SCTE HDTV UPDATE

1
SCTE HDTV UPDATE

• SCTE
• South Florida
• January 19, 2005
• Steve DuChene
• Bright House Networks

2
Presentation Outline

• Today we will
• Define HDTV
• Discuss Advantages
• Display Types
• Connection Types
• Simple Connection
• Examples of Hardware/Products
• Our Challenges/Role as an Industry

3
Advantages of Digital Television

• Picture Quality
• Up to twice the Horizontal lines
• Over 4 times the pixels
• 169 Aspect Ratio
• More like a theatre
• Dolby 5.1 / AC3
• Realistic directional sound
• Data casting
• Enhanced usability/interactivity

4
High-Definition Television (HDTV) Hardware
Defined

• HDTV refers to a complete product/system with the
  following minimum performance attributes
• Receiver Receives ATSC terrestrial digital
  transmissions and decodes all ATSC video formats
• Display Scanning Format Has active vertical
  scanning lines of 720 progressive (720p), 1080
  interlaced (1080i), or higher
• Aspect Ratio Capable of displaying a 169 image
• Audio Receives and reproduces, and/or outputs
  Dolby Digital audio / AC3

5
HD-Ready vs. HD-Capable

• An HD-Ready set has an HDTV tuner/receiver built
  in
• An HD-Capable TV is prepared to accept the
  connection of an HDTV input from an external
  tuner/receiver or cable box

6
Available Configurations
7
Active Lines

• Scanning formats are measured in active lines of
  picture elements or pixels transmitted, both
  horizontal and vertical.
• The number of total pixels is calculated by
  multiplying the amount of vertical lines by the
  density of horizontal picture elements.
• For example, the 1920x1080 HDTV format has more
  than 2 million pixels. (1920 X 1080 2,073,600).
  Today's NTSC video only has a resolution of
  211,200 pixels (480 vertical lines and 440
  horizontal pixels).

8
18 - HDTV Scan Rates
9
Goal of Broadcasters

• Have every TV able to receive broadcast signals
  digital or analog
• Make the broadcast signal robust enough to be
  received by an in door antenna
• Add not only HDTV services but also additional
  video and data services to gain market share.

10
RF Transport Why is broadcast and cable
different ?

• 8-VSB 64 QAM 256QAM
• C/N needed 15-17dB 30-32dB 36-38dB
• Pay Load 19.3M/bit 27M/bit 37 M/bit
• Notes Tough as nails Tough
  Fragile
• Small Midsize
  Large Payload Payload
  Payload

11
New Rules for off air digital tuners took effect
July 1, 04

• Based on the FCC's DTV Tuner Phase-In Act adopted
  last summer, televisions and other electronic
  devices equipped with over-the-air analog
  reception technology must also be equipped with
  ATSC receivers.
• Televisions equipped with cable plug-and-play
  cards, arriving in stores now, must also have
  ATSC reception.

12
FCC Broadcast DTV Tuner Phase-in
Timetable

• July 1, 2004 50 percent of TVs 36 inches and
  above.
• July 1, 2005 100 percent of TVs 36 inches and
  above 50 percent of TVs 25-to-35 inches.
• July 1, 2006 100 percent of TVs 25 inches and
  above.
• July 1, 2007 100 percent of TVs 13 inches and
  above All other devices that receive broadcast
  television signals.

13
The ATSC's receiver performance guidelines
include these and other measurements.These are
not standardized yet.

• Sensitivity A transport stream bit-error rate of
  no worse than 3x10-6.
• Multi-Signal Overload Accommodation of more than
  one undesired high-level received NTSC and ATSC
  signal.
• Phase Noise Tolerance of phase noise levels at a
  threshold of visibility (TOV) of -80dBc/Hz at a
  20kHz offset from signal source.
• Selectivity Multiple thresholds for
  first-adjacent and co-channel rejection.
• Burst Noise Tolerance of a noise burst of at
  least 165ms duration and a 10 Hz repetition rate
  without visible errors.
• Multipath Multiple parameters
• Smart Antenna Interface

14
(No Transcript)
15
(No Transcript)
16
Sources of HDTV Programming

• The same as our sources now
• Satellite ( HD-net, Discovery HD, HBO, Showtime,
  TNT, others)
• Broadcast TV ( Main TV networks, ABC, NBC, PBS,
  UPN, others)
• All sources are digital in this part of the
  world, no analog

17
Channel Bandwidth Cable

• A full HDTV stream occupies about half the 6 MHz
  bandwidth at a data rate of about 12 to 14.0 Mbps
  on cable
• 2 HDTV streams can be placed onto one 6 MHz wide
  QAM-256 CATV carrier with a little room to spare.
  
• The same RF bandwidth can carry 10-12 SDTV
  digital streams. About 3.2 Mbps per/Ch

18
Channel Bandwidth Broadcast

• A full HDTV stream occupies about 66 of a 6 MHz
  channel at a data rate of about 12 to 14.0 bps.
• 1 HDTV stream can be placed onto one 6 MHz
  broadcast carrier with room for 2 SDTV streams.
• Up to 4 SDTV streams can be placed onto a 6 MHz
  wide broadcast carrier. Cable carries 2 for 1.
  You can mix both HD and SD formats.

19
Compare 43 to 169
HDTV offers a more cinematic picture
20
Picture Elements or Pixels
21
2 Ways of Making a Picture

• Interlaced Scan
• Each frame consists of two fields displayed in
  two passes.
• All odd lines are drawn, then even lines
• Progressive Scan
• All of the lines are drawn on the screen at once.

