Multicultural issues in fluency disorders

1
Multicultural issues in fluency disorders
2
Basic clinical concerns

• It dealing with multicultural variability, it is
  especially important to deal with the ABCs of
  stuttering
• Affect
• Behavior
• Cognition
• It is also important to employ principles of
  culture-sensitive assessment, treatment and
  counseling (Hall, 2000 Watson Kayser, 1994).

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Language specific concerns

• Incidence-Prevalence variations (Ardila et al,
  1994 etc)
• Linguistic effects on the types of disfluencies
  seen (e.g., Montes, 1999 Munoz-Duston, 1992)
• Language and speech rate measures (e.g., word vs.
  syllable counts) (Kempler et al., 1998)
• Validity of published severity measures
• Validity of useful adjunct measures (e.g.,
  personality inventories (Negy et al., 1998)

4
Culture specific concerns

• Attitudes toward speech and fluency for example,
  comparing Hispanic and other cultures (Bebout
  Arthur (1992))
• Culture-specific beliefs about what causes
  stuttering
• Culture-specific beliefs about who should be
  consulted in stuttering treatment
• Culture and shame (Rodriguez et al., 2000)
• Social vulnerability and its potential impacts on
  dealing with stuttering (Weiss, et al., 1999)
• The frequency of overt vs. covert stuttering

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Cultural trends in stuttering treatment (Barbosa,
1998)

• Parent-child interactional profiles relevant to
• a. indirect management of stuttering (Madding,
  1999)
• b. school-based management (Baker, et al, 1999)
  review in light of elevated risk of minority
  group speech-impaired kids (Robertson et al.,
  1998).
• Treatment preferences of the native culture
  (Tiago de Melo, 1998)

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Bilingualism and stuttering (see review by van
Borsel, 2001)

• Does bilingualism affect the risk of
  stuttering?(Karniol, 1992)
• Does bilingualism affect the degree of
  stuttering? (Nwokah, 1988)
• Profiles of stuttering in bilingual individuals
  (Ratner Benitez, 1987 Jankelowitz Bortz,
  1996)

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• Code switching and potential role in stuttering
• Language processing in bilingualism (e.g.,
  Hernandez et al., 2000), including age of
  acquisition issues.
• Word retrieval issues (Brown Cullinan, 1981
  Crutcher, et al., 2000 Kohnert et al., 1999)
• Case studies (e.g., Cabrera Ratner, 1999)
• Language loss potential role in stuttering
  (Restrepo, et al., 2000)
• Generalization concerns
• Language basis of affective and cognitive
  responses to stuttering (Schrauf, et al, 2000)
  generalization outcomes (Humphrey, 1999)

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Multicultural resources

• Publications in other languages (e.g., SFA)
• International websites
• The clinician needs to monitor such sources for
  inaccurate or unsupported information
• Resource Alta vista translations
• International listservs