US LHC Accelerator Research Program

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US LHC Accelerator Research Program
US LHC Accelerator Research Program
brookhaven - fermilab - berkeley

• Jim Strait
• For the BNL-FNAL-LBNL LHC Accelerator
  Collaboration
• DOE Meeting
• 18 April 2003

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Outline

• Program Goals, Overview, and Organization
• RD to Maximize the HEP Output of LHC
• Fundamental Accelerator RD
• RD for LHC Upgrades
• Coordination with CERN

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Goals of the US LARP

• Advance High Energy Physics
• Help bring the LHC on and up to design
  performance quickly.
• Improve LHC performance by advances in
  understanding and instrumentation.
• Use LHC as a tool to gain deeper knowledge of
  accelerator science and technology.
• Extend LHC as a frontier HEP instrument with a
  timely luminosity upgrade.
• Advance U.S. Accelerator Science and Technology
• Keep skills sharp by helping commission the LHC.
• Conduct forefront AP research and development.
• Advance U.S. capabilities to improve the
  performance of our own machines.
• Prepare U.S. accelerator scientists to design the
  next generation of hadron colliders.
• Develop advanced components necessary for the
  next generation of hadron colliders.

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Summary of Planned Program

• Help commission the hardware delivered by the LHC
  Accelerator Project and later by the LARP
• Help commission the LHC with initial beam.
• Use the LHC to perform experiments and test
  calculations and theories of fundamental
  accelerator science.
• Develop and build new instruments that will
  improve the operation of the LHC and help us
  perform accelerator physics experiments.
• Perform accelerator physics studies and advanced
  magnet RD that will result in the IR designs and
  prototype IR magnets for a timely LHC luminosity
  upgrade.

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Initial Organizational and Reporting Structure
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R D to maximize the HEP output of the
LHCInitial Instrumentation Suite

• 1) Tune, Chromaticity, Coupling Feedback
• Tune, chromaticity and coupling feedback
  instruments are crucial for efficiency with
  intense beams At LHC but also RHIC and
  Tevatron.
• Such tools are already being developed at CERN
  and at BNL Collaboration meeting on this topic,
  Fermilab, May 9, 2003.
• 2) Real- Time Luminosity Measurements
• Fast luminosity measurements help keep the beams
  in exact collision.
• Two potential technologies ArN2 ionization
  chamber and CdTe.
• Beam test at Fermilab this year, jointly with
  CERN, to allow direct comparison.
• 3) Longitudinal Beam Density Monitor
• Based on the non-linear mixing of synch.
  radiation with light from a pulsed laser.
• These measurements are essential, with 350 MJ of
  stored energy in the beams.
• We plan to begin RD on this to start in FY2005.

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Accelerator Systems Cost Estimate
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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High Priority of RD for LHC Upgrades Recognized
by HEPAP

• HEPAP has set its highest priority on RD for a
  luminosity upgrade
• The science of extending exploration of the
  energy frontier with the LHC accelerator and
  detector luminosity upgrades is absolutely
  central. The RD phase for these will need to
  start soon if the upgrades are to be finished by
  the present target date of 2014.
• HEPAP has set lower priority on energy upgrade
• It is possible that the physics found in the
  next decade at the LHC will be such that it will
  demand such an upgrade, but at this point we
  dont know enough yet either about the science or
  about the specifics of the facility that might be
  proposed. It will require an extensive RD phase.
  
• __________________________________________________
  ____
• High-Energy Physics Facilities of the DOE
  Office of Science Twenty-Year Road Map, HEPAP
  report to the Director of the Office of Science,
  17 March 2003.

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Schedule for Upgrades
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New IRs are a Key Element of a Luminosity Upgrade
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Accelerator Physics for Luminosity Upgrade

• Accelerator Physics for luminosity upgrades is
  the earliest AP activity.
• It informs the type of upgrade that can take
  place.
• It is necessary to guide the magnet RD program,
  which must be launched soon and must be launched
  on the right path.
• Close cooperation with CERN required.
• Currently planned work
• Interaction region optics.
• Energy deposition.
• Beam-beam calculations.
• Interaction region field error compensation.
• Beam loss scenarios.
• Effects of and requirements for other machine
  upgrades.

