The Indian Proton Driver Project

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The Indian Proton Driver Project
Srinivas Krishnagopal Centre for Advanced
Technology, Indore Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai (skrishna_at_cat.ernet.in)
ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High
Intensity, High Brightness Hadron Beams 18-22
October 2004, Bensheim, Germany
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Major Accelerator Laboratories in India

• Centre for Advanced Technology
• (INDUS light sources, SNS, photoinjectors)
• Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
• (ADS injector linac, industrial linacs)
• Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre
• (variable energy superconducting cyclotrons)
• Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
• (Pelletron s/c post-accelerator)
• Nuclear Science Centre
• (Pelletron s/c post-accelerator)

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Proton linac activities

• Development of a high intensity linac for waste
  transmutation studies is being pursued at the
  Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (Phase-I 20 MeV
  linac)
• 100 kW Spallation Neutron Source for condensed
  matter studies is currently in the design stage
  at the Centre for Advanced Technology

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Part I ADS Driver
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ADS Roadmap
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Design philosophy

• Conservative design that doesnt push the
  technological capabilities
• Sacrifice length and transmission if needed

• Major design choices
• Fully normal conducting (in spite of NSC
  experience)
• RFQ frequency of 350 MHz
• RFQ current 30 mA and energy 3 MeV
• Standard DTL structure at 350 MHz

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Accelerator Development for Waste Transmutation
Phase I 20 MeV linac
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Ion source

• Parameters
• Energy 50 keV
• Frequency 2.45 GHz
• Current 60 mA
• Emittance 0.02 ?
• cm-mrad
• (normalized, RMS)

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RFQ Parameters
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RFQ EM design
MAFIA results
SUPERFISH results
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RFQ Beam Dynamics - I
PARMTEQM results
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RFQ Beam Dynamics - II
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RFQ Error analysis

• Specified tolerances
• Alignment 50 mm 5 mrad
• Input energy 0.5 keV
• Energy spread lt 1
• Power-supplies lt 1

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RFQ Thermal structural analysis
Coolant flow rates 4, 4, 4, 4 m/s, Coolant inlet
temp16, 16, 20, 20 deg
(b) Temperature at outlet 24 ? to 43? C

• Temperature at inlet 22 ? to 38? C
  

• Deflection at inlet Vane tip deflection 0.03 ?m
  Detuning 25 kHz
• Deflection at inlet Vane tip deflection 2.36 ?m
  Detuning -26 kHz

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RFQ Prototyping
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DTL Parameters
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DTL EM simulations
SUPERFISH simulations
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DTL Beam dynamics
PARMILA simulations
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Further studies

• Detailed EM studies of coupling in the RFQ
• Further 3D EM studies of the DTL
• Thermal structural studies of the DTL
• Issues of beam mismatch and halos

Work done till now is available in the form of a
preliminary design report.
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Part II SNS
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Spallation Neutron Source
Schematic of the Indian Spallation Neutron Source
that is presently under design
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Choice of Parameters
Optimizing final energy, injection energy and
repetition rate
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Cost optimization
(Rs. 1 crore Rs. 107 170,000 Euro)

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SNS Parameters

• Injection Energy 100 MeV
• Final Energy 1 GeV
• Repetition Rate 25 Hz
• Beam Power 100 kW

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RF driven multicusp H- Ion Source
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RFQ Design Parameters
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100 MeV DTL Design Parameters - 1
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100 MeV DTL Design Parameters - 2
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Linac RF System

• Designed in 1 MW modules, total 17 modules
• One module for RFQ and 16 for DTL
• RFQ operating at 350 MHz needs 750 kW RF power,
  615 kW loss 135 kW beam power
• Designed for 100 MeV, 25mA beam of 500 µs
  duration with 25Hz repetition
• Components of a module
• High power klystrons 1MW/2MW at 350 MHz
• Klystron pulse modulator
• Waveguide transmission system
• Driver amplifiers
• Low level electronics
• Safety interlocks, and supervisory control
  systems

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Proton Synchrotron Lattice
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Proton Synchrotron Parameters
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Summary

• We are planning to build the front-end (20 MeV,
  30 mA) of a proton driver for ADS, as well as a 1
  GeV, 100 kW SNS.
• As we enter a phase of rapid expansion of our
  capabilities and interests in accelerators and
  beams, we look forward to wider and deeper
  interaction with the international community
• India has been collaborating with CERN on the
  LHC first agreement signed in March 1991.
  Discussions are on with USA Japan (linear
  collider, etc.) and with Germany (GSI FAIR)