Geographic Units, Data Sources

1
Geographic Units, Data Sources

• 10-5-05

2
Geography Defined

• Absolute / Relative locations
• Cartogram (fig 4.2)
• Geographic Research
• Areal or Spatial Association florist shops in
  relation to high-rise office building
• Forms and Processes process results in patterns
• Spatial Interaction road network and traffic
• Distance Decay decreasing occurrence from center
  point.
• Concepts in Geography
• Direction
• Distance
• Scale
• Location
• Distribution patterns, dispersion
• Localization spatial clustering
• Functional Association occurrence of objects as
  a response to the presence of other elements
• Spatial Interaction diffusion
• The Regional Concept a region is an internal
  homogeneity set it apart from others.
• Concept of Change.

3
Spatial Dimensions

• Forms
• Points
• Line
• Area
• Volume
• Space-Time
• Discrete/Sequential/Continuous Phenomena
• Discrete integer numbers
• Lines, cases make a sequential phenomena
• Continuous no gap between values, weight, time.

4
Measurement Scales (Table 4.3)

• Nominal Scaling
• Grouping, 0/1,A/B/C.. For identification purpose
• Ordinal Scaling
• Ranking, but ratio is not proportional
• Interval Scaling
• Numerical scores, no origin, any beginning point
  may be used. Fahrenheit temperature, relative
  ranking
• Ratio Scaling
• With known starting point, such as Kelvin
  temperature, elevation, weight

5
Census Data
6
Metropolitan/Micropolitan
7
Remotely Sensed Data

• Landsat (flying altitude, cycle, scenes/day)
• SPOT
• NETSAT

8
www.census.gov

• Click Your Gateway to Census 2000
• Under American FactFinder, click Enter a street
  address to find Census 2000 data
• Enter your home address, then press GO
• Select a Geography (such as Census Tract) and
  Click Map It
• Or click Go

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GIS Census Data

• Downloaded from http//arcdata.esri.com/data/tiger
  2000/tiger_download.cfm
• Select TN
• Under Select by County choose Putnam
• Under Available data layers select
• Census Tract 2000
• County 2000
• Line Features -Roads
• Under Available Statewide Layers select
• Census Tract Demographics (PL94)
• Click Proceed to Download
• Click Download File once the file is ready.
• You will have to view the PL 94-171 Quick
  Reference Guide link to find out the field name
  and field description for the demographic data.

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- Continued -

• You will get 4 zip files plus one readme.html.
• Unzip these four files (in fact, they are 3
  shapefiles and 1 demographic data). Make sure you
  put them in same folder (youd better create a
  data folder under your current working folder)
• Start ArcMap from Start
• Once the program started, you will be prompted to
  begin your program with A new empty map or
  other two options. Click OK to continue.
• Click Add Data to add the following layers to
  the current project tgr47141cty00.shp,
  tgr47141lkA.shp, tgr47141demtrt00.shp.

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-- Continued --

• Add Structure and Addresses to your current
  project.
• You might find the projection causing problem on
  one of the layer. If so, then defining the
  projection will take care of the problem.

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Add and Join Data

• Add tgr47000demtrt.dbf to your current project.
• Join tgr47000demtrt.dbf to layer tgr47141trt00
• Right-click on the tgr47141trt00 and choose
  Joins and Relates/Joins
• Join is based on STFID from this layer and
  tgr47000demtrt
• Click Advanced and select the second options
  Keep only matching records. Clikc OK to
  continue.

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Homework 4 1due 10-19-2005 midnight

• Download your county data (2000 County, Block
  Group 2000, Demographics (SF1), Line Features -
  Roads)
• Join Table from tgr47000sf1grp.dbf to your
  countys block group by Stfid (see instruction
  on the link)
• Plot your county based on the population (field
  name POP2000) using 3 classes.
• Save your project as HW4-yourname.mxd under your
  homework folder.
• Send email to me with link to your homework mxd

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Homework 4 - 2

• Find population of your hometown from
  www.census.gov. (1990,2000,2003)
• Find all the Metropolitan Statistical Areas or
  Micropolitan Statistical Areas of Tennessee. The
  followings are required components for your
  homework
• Definition of MSA
• Type in an Excel spreadsheet with information
  such as County (may have more than one),
  population 1990 and 2000, percent change between
  1990 and 2000.
• Turn in a printed copy of the homework.
• Plot MSA (Metro and Micro) on Tennessee County
  Map (Geo Major) with proper legend, shading,
  symbols and layout. Print maps with colors or
  simply send me the link (remember to save all
  your layers to your G drive, not C drive)