S.A.F.E. Consulting, LLC

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• S.A.F.E. Consulting, LLC
• www.safeplans.net
• 866-210-SAFE
• All Hazards Emergency Preparedness Solutions

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All Hazards School Safety

• If we are to develop all hazards plans, we must
  truly prepare for all hazards.
• This includes terrorism.

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Terrorism Defined

• Terrorism is defined in the U.S. by the Code of
  Federal Regulations as "..the unlawful use of
  force and violence against persons or property to
  intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian
  population, or any segment thereof, in
  furtherance of political or social objectives."
• (28 C.F.R. Section 0.85)

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Terrorism
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Cockpit Safety

• The head of the Federal Aviation
  Administration announced today that his agency
  would soon propose a rule requiring airlines to
  place a bulletproof shield around pilots to
  protect them.Until now, the airlines have
  followed the wishes of hijackers to provide
  maximum assurances that no one would be hurt.
• New York Times Article

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Cockpit Safety

• Eastern Airlines 1970
• John Devivo barges into the cabin of the plane
  brandishes a handgun and order the pilots to fly
  until the plane runs out of fuel. A struggle
  ensues and Devivo shoots Captain Robert Wilbur
  and Co-Polit James Hartley. Though shot, Wilbur
  is able to land the plane safely.

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Cockpit Safety

• Delta Airlines 1974
• Samuel Byck, armed with a handgun and gasoline
  bomb shot his way onto a Delta jet at Baltimore
  International Airport.
• He killed a security officer and shot the pilot
  before police shot him.
• His plan was to crash the plane into the
• White House

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Cockpit Safety

• 1986
• David Burke stormed the cockpit of a jetliner
  over San Diego and shot both pilots.
• He crashed the plane into the ground.
• All 43 people on board died.

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Cockpit Safety

• Federal Express 1994
• Fed-Ex employee named Auburn Calloway attacked
  the Fed-Ex pilots with two hammers.
• Even though seriously injured, the pilot and
  co-pilot land the plane.
• Calloways plan was to kill the pilots and crash
  the plane.

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Cockpit Safety

• Air France 1994
• Members of a fanatical terror squad known as the
  Armed Islamic Group took over an Air France
  jetliner.
• The hijackers were killed by French commandos who
  stormed the plane while it was on the ground for
  refueling.
• Their plan was to fly the plane into the
• Eiffel Tower.

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International Terrorism as it relates to schools.

• The best indicator of what may happen here is
  what our enemies have done elsewhere.
• Recent events.

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International Terrorism

• Beslan, Russia
• September 1st, 2004
• Secondary School
• At Least 15 Attackers
• Automatic Weapons
• Explosives
• Over 350 Dead

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Luxor Massacre

• Luxor, Egypt
• Islamic Extremists
• Multiple Attackers
• Non-Military, Non-Government Target

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Domestic Terrorism in regards to schools

• While the attacks do not necessarily meet the
  definition, our schools have been subject to
  terrorist style attacks for several years.

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Recent acts of terror in our schools
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Domestic Terrorist?
Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold
Luke Woodham
Andrew Golden and Mitchell Johnson
Kip Kinkel
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Current trends

• The school year just ending was one of the
  deadliest in years, according to preliminary data
  showing 48 school-related violent deaths from
  August through June. That's more than in the past
  two school years combined and more than in any
  year in the past decade.
• (USATODAY 28 June 2004)

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Our Nations Schools

• Over 53 million students (K-12)
• Approximately 100,000 schools
• (Ranging in size from less than 100 to over
  5,000 students)
• Approximately 15,000 school districts
• (ranging in size from under 100 students to
  over 1 million)

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The objective

• Whether political, religious or personal, the
  goal of these killers is to gain the maximum
  notoriety for their act.

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S.A.F.E.s philosophy

• To combat this new style of killer, we must
  implement meaningful security in our schools.
• If implemented properly, these procedures will
  accomplish two things
• Mitigate risks
• Reduce anxiety

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Focus Areas

• S.A.F.E.s experience shows five main areas need
  to be addressed to help schools mitigate risks
• Risk Driven Emergency Planning
• Realistic Training
• Access to Incident Management Data
• Threat Assessment Capabilities
• Security Related Equipment

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Risk Driven Planning
How Our Schools Prepare

• FIRE

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Emergency Plans

• Every school has a plan, but most do not address
  key areas such as
• Incident Command/Management
• Different Levels of Lockdown
• Multiple Rally Points for Evacuation
• Secondary Attacks Countermeasures
• Exterior Haz-Mat Release Shelter in Place
• Reverse and Running Evacuations
• Contagious Disease Exposure
• Extra-curricular Events
• Non-secure Areas for Lockdown

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Lockdown
Excerpt from Bowling for Columbine
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Emergency Planning

• District
• Emergency Operations Procedures
• Emergency Management Team
• Emergency Operations Center
• School
• Emergency Response Plans
• Crisis Team
• Command Post

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Target Hardening

• Every school should have a plan in place to
• Enhance Exterior Security
• Example Restrict outdoor activity
• Enhance Interior Security
• Example Increase staff during meal periods
• Enhance District/School Policy
• Example Ensure adequate emergency supplies
  are on hand

Target Hardening
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Resources

• In order to implement enhanced security
  procedures, schools need to draw upon community
  resources.
• Public Safety
• S.R.O.s , Satellite Offices, Parking
• Parents
• Volunteers

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Incident Command System (ICS)

• What is the ICS?
• Created by FEMA, the ICS is modular command and
  control emergency management system that
  encourages communication between entities and
  delegation authority in managing any level of
  incident.

