SCO Java and Web Services Roadmap Jonathan Schilling, SCO Engineering

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SCO Java and Web Services RoadmapJonathan
Schilling, SCO Engineering
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Topics and Agenda

• What is Java?
• Java 2 Standard Edition
• Java 1.4.2
• Java 2 Enterprise Edition
• solutions for SCO platforms
• Java Serial and Parallel I/O Support
• Java Desktop Technologies
• Web Services
• For Java and for other languages

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What is Java ? (First Things)

• A language
• object-oriented, concurrent,
  distributed, self-aware
• A portable runtime environment
• similar to an OS but platform-independent
• A set of APIs covering the breadth of an OS
• A set of APIs enabling application layers
• A good base for web services
• A development environment

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The State of Java

• Dominant technology for modern programming
• Portability
• Enterprise
• Server-side
• Middleware
• Web services
• Also used as client GUI or as browser plug-in
• Guided by Sun, built by whole industry
• Java Community Process governs evolution

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The Microsoft .NET Challenge

• Does have interesting and useful technology
• Imitates Java in several respects
• C language similar to Java
• CIL intermediate form similar to Java bytecode
• Common Language Runtime similar to JVM
• but Java now imitating .NET in a few places
• Suffers from vendor and platform lock-in
• Newer, less mature
• Microsoft now collaborating with Sun and IBM
• Although Ballmer says interop progress has
  slowed
• Mono .NET implementation is scheduled for SCO
  Fusion

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SCOs Java Involvement

• SCO was a member of the Java Community Process
  (JCP) Executive Committee
• voted on JSRs that define/evolve Java standard
• promote adoption/growth of the Java technology
• 2000 - 2004
• SCO is a Sun Java source code licensee
• since 1996
• basis of SCO UNIX J2SE

http//www.sco.com/java/
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The Pieces of Java
J2EE
Web Services
Specialty APIs javax.comm
J2SE
DesktopPlug-in, WebStart
Development Tools
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What is Java 2 Standard Edition?

• The central core of Java provided with OS
• Includes the following execution pieces
• Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
• the underlying execution engine
• transparent runtime compilers for performance
  
• just-in-time or dynamic or adaptive
• basic API libraries
• language support, utilities, math, I/O
• applets, AWT, JFC/Swing, 2D, images, media
• networking, compression, and security
• distributed/component programming core
• XML, RMI, Java Beans parts of JDBC, JNDI, CORBA
• various commands
• keytool, rmic, rmiregistry, serialver,
  native2ascii, idlj, etc.
• a/k/a the Java Runtime Environment (JRE)

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What is Java 2 SE (contd)?

• Includes the following (command-line) development
  pieces
• javac source-to-bytecode compiler,
• jdb command-line debugger,
• javah header/stub generator for native method
  support
• javap bytecode disassembler,
• javadoc documentation formatter,
• jar archiving tool,
• appletviewer browser for applet testing
• a/k/a Java Software Development Kit (JDK, SDK)

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SCO UNIX Java Release History
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J2SE 1.4.2 for SCO UNIX Platform Support

• SCO OpenServer 6.0.0
• UnixWare 7.1.4
• UnixWare 7.1.3 Update Pack 4
• essentially equivalent to UW 7.1.4
• SCO OpenServer 5.0.7 MP3 UP3/SuppCD3
• requires OSRcompat v. 8.0.2 or higher
• uses new user-space OSR5 UDK threads library

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J2SE 1.3.1 for SCO UNIX Platform Support

• Unixware 7.1.4
• UnixWare 7.1.3
• UnixWare 7.1.2 (a/k/a Open UNIX 8)
• requires Maintenance Pack 3 (ou800m3) or higher
• UnixWare 7.1.1
• requires Maintenance Pack 1 (uw711pk1) or higher
• requires libc, libm, libC, libthread 8.0.0 or
  higher
• SCO OpenServer 5.0.7
• requires OSRcompat 8.0.1 or higher
• SCO OpenServer 5.0.6
• requires OSRcompat 8.0.1 or higher
• requires OSS643A

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J2SE 1.4.2 for SCO UNIX Packages

• Package j2jre142
• runtime support
• Package j2sdk142
• developer support, demos
• Package j2plg142
• Java Plug-in support for Mozilla browser
• All of above installed by default
• install from download site for later patch
  releases
• pkgadd format for UW7, custom format for OSR5 and
  OSR6
• /usr/java/ReleaseNotes.html is release doc
• go to http//java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/ for
  all Sun doc

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Java Virtual Machines

• Classic VM (1.3.1)
• the original VM from Sun
• well-exercised code base
• green threads or native threads
• performance can be improved with a JIT

• HotSpot (1.4.2)
• the newer VM technology from Sun
• now well-exercised too
• dynamic, adaptive
• re-engineered for better performance,
  maintainability
• native threads only

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What Java Runtime Compilers Do

• Make Java run faster
• In background, compile bytecodes of methods into
  native IA-32 machine code
• On subsequent invocations of method, machine code
  is executed instead of bytecode being
  re-interpreted
• Compilation is done while the application or
  applet is running
• hence runtime or just-in-time (JIT) in name
• an execution component, not development!

