Adjective Clauses who, that, which, whom

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Adjective Clauses who, that, which, whom

• Presented by
• Melissa Michelson

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Write longer, more fluent sentences -- Use
adjective clauses!
These short sentences can be combined with the
main clause to form one long sentence. They
become adjective clauses.
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Whats an adjective clause (aka relative
clause)?

• Adjective 1 word to describe a noun
• Clause group of words with subject and verb
• Adjective clause
• group of words that starts with a relative clause
  pronoun (that, which, who, whom)
• whole clause describes a singular or plural noun
  in a main (independent) clause
• adj clause has its own subject and verb
• adj clause comes right after the noun it modifies

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2 types of adjective clauses

• restrictive (essential) explains exactly which
  noun
• ex A I want to live in the house that is near
  the beach.
• ex B The house that is near the beach sells for
  1 million.

• non-restrictive (not essential) extra
  information about noun
• ex C I cant afford to buy the beach house,
  which sold for 1 million.
• ex D The beach house, which is too far from
  work, isnt practical.

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Practice

• a. Whats the relative pronoun?
• b. Where is the adjective clause in the example
  sentences?
• c. Whats the difference in meaning between
  restrictive/non-restrictive?
• d. Whats the difference in punctuation?
• E. Which pronouns are for restrictive/non-restr
  ictive clauses?

• I want to live in a house that is near the beach.
• The house that is near the beach sells for 1
  million.
• I cant afford to buy the beach house, which sold
  for 1mil.
• The beach house, which is too far from work,
  isnt practical.

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Subject relative clause

• people who, that (informal)
• things/animals that (restrictive), which
  (non-restrictive)

1. Decide which is main clause/adj clause.

• I thanked the woman. She helps me all the time.
• He gave us an exam. It lasted one hour.
• c) I borrowed books to do research for class.
  They are more than 200 pages long.

2. Decide which noun to modify in main clause.
3. Look for ref word to that noun and cross it
off subject in adj. clause!
4. Add correct rel pronoun after main clause
noun.
5. Connect sentences decide commas.
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Object relative clause

• people whom (formal), who, that (informal)
• things/animals that (restrictive), which
  (non-restrictive)

1. Decide which is main clause/adj clause.

• The students are from China. I know them.
• The movie was good. We saw it.
• c) I borrowed a book. I still have the book.

2. Decide which noun to modify in main clause.
3. Look for ref word to that noun and cross it
off object in adj. clause - KEEP subject.
4. Add correct rel pronoun after main clause
noun. (Object rel. pronouns can be omitted.)
5. Connect sentences decide commas.