Internal Parasites

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Internal Parasites

• Roundworms
• Hookworms
• Whipworms
• Coccidia

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Roundworms

• Puppies and kittens can acquire large numbers of
  worms in utero and transmammary.
• These worms mature quickly and shedding of eggs
  can start as early as 3-4 weeks after birth
• Adult worms live in the small intestine
• Potential Zoonosis Visceral and ocular larval
  migrans in children

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Roundworm Symptoms

• Bloated abdomen
• Listless
• Poor hair coat
• Possible constipation
• With large numbers of worms you could get
  intestinal blockage or even perforation

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Roundworm Life Cycle

• In dogs younger than 6 months ingested eggs hatch
  in the intestine, migrate in the body and end up
  in the lungs. The larvae enter the lungs
  migrate out the trachea and are swollowed. They
  mature and cause infection in the small
  intestine.
• In dogs greater than 6 months the ingested eggs
  hatch and the larvae migrate in the tissue and
  from cysts. In pregnant females these cysts
  activate and go to the intestine an

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AscaridsRoundworms
Occasionally adult worms are passed In the stool
but diagnosis usually depends On detecting the
eggs in a fecal exam
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Diagnosis

• Fecal Flotation

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Fatal Ascarid InfectionPuppy
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Visceral and Ocular Larval Migrans
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Hook Worms

• Ancylostoma caninum
• Uncinaria stenocephaala
• Transcutaneous, transmammany and transplacental
  transmission possible

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Hookworm Symptoms

• Anemia
• Possible diarrhea, constipation or blood in the
  stool.
• Puppies can die several weeks after birth from
  transmammary acquired disease
• Transfusions may be necessary

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Hookworm Zoonosis
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Hookworm Egg
Strongile egg
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Cutaneous Larval Migrans
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Hookworm Zoonosis
Cutaneous larval migrans
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Hookworm/Roundworm

• Diagnose infection with fecal samples

Roundworm egg
Hookworm egg
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WhipwormsTrichuris vulpis

• Occur in Dogs
• Not Zoonotic
• Worms live the large bowel of dogs
• Inhabit the Cecum and if in large numbers also
  inhabit the Colon
• Symptoms are of a large bowel diarrhea
• Blood in stool, reddish brown feces
• These parasites have a prepatent period of 3
  months

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WhipwormTrichuris Vulpis
Lemon-shaped with Polar plugs Large bowel
diarrhea With blood and mucous Dx with fecal
exam
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WhipwormTrichuris Vulpis
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Whipworm/Roundworm

• Fecal Flotation to diagnose

Whipworm
Roundworm
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Zoonosis

• A serious animal/human issue

Hookworm Roundworm Hookworm
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CoccidiaDogs and Cats

• Isospora spp
• Acquired by eating a sporulated oocyst or an
  infected rodent.
• Unsanitary housing and crowding are factors in
  infection
• Symptoms Diarrhea frequently with blood
• Could be fatal in young kittens
• World wide occurrence

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Roundworm/Coccidia
Shapes are similar Coccidia are smaller
Dx by fecal exam In general carries a Good
prognosis
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CoccidiaEimeria, Isospora
Egg shaped Smaller than Roundworm eggs
Diagnosed by Fecal examination