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Magnet RD for Luminosity Upgrade

• Magnet RD will eventually become the largest
  part of LARP.
• Plan to pursue RD on both quadrupoles and
  dipoles
• Quads with the largest possible aperture with Gop
  gt 200 T/m. (FNAL LBNL)
• Large-aperture dipoles for the extreme radiation
  environment of a dipole-first IR. (BNL LBNL)
• Deliverables will be successful RD, leading to
  accelerator-ready magnet design(s).
• Fabrication of production magnets is outside the
  scope of LARP and will be considered a\s a
  separate proposal.

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Interactions with other Magnet RD Programs

• The LARP cannot deliver accelerator-ready designs
  for all of the new IR magnets by itself.
• The LARP RD program will be built upon and well
  coordinated with the on-going vigorous U.S. base
  program in high-field magnet development.
• DOE funded program to develop Nb3Sn
  superconductor.
• High-field dipole programs at BNL, FNAL and LBNL.
• We will work in close collaboration with non-U.S.
  programs.
• Expect vigorous RD program to start at CERN in a
  few years.
• ESGARD proposals
• Networking activities
• Next European Dipole gt collaboration with US
  on dipole-first IR?
• Participation by KEK?

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Magnet RD Program Elements

• The development of magnet requirements and
  conceptual designs.
• This will be the main activity for the next 1½
  years.
• Done with close cooperation between accelerator
  physicists and magnet scientists and in close
  collaboration with CERN.
• This work continues at a lower level throughout
  the RD program as understanding of LHC beam
  requirements and magnet technology limits
  increase.
• Technology development.
• Addresses key technological issues for the new IR
  magnets raised by the conceptual design studies.
• Will be a major activity in the early years
  (2004-2006).
• Continues as support activity throughout the
  model magnet program.

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Magnet RD Program Elements

• Model magnet programs for large-aperture,
  high-field quads dipoles.
• First models in 2006, limited by slow start of
  funding.
• 2 models per year of each quadrupole and dipole
  through 2010.
• As soon as practical, build 4 m model of one
  type.
• Additional models may be necessary after decision
  is made on new IR design, expected 2009-10.
• Expect considerable cross-fertilization between
  dipole and quadrupole programs, between LARP and
  base program, and between U.S. and European
  programs.
• The construction of one or more
  accelerator-quality prototypes.
• Follows the decision on the final IR design in
  2009-10.
• Current funding guidance limits us to (at most!)
  one type (D or Q).
• The goal is clear To have a fully developed and
  proven, accelerator ready design, ready for
  production by 2012.

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Magnet RD Program Cost Estimate
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Cost Estimate Summary
P R E L I M I N A R Y
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Coordination with CERN

• Many formal and informal meetings with CERN over
  the past ? 1 year to develop the LARP proposal.
• US-CERN Committee combines leaders of the LHC at
  CERN with leaders of the LARP at the US Labs, and
  provides for formal coordination of the US effort
  with the CERN LHC program.
• The US-CERN Committee, at its first meeting on 10
  April, approved our program plans, as documented
  in a letter from Lyn Evans.

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Summary

• Program elements
• Hardware commissioning (FY 2005-2007).
• Beam commissioning (FY 2006 2009)
• Advanced beam instrumentation RD
• Use LHC as a tool for accelerator physics
  research.
• Accelerator physics studies for luminosity
  upgrade.
• Magnet RD for luminosity upgrade.
• Further effort required to fit the program within
  the funding guidance . . . or more funding is
  required.

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Summary

• The LHC is very complex and will be difficult to
  commission and bring to its full capabilities.
  The U.S. labs can play an important role in
  speeding startup and optimizing LHC performance,
  thereby maximizing the physics return on our
  large national investment.
• Adequate and consistent support must be provided
  to make this happen.
• The LHC will be the frontier high energy
  accelerator, offering forefront opportunities for
  advanced accelerator physics and technology
  research and development.
• We need adequate and consistent support to be
  able to exploit this unique opportunity.