22
Interlaced
23
Progressive Scan
All Lines are drawn at once
24
Main Display Types

• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Direct View
• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
• Plasma Display
• CRT rear Projection
• LCD rear Projection
• LCD Front Projection
• DLP rear projection

25
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Direct View
This is a conventional television picture tube.
The picture is made by an electron beam focused
on phosphors to make light Benefits They are the
lowest cost and best picture quality Limitations
CRT TVs are very heavy They are limited to
around 36 to 40 inch picture size Large tube
sizes are very deep. Hard to move thru some
doors They can Burn In with bars
26
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
A flat panel display driven by a transistor
network Benefits They are thinner lighter and
sleeker than CRTs They need no convergence They
are immune to burn in Limitations Limited
viewing angles and contrast ratios They are
limited to around 30 inch picture size but larger
ones are coming soon They are more costly
27
Plasma Display Panels
A flat panel display with gas chambers for each
pixel Benefits Large viewing angles They need no
convergence They come in large picture
sizes Limitations Limited black levels and
contrast ratios They are very costly They will
burn in
28
CRT Rear Projection
Three small CRTs in a self-contained
television Benefits They are cost effective and
offer high performance. May be the best value in
large size TVs They come in large picture
sizes Limitations Limited viewing angles They do
require convergence They will burn in
29
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Rear Projection
A flat panel display driven by a transistor
network with a high-intensity light passed
through it. Benefits They are lighter than CRTs
and can have large screen sizes They need no
convergence. They are immune to burn
in Limitations Limited viewing angles and
contrast ratios Light source has a about 2500
hour expected life. This is one to two years
depending on use. It can be easily replaced.
30
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Front Projection
A flat panel display driven by a transistor
network with a high-intensity light passed
through it. Benefits They can have the largest
screen sizes They need no convergence. They are
immune to burn in Limitations Limited viewing
angles and contrast ratios Light source has a
about 2500 hour expected life. This is one to two
years depending on use. It can be easily
replaced. Ambient light needs to be controlled.
They are not bright with large screen sizes
31
DLP projection (Texas Instruments)
A custom mirrored panel driven by a transistor
network with a high-intensity light reflected off
of it. It is partly mechanical Benefits They
can have large screen sizes They need no
convergence. They are immune to burn
in Limitations Limited viewing angles Light
source has a about 2500 hour expected life. This
is one to two years depending on use. It can be
easily replaced. Relatively new technology just
arriving to the market in large numbers it
looks very good
32
Types of Connections

• Y Pb Pr Analog Component Video
• Y Pb Pr H V ACV with H V Sync (auto sense)
• GBR H V True RGB H V Sync
• DVI Digital Visual Interface
• HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface
• (Backwardly compatible to DVI)
• IEEE 1394 Firewire
• UGA/XGA Computer Video

33
Types of Connections
Analog Component Video (ACV)
34
RGB plus H V Sync
35
DVI
36
DVI-D
DVI-I
37
HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface HDMI
is fully compatible with DVI (Digital Visual
Interface)
38
Firewire Connector
39
UGA/XGA (PC-RGB) to YPbPr
40
Making the Connection

• Very Simple
• Connect YPbPr Video Cable
• Connect Audio Cables
• Connect AC3 if A/V Receiver Present
• Test chosen input for picture on HDTV channel
• Configure input through TV menu
• Educate
• Finished!

41
Set Top Box to an HDTV
42
(No Transcript)
43
TV Menu Examples
44
On Screen Menu
45
42" Plasma EDTV/Multimedia Display Monitor
46
Hardware Examples- (Jack Packs)

• What you may see behind a new TV or monitor

47
Magnavox HDTV
48
(No Transcript)
49
(No Transcript)
50
Multiple Exclusive Video Input Options
51
Plasma HDTV Monitor
52
Our Biggest Challenge

• Customer Education
• Expect very little support from retail TV outlets
• Expect few others to understand the technology
  for some time

53
We will have to educate.

• Many customers are not yet familiar with the 169
  aspect ratio
• Most have difficulty understanding the necessity
  to switch inputs for different aspect ratios
  and/or sources
• People want the entire screen covered
• Television menus and manuals are complex and a
  last resort for most
• CATV is currently the best source for HDTV

54
Two aspect ratios for TV many more for movies

• Customers do not understand aspect ratio.

55
Cinema Aspect Ratios HDTV is 1.77
56
169 HD-Ready HDTV
57
(No Transcript)
58
or a 43 HD Capable" Television
59
(No Transcript)
60
or A 43 TV With a Vertically Stretched or
Centered Picture
61
We are in Transition

• Eventually all televisions (and maybe PC
  monitors) will be 169 aspect ratio
• Eventually all televisions will have HDTV tuners
  designed and built in
• Expect it to take years for customers to replace
  existing TVs

62
Projected HDTV Sales (Consumer Electronics
Association)
63
(No Transcript)
64
Basic Customer Ed

• Familiarize With Input Select
• Explain which channels (and how many) are HDTV
  channels
• Explain side/top mask bars- purpose
• Explain that most viewing will still be SDTV on
  another input
• Keep the manual handy

65
References

• http//www.1394ta.org
• http//www.atsc.org
• http//web-star.com
• http//www.howstuffworks.com/dtv.htm
• http//www.pbs.org/digitaltv/
• http//www.pbs.org/opb/crashcourse/
• http//www.cablelabs.com/
• http//www.thomson.net/gb/02/0211.htm
• http//www.zenith.com/tradeshows.html
• http//www.dolby.com/tech/
• http//www.cpb.org/digital/tv/
• http//www.ddwg.org/
• http//www.sony.com

66
Thank you for attending!!!
The End.