Presentation by:

1
Basic Facts

• Presentation by
• Heather Etzel, Fourth Grade
• Alicia Fornal, Fifth Grade
• Adapted from presentation by
• Donn Hicks, Supervisor of Elementary Education,
  CCPS

2
Our Purpose

• To share and discuss strategies and activities
  that parents can use to help their children learn
  the basic number combinations.

3
Warm Up
Take 30 seconds to memorize this slide!

• A ?
• B ? ? ? ?
• C ? ?
• D ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
• E ? ? ? ? ? ?
• F ? ? ?

4
Which letter belongs in each box?
E

• B C
• D B
• C x F

F
E
5
Basic Fact Memorization What Does Research Show?

• Children who have a strong conceptual
  understanding of addition, subtraction,
  multiplication and division are more successful
  at memorizing their facts.
• When children have a firm conceptual foundation
  and can use fact strategies, memorizing facts
  becomes a matter of efficiency.

6
Building Number Concepts
Concrete Manipulatives
Pictorial Representation
Abstract Symbols
4 4 8 2 x 4 8
I I I I I I I I
?Significant time must be spent working with
concrete materials and constructing pictorial
representations in order for abstract symbol and
operational understanding to occur.
7
Benchmarks for Kindergarten

• Model addition by combining sets of concrete
  objects and describe the results using words and
  pictures
• Model subtraction by separating sets of concrete
  objects and describe the results using words and
  pictures

8
Benchmarks for First Grade

• Quick recall of all addition facts with addends
  to 10 and sums to 10
• Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts
  with minuends to 5
• minuend- subtrahend difference
• addend addend sum

9
Benchmarks for Second Grade

• Demonstrate quick recall of all addition facts
  with addends to 10 and sums to 15
• Demonstrate quick recall of all subtraction facts
  with minuends to 10

10
Benchmarks for Third Grade

• By the end of grade 3, students will have
• memorized all addition facts with addends to 10
  and sums to 18.
• memorized all subtraction facts with differences
  to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.
• memorized all multiplication facts up to and
  including the 5s table.

11
Benchmarks for Fourth Grade

• While in grade 4, students are expected to
• retrieve from memory all addition facts with
  addends to 10 and sums to 18.
• retrieve from memory all subtraction facts with
  differences to 10, minuends to 18 and subtrahends
  to 10.
• have memorized all multiplication facts up to and
  including the 10s table.
• have memorized all division facts with divisors
  to 10 and quotients to 10.

12
Benchmarks for Fifth Grade

• While in grade 5, students will be able to
  retrieve from memory
• all addition facts with addends to 10 and sums
  to 18.
• all subtraction facts with differences to 10,
  minuends to 18 and subtrahends to 10.
• all multiplication facts up to the 10's table.
• all division facts with divisors to 10 and
  quotients to 10

13

• ADDITION FACT STRATEGIES

14
Strategies to Support Fact Learning Addition

• Count on Used when adding zero, one, two or
  three
• 8 2 put the eight in your head and count on 2.
• Doubles- the addends are the same.
• 7 7 14
• Doubles 1 Think of your doubles fact and then
  add 1.
• 78 Think 7714 115

15
Strategies To Support Fact Learning Addition

• Turn Around Facts Commutative Property- The
  order of the addends does not affect the sum.
  437 347
• Make-Ten
• Knowing pairs of addends that equal ten
• 010 19 28 37 46 55
• So when you have a problem 85
• Think 8210 3

16

• SUBTRACTIONFACT STRATEGIES

17
Strategies To Support Fact Learning Subtraction

• Count BACK Strategy This strategy works best
  when subtracting 0,1,2,3.
• Ex 12-3 start from 12 and count back three
  11,10,9.
• Count UP Strategy- This strategy works best when
  subtracting two numbers that are close together.
  
• 11-83 Put 8 in your head and count up 9,10,11

18

• MULTIPLICATIONFACT STRATEGIES

19
Strategies To Support Fact LearningMultiplication

• Zero Rule- any number multiplied by zero is zero
• 5 x 0 0
• One Rule- the product is itself
• 6 x 1 6
• Two Rule- add the number to itself
• 8 x 2 8 8 16
• Three Rule- double the number, then add the
  number again
• 7 x 3 14 7 21

20
Strategies To Support Fact LearningMultiplication

• Four Rule- double the number twice.
• 6 x 4 12 12 24
• Silly Saying (Youve got to be 16 to drive a 4 x
  4)
• Five Rule- count by fives. Products will end
  with 0 or 5.
• 3 x 5 15 4 x 5 20 5 x 5 25
• Six Rule - think five groups of the number plus
  one more group. 6 x 7 5 x 7 7 42

21
Strategies To Support Fact Learning

• Seven Rule- memorize two facts
  7 x 7 49 and 7 x 8 56
• Brain hook..56 is 7 x 8Think 5..6..7..8
• Eight Rule- Memorize one fact 8 x 8 64
• Silly Saying
• (I ate and I ate until I got sick on the floor!)
• 8 8 6
  4

22
Strategies To Support Fact LearningMultiplication

• Nine Rule- subtract 1 from the number you are
  multiplying with nine. Then think.What should I
  add to that number to equal 9?
• 7 x 9 One less than 7 is 6. 6 ? 9
• 6 3 9 so the product is 63
• Ten Rule- put a zero on the number you are
  multiplying by.
• 9 x 10 90

23

• DIVISIONFACT STRATEGIES

24
Connect to Multiplication

• Fact Families Strategy - Can be used with all
  division facts.
• 
  

6 x 3 18 3 x 6 18 18 ? 6 3 18 ? 3 6
18
3
6
25
CCPS Website

• http//www2.carrollk12.org/instruction/elemcurric/
  math/parent.HTM
• Interactive Multiplication Games
• http//www.multiplication.com/interactive_games.ht
  m