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Different Java Runtime Compilers

• Classic VM sunwjit JIT (1.3.1)
• enhanced by SCO
• JIT heuristics
• faster start-up for GUI and other apps
• http//www.sco.com/developers/java/news/jit-heur.p
  df

• HotSpot client compiler (1.4.2)
• for short-, medium-lived apps
• for fast start-up time, then good performance
• the default
• HotSpot server compiler (1.4.2)
• maximal performance for long-running applications
• longer time to start up
• java -server

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Java Threads Models

• green threads Java Virtual Machine does its
  own multithreading and context switching all
  Java threads operate within one OS thread
• Java 1.3.1 OSR5
• many limitations
• native threads JVM maps Java threads,
  operations 1-to-1 onto OS threads
• Java 1.3.1 UW7
• works ok but can be slow

• HotSpot native threads JVM optimizes mapping
  of Java threads and operations onto OS threads
• e.g. Java synchronizations only rarely become OS
  mutex_lock calls
• Java 1.4.2 UW7 OSR6

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Native Threads on OpenServer 5 !?

• SCO OpenServer 5 UDK threads library
• UW7 libthread ported to OSR5 under UDK
• available LWPs always equals one model
• required for Java 1.4.2
• green threads are gone
• also use for UDK C/C apps
• SCO OpenServer 5 ABI threads library?
• no, this is UDK only
• not needed for Java

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SCO Java 1.4.2 vs. 1.3.1 Benchmark Results

• SPEC JVM98 -s10 (medium-sized clients)
• Java 1.4.2 is 38 faster than Java 1.3.1 on UW7
• 26 faster on OSR5
• SPEC JVM98 -s100 (large-sized clients)
• Java 1.4.2 is 63 faster than Java 1.3.1 on UW7
• 60 faster on OSR5
• UW7 and OSR5 roughly comparable on JVM98

• SPEC JBB2000 (large three-tier server app)
• Java 1.4.2 is 685 6.8x faster than 1.3.1 on
  UW7!!
• using server compiler
• really shows effect of runtime compilation and
  threads optimizations
• No such figure on OSR5
• green threads hangs on 1.3.1
• UW7 much faster than OSR5 for Java 1.4.2
• benchmark needs kernel threads to do well
• OSR6 results similar to UW7

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The moral is

• If youre using Java on an older OSR5
• Upgrade to OSR6!
• If youre using Java on an older UW7
• Upgrade to UW7.1.4!
• Java 1.4.2 will not be backported to earlier
  releases
• Java 1.5 will not be made available on back
  releases

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Java as a First-class Executable

• UnixWare 7.1.x, OpenServer 6 feature
• When javac is used to compile one or more classes
  that contain main methods, the execute bit will
  be set on the resultant .class files
• Then do a link ln -s foo.class foo
• Now you can now execute a Java program named foo
  as follows foo
• The class foo must both be in PATH (like any
  other executable) and in CLASSPATH (like any
  other class)
• Purpose Can now write utilities in Java without
  users knowing it

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Native Methods

• Allows Java to call C or C or vice versa
• Must use UDK
• Not OSR5 Dev Sys
• Not OSR5 GCC
• Not OSR6 Kosr mode
• UW7 gcc ok
• UW7 g not advised
• JNI, JNI Invocation both supported
• /usr/java/demos/native/ for commands to use
• dont guess at it!

• Use debug(1) to debug see Release Notes
• Use native methods sparingly
• today, most Java apps are 100 Java!
• Java 1.3.1 on OSR5 green threads I/O wrapping
  can cause troubles

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Conformance

• SCO Java 2 SE implementations make no API
  extensions or subsets compared to the Sun/JCP
  baseline
• SCO Java 2 SE implementations pass the latest
  applicable Sun/JCP Java Compatibility Kit
  (JCK/TCK) test suites

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J2EE Enterprise Edition

• a/k/a Java app server
• The Java middleware standard for servers
• For many end user app builders and ISVs, this is
  what you program to
• Many vendors
• Typically not provided by OS
• is this changing?