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ICS Core Priorities

• Protect lives
• Contain the incident
• Protect Property
• Recovery Operations

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ICS the School District
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ICS Schools

• Facility Leader vs. Incident Commander
• Responsibilities

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Incident Management Schools
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Training

• An untrained and untested emergency plan is
  little more than theory.

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Training
Basic Concepts Emergency Response
Basic Concepts Emergency Response Emergency
Management Threat Assessment
Basic Concepts Emergency Response Emergency
Management Threat Assessment I.C.S.
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Realistic Training

• Why Exercise?
• Exercises are conducted to evaluate an
  organizations capability to execute its
  emergency plans.

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Emergency Response
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Access to Critical Site Data

• Providing pertinent facility information such as
  on-site video, floor plans, G.P.S. tracking data,
  escape routes, hazardous materials locations, and
  rally points to emergency response personnel
  greatly reduces response to action time.

Response to action time
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Site Data PlansInformation public safety needs
to respond faster safer!
Interactive Intelligent floor plans.
GPS Tracking Data 35.56296 North 93.16941
West Elevation 547 ft
Photograph
Floor Plan Data -Exit Locations -Evacuation
Routes -Shelter Areas -Digital Imagery -GPS
Tracking Data
Video Clip
Video Clip
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Site Data PlansGIS Data-Area Maps

• Aerial Photographs
• Rally Points
• Staging Areas
• Decon Sites
• Triage Sites
• Hospitals
• C.P. Locations
• GPS Tracking Data

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Threat Assessment

• If you cannot imagine a crime, you cannot hope
  to prevent it.
• Targeted violence is the end result of an
  understandable, and often discernable process.
• Dr. Randy Borum
• United States Secret Service

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What is Threat Assessment?
Gavin DeBecker Threat Assessment Expert Author of
The Gift of Fear
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Threat Assessment Programs

• Teachers must be trained to recognize and report
  pre-incident indicators
• Schools must have a formal reporting process
• Counselors and administrators must be involved in
  the threat assessment program
• Threat assessment team is a district asset

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Pre-Incident Indicators
A sullen life style gripped with pain The
feeling of murder The heat of hate and the love
of death.
Barry Loukaitis
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Observable Behavior

• Sinking into bed
• Homicidal feelings fill my head
• Suicidal thoughts not gone but not fleeing
• Because it is other peoples death Im Seeing
• Suicide or Homicide
• Homicide or Suicide
• Into sleep Im sinking
• Why me I am thinking
• Homicidal and suicidal thoughts intermixing
• I know my lifes not worth fixing.

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Security Measures
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Security related arguments
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Security Related Equipment
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Levels of Entry Control
What you have (ID Badge)
What you know (P.I.N.)
Who you are (Biometrics)
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Entry Control

• Entry or access control systems can incorporate
  magnetic locking mechanisms, allowing for
  immediate facility lockdown.

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CCTV
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CCTV

• Linking or channeling a networked CCTV to a
  secure site allows for remote access, providing
  public safety and district administrators with
  real time intelligence.

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Duress Alarms
Pager device Sensing unit Console
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Duress Alarms

• These alarms can pinpoint where assistance is
  needed. Overlaying the signals origin onto a
  site map expedites emergency response.

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Metal Detectors
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Metal Detectors
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-5
5
10
Minutes
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Multiple Benefits

• In addition to increased physical security,
  schools that utilize community based security,
  implement stricter access control and utilize
  video surveillance in public areas of the school
  will see a decrease in everyday problems such as
  bullying, drug use, vandalism and truancy.

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Security Measures Can Also

• Reduce violence and gang activity with
• Cameras.
• Duress alarms.
• Parental/Community volunteers on campus
• Law enforcement on campus.
• Access Control Systems.

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Security Measures Can Also

• Reduce Vandalism
• Law enforcement on campus.
• 8-foot fencing.
• Well-lit campus at night.
• Interior intrusion detection sensors.
• Cameras

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Security Measures Can Also

• Reduce Theft Through
• Interior intrusion detection sensors.
• Parental/Community volunteers on campus.
• Cameras
• Key Control
• Reinforced doors.
• Restricting access to rooftops
• Law enforcement on campus.

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Security Measures Can Also

• Reduce Drugs Alcohol Abuse by
• Monitoring Exit/Entry to School
• Parental/Community Volunteers on Campus
• Clear or Mesh Backpacks
• Mesh Front Lockers
• No Access to Vehicles

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A Fact of Life

• Increased security has been and will continue to
  be a fact of life in this county. Too often,
  these security measures are implemented only to
  reduce anxiety and offer little or no protection.

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The Numbers

• Concerns of acts of international terrorists
  aside, if just one student in a million commits
  an attack, there would be 53 acts of terror is
  our schools every year.
• Every attack diminishes the publics trust and
  erodes the effectiveness of our schools.

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The Importance of Preparedness

• Emergency response is a product of
  preparedness. On the morning of September 11,
  2001, the last best hope for the community of
  people working in or visiting the World Trade
  Center rested not with national policymakers, but
  with private firms and local public servants,
  especially the first responders fire, police,
  emergency medical service and building safety
  professionals.
• (The 9/11 Commission Report, page 278)

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Security is never convenient
S.A.F.E. Consulting, LLC P.O. Box
105995 Jefferson City, MO 65110 866-210-SAFE www.s
afeplans.net info_at_safeplans.net All Hazards
Emergency Preparedness Solutions