Buddhism

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Buddhism
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Buddhism in the Subcontinent
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1. The Buddha was born Siddhartha Gautama, a
prince of the Sakya tribe of Nepal, in
approximately 566 BC, and died in 483 BC.
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2. When he was twenty-nine years old, he left the
comforts of his home to seek the meaning of life.
He saw the suffering around him.
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B. The Great Renunciation occurred in 534 when he
gave up his riches and put on the orange/yellow
robes of the poor man.
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3. After six years of arduous yogic training, he
abandoned the way of self-mortification and
instead sat in mindful meditation beneath a bodhi
tree.
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The fourth generation Bodhi tree.
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B. On the full moon of May, with the rising of
the morning star, Siddhartha Gautama became the
Buddha, the enlightened one.
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C. He learned the path to Nirvana, the utter
disillusion of sorrow. The philosophy of the
Buddha was that happiness or sadness comes from
within and not as a result of the Gods.
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D. The Buddha wandered the plains of northeastern
India for 45 years more, teaching the path or
Dharma he had realized in that moment.
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4. Around him developed a community or Sangha of
monks and, later, nuns, drawn from every tribe
and caste, devoted to practicing this path.
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5. In approximately 486 BC, at the age of 80, the
Buddha died. His last words are said to be...

Impermanent are all created things Strive on
with awareness.
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6. The path to enlightenment includes the four
noble truths and living the noble eight-fold path.
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7. The four noble truths
1.Suffering is Universal
(There is suffering in the world. To live is to
suffer.) Dukkha
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2.Suffering arises from attachment to desires
(The cause of suffering is self-centered desire
and attachments.) Tanha
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3.Suffering ceases when attachment to desire
ceases
(The solution is to eliminate desire and
attachments. )(Nirvana extinction)
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4. Freedom from suffering is possible by
practicing the Eightfold Path
(To reach nirvana, one must follow the Eightfold
Path.)
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8. Noble Eightfold Path Three Qualities Eightfo
ld Path Wisdom (panna) 1. Right View 2.
Right Thought 3. Right Speech Morality
(sila) 4. Right Action 5. Right
Livelihood 6. Right Effort Meditation
(samadhi) 7. Right Mindfulness 8. Right
Contemplation


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A. Right view is the true understanding of the
four noble truths. B. Right aspiration (thought)
is the true desire to free oneself from
attachment, ignorance, and hatefulness.
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1. These two are referred to as prajña, or wisdom.
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C. Right speech involves abstaining from lying,
gossiping, or hurtful talk.
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D. Right action involves abstaining from hurtful
behaviors, such as killing, stealing, and living
a non chaste life.
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E. Right livelihood means making your living in
such a way as to avoid dishonesty and hurting
others, including animals. These three are
refered to as shila, or morality.
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F. Right effort is a matter of exerting oneself
in regards to the content of one's mind Bad
qualities should be abandoned and prevented from
arising again Good qualities should be enacted
and nurtured.
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G. Right mindfulness is the focusing of one's
attention on one's body, feelings, thoughts, and
consciousness in such a way as to overcome
craving, hatred, and ignorance.
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H. Right concentration is meditating in such a
way as to progressively realize a true
understanding of imperfection, impermanence,
and non-separateness.
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2. The last three are known as samadhi, or
meditation.
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9. The Buddha referred to his teaching as the
Middle Path, called this because it avoids the
extremes of both self-indulgence in the world and
the self-mortification of strict asceticism.
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10. The path he taught incorporates both
intellectual progress plus spiritual progress
with practice that reflects compassion, morality,
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wisdom and concentration while at the same time
seeing and understanding the world of existence
as it truly is.
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11. The aim of living the path of the doctrine of
Buddhism is to plunge into Nirvana.
The Eightfold Noble Path of Buddhism is the means
to this end. Eight activities a very specific
course of actions that must be simultaneously
developed to realize the goal.
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12. Four Boundless States The boundless states or
brahmaviharas are considered friends on the way
to Nirvana. They help in dissolving the idea of a
separate self. 1. Loving
kindness 2. Compassion
3. Sympathetic Joy
4. Equanimity
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Five Hindrances 1.Sensuous lust
2.Aversion and ill will 3.Sloth and torpor
4.Restlessness and worry 5.Skeptical doubt
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13. Feelings arise when there is contact between
the six internal organs and the six external
objects.
Internal Organs External Objects
Eye Sight Ear Sound Nose Odor
Tongue Taste Body Touch
Mind Mental Object
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14. BUDDHAS SACRED TEXT

• After Buddhas death, his followers collected the
  traditions that had developed and compiled a
  scripture called the TRIPTIKA THREE BASKETS

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15. A Buddhist reaches Nirvana by building a list
of good deeds, such as feeding a monk, visiting a
temple or kindness to others.
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16. Buddha found converts among the masses who
were not leaders. The idea that they could change
their life and not be stuck in a specific cast
was appealing.
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17. Images of Buddha first appeared during the
time of Ashoka, an emperor of India during the
third century B.C.
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B. Buddhist temples, sculptures and missionaries
were also introduced during this time period.
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18. The typical Buddha sits in a meditative pose.
He is serene, peaceful and contemplative. He has
a dot on his forehead representing spiritual
insight.
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Types of Buddhism

• Therevada Buddhism
• Mahayana Buddhism
• Tibetan Buddhism
• Zen Buddhism

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19. DIVISIONS OF BUDDHISM Main divisions
Mahayana Larger vehicleFounded by Chandragupta
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Universal salvation - stresses deliverance for
benefit of others and makes attainment of
Buddhahood its highest objective.More interested
in the spirituality rather than words of the
Buddha, and teaches that object to become Buddha
is to make
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everyone happy - we are living because of the
various "causes" that made us, thereby we cannot
become happy all by ourselves separated from
others.Ideal life is the Bodhisattva (Those who
choose to remain behind and guide others)
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Seated Boddhisatva 16c
Bhutan
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Mahayana Buddhism

• The Great Vehicle.
• Founded in northern Asia (China, Japan).
• Buddhism for the masses.
• Seek guidance from Boddhisatvas, wise beings.
• Goal Not just individual escape from the wheel,
  but the salvation of all humanity through
  self-sacrifice of those enlightened few.

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Mahayana Buddhism
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20. Theravada (Old term Hinayana no longer used)
Way of the Elders Individual salvation - its
ideal is attainment of Enlightenment for just the
individual.Interprets the Teaching of the Buddha
literally, and teaches one to be released in the
future from the karma of his past deeds by
getting away from the human society and living
alone in a mountain or secluded place and
directing his whole life in practicing the Noble
Eight-fold path.
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Theravada Buddhism

• The oldest school of Buddhism.
• The Way of the Elders or the Small Vehicle.
• Found in southern Asia.
• The monastic life is the best way to achieve
  nirvana.
• Focus on wisdom and meditation.
• Goal is to become a Buddha, or Enlightened
  One.
• Over 100,000,000 followers today.

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Theravada Buddhism
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Tibetan Buddhism

• The Diamond Vehicle. Vajrayana
• Developed in Tibet in the 7c CE.
• A mix of Theravada and Mahayana.
• Boddhisatvas include Lamas, like the Dalai
  Lama.
• The Tibetan Book of the DeadBardo Thodol.

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The DalaiLama
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Zen Buddhism

• The Meditation School.
• Seeks sudden enlightenment satori through
  meditation, arriving at emptiness sunyata.
• Use of meditation masters Roshi.
• Beauty, art, and aesthetics
• Gardens.
• Archery.
• Tea ceremony.
• Calligraphy.

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