• JDBC (Database)
• Enterprise Java Beans
• JavaServer Pages
• Servlets
• Web Services, XML
• JNDI (Naming Directory)
• CORBA
• Java Message Service
• Transactions
• and much more

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J2EE Vendors

• Proprietary
• BEA WebLogic
• IBM WebSphere
• Pramati
• various others
• Open Source
• Jboss most mindshare of open source
  implementations
• Sun Java System Application Server recently
  open sourced
• Apache Geronimo recently completed cert
  milestone
• ObjectWeb JOnAS from French consortium

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J2EE on SCO UNIX

• Enterprise features not just for Enterprises
• useful for SMB and replicated sites too
• BEA WebLogic Server 8.1
• BEAs most recent release
• certified for native UnixWare 7.1.4 and Java
  1.4.2!
• Jboss open source implementation
• Just download it and run, no porting necessary
• UW7 users report good success with it
• Will be packaged for UW 7.1.4 mp3 (Nov 2005),
  OSR6 mp2 (Dec)
• Dont always need the whole enchilada!
• for just servlets JSP, use Tomcat 4.1.31
  package
• JDBC usually comes from database vendor
• for SOAP/XML web services, see later on

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Java Serial and Parallel I/O Support

• javax.comm API is an extension to Java
• RS-232 based serial I/O
• IEEE 1284 based parallel I/O
• Available on OSR 5.0.7, OSR6 mp1, and UW 7.1.4
• based on RXTX open source implementation
• a good number of users on OSR5
• see /usr/java/javax.comm-ReleaseNotes.html for
  guidelines on how to use

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Java Serial and Parallel I/O Support

• Parallel I/O guidelines
• supports basic printing
• status APIs not supported
• isPaperOut, isPrinterBusy, isPrinterError, etc.
• USB support?
• full-blown USB support is a different API
• javax.usb (JSR 80)
• but behave-like-serial will work with javax.comm
• may depend on the actual driver
• success stories on OSR5

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Java Desktop Technologies

• Java Plug-in
• Allows modern Mozilla 1.2.1 through 1.7.x
  browsers on OSR5.0.7, OSR6 UW7.1.4 to use SCO
  J2SE 1.4.2 implementation
• no alternative! Mozilla doesnt have an internal
  JVM
• Allows old Netscape 4.x browsers on OSR5 UW7 to
  use SCO J2SE 1.3.1 implementation
• big improvement over out-of-date, broken Netscape
  internal JVM
• Java Web Start
• Launch application (not applet) from desktop
  or browser
• Insufficient market demand so far

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SCO Java Futures

• Java 1.4.2_xx and 1.3.1_xx
• updates with Sun patch levels (usually security
  fixes)
• Java 1.5 (now renamed by Sun to Java 5.0)
• language changes generics, autoboxing, for
  loops, enums, varargs, printf
• Sun FCS late Sept 2004
• SCO UNIX version for OSR6, UW7 is under way
• scheduled for UW7.1.4mp4 (Apr/May 2006), OSR6 mp
• Packaged JBoss in earlier UW7.1.4, OSR6 maint
  packs
• Web services

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Web Services
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Web Services Basics

• Web Services What are they?
• Provide layer of software abstraction
• Make apps available via Internet to other apps
• OS, hardware, language, location agnostic
• Industry-standard specifications
• SOAP, XML, WSDL, UDDI
• Dont need to know, tools auto generate
• Bridge between J2EE and .NET

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A Simple Sample in Java
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A Simple Sample in Perl
!/usr/bin/perl use SOAPLite my zip_code
shift print "The temperature at zip code ",
zip_code, " is " print SOAPLite -
service('http//www.xmethods.net/sd/TemperatureSer
vice.wsdl') - getTemp(zip_code) print "\n"
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SCO Web Services Platform Support

• Three operating systems
• OSR 6.0.0 mp1
• OSR 5.0.7 supp3
• UW 7.1.4
• Two web service servers
• Apache
• Tomcat
• Five languages
• Java, Perl, PHP included in eachs default set
  of libraries
• C, C at /usr/lib/gsoap/
• Demos of client use in /usr/scox/language_demos/

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SCOx Web Services Language Support
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Why Java fits in with Web Services

• Java excellent language to use Web Services in
• Part of J2EE 1.4 specification
• Can also use stand-alone apart from J2EE
• Language is flexible, dynamic, self-aware
• proxy classes, complex types, XML data binding
  ...
• Java web services bindings are standards
• JAXP, JAXB, JAX-RPC, etc.
• not true of other languages (C, C, PHP ...)
• Java encourages powerful middleware layers

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SCOx Web Services Substrate (WSS)

• A set of tools for modernizing applications
• WebFace, WebFace Studio
• rich, browser-based, web services-based UIs
• uses AJAX approach, ahead of its time
• SQLe
• expose SQL database as a web service
• WAM
• manage Tomcat-deployed Java web services
• Ericom HostPublisher
• extend legacy green screen apps via web
  services

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Availability of SCOx WSS

• Now a set of tools and services for use in
  modernizing applications
• Engage via SCO Professional Services

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SCOs Java and Web Services Goals

• Enable ISVs, partners, users to develop and
  deploy Java applications on SCO platforms
• The same with web services
• Comformance with standards
• Compatibility with other implementations
• Commitment to support
• Reliability, Performance, Scalability
• Legacy code connectivity
• SCOx Professional Services

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Questions Answers