The European Union

1
The European Union
2
Faire LEurope Cest Faire Le Paix Jean Monnet

• Jean Monnet

• Robert Shuman

3
Europe United

• The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC),
  1952
• The European Community (EC)
• Treaty of Rome (1957)
• Single European Act (1986) common market
• European Union (EU)
• Maastricht treaty (1992)-monetary union
• Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe
  (2004)

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Levels of Economic Integration

• Free Trade Area (FTA)
• North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
• Customs Union
• European Community before Single European Act
• MERCOSUR
• Common market
• European Community after Single European Act
  (1986) implemented
• Economic and monetary union
• European Union after Maastricht treaty (1992)
  implemented

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European Union Enlargement

• 1973 Britain, Ireland, Denmark (9)
• 1980s Greece, Portugal, Spain (12)
• 1994 Austria, Finland, and Sweden (15)
• 2004 8 CEE countries, Malta, and Cyprus (25)
• Bulgaria, Romania bid for 2007 membership
• Turkey, Croatia started membership negotiations

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European Institutions(Supranational Institutions)

• European Council
• Heads of States
• Council of Ministers
• Government officials/Ministers
• European Parliament
• Directly elected country representatives
• European Commission
• 25 commissioners, civil servants
• Directorates Generals Environment, Trade,
  Justice, External Relations, etc.
• European Court of Justice
• European Central Bank

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EU Legislation Case Study

• Directive 2001/80/EC limiting emissions of
  certain air pollutants large combustion plants
  (SO2, NOx, dust)
• European Commission
• 1997 Acidification Strategy
• Proposes directive to tighten emissions for power
  plants
• Council of Ministers and European Parliament
  adopt directive in 2001
• European Commission monitors

8
ECJ Cassis de Dijon

• Germany bans import of Cassis de Dijon liqueur
• German import company Rowe-Zentral AG takes case
  to the ECJ
• Precedent for the mutual recognition principle

9
European Budget

• Total (2005) 106bn Euros
• Agriculture (46)
• with the amount of EU agricultural subsidies you
  can fly every EU cow across the Atlantic first
  class
• Regional and Structural Funds (30)
• Source http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/euro
  pe/04/money/html/other.stm