FTP

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FTP Downloading Programs and Data

• The First Section of
• The Internet Texts
• Chapter Six

Joanne Ronsivalli, Instructor
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Understanding File Transfer Protocol (F.T.P.)

• Using an e-mail attachment is one way to transfer
  files, however, this method is restricted. You
  can only attach a limited file size or certain
  file types (i.e. executable files may not be
  accepted because of the threat of viruses).
• FTP is the Internet protocol that transfers files
  between computers that are connected to the
  Internet. This transfer method does not carry
  any limitations.

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File Transfer Protocol

• FTP is a service built into supported by the
  Internet suite of protocols.
• FTP is a method of accessing another computers
  hard drive to which you connect via the Internet
• When you send a file using FTP, you upload the
  file from your computer, which is called the
  local computer to the FTP site, which is called
  the remote computer.

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File Transfer Protocol (cont.)

• In some cases you can only read (view) the files
  in other cases you can read and edit the files.
• You can send most any file type when using FTP
  including spreadsheets, pictures, video, MP3,
  program and text files.

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More About FTP Programs

• When you want to download or upload files, you
  connect to a remote computer and request that the
  server receive files from you or you transfer
  files from the remote computer to your computer.
  
• FTP is operating-system neutral.

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Additional Info.

• Some computer systems provide public access to
  their computers, which means anyone can connect
  to the site and download some of the files.
• There are two file transfer methods that FTP uses
  to transfer filesASCII and Binary

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Transferring Files The Two Different Modes To
Transfer Them

• ASCII text contain symbols typed from the
  keyboard but does not include any nonprintable
  binary code (i.e. Web pages and e-mail messages).
  
• Binary include pictures, movies, sound files,
  graphics, and files that contain text that has
  been bolded or italicized.

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Two FTP Transmission Modes

• ASCII
• Binary

• The decision to transfer a file using binary or
  ASCII mode is determined by noting a file's type.
  The file extension (last three characters
  followed by the period in the filename)
  determines the transmission mode.

• Any file with the extension .txt, .html, or
• .htm needs ASCII mode
• For other file types, you should use
• Binary FTP mode.

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There are Two Types of FTP Access

• Full-Privilege FTP
• Anonymous FTP

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Type 1 The Full-Privilege FTP program

• This style requires you to have a FTP editor that
  resides on your computer and an account with the
  server that is hosting the files you would like
  to access.
• The account consists of a username and a
  password.

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Here is a Sample Of A FTP Editor That Is Used
For Full-Privilege Access
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Full-Privilege FTP

• Logging on to a remote computer via an FTP editor
  in which you have an account to send and receive
  files is called Full-Privilege FTP.
• Web sites can be altered only if you have access
  to the files using the correct user name and
  corresponding password. Of course, anyone can
  read your Web page code, but no one can change
  any of it without full-privilege FTP access.

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Features Of FTP Editors

• Provides multipane displays so you can see both
  the local and remote computer directories
  simultaneously.
• Allows you to transfer many files in one FTP
  session.
• Permits drag drop file transfer so you can drag
  a file from one pane (the remote computer) and
  drop it into the other pane (the local computer).

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FTP Editor Features (cont.)

• Displays a familiar and comfortable Windows
  Explorer style appearance for both the local and
  remote computers.

• Allows you to set up scheduled file transfers for
  future times so selected files can be transmitted
  automatically at a designated future date and
  time.

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FTP Editor Features (continued again)

• Gracefully recovers from interrupted file
  transfers by continuing from the point where the
  transfer was interrupted.
• Are easy to use--they have menus, toolbars, and
  help files to simplify the connecting and
  transferring files process.

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Type 2 Anonymous FTP

• There are many computers connected to the
  Internet that allow the pubic to download files
  via their browsers built-in FTP editor.
• Connecting to an anonymous FTP site is done via a
  Web browser and typing in the URL for the site.
  The URL will begin with ftp// instead of http
• .

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Type 2 Anonymous FTP (cont.)

• The user name anonymous is typed in by the user
  or is supplied by the browser.
• A password is not needed to access the files.

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Anonymous FTP Using a Web Browser

• If you need to access a site that has
  full-privilege rights then you cannot use a Web
  browser and must instead use an FTP editor

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How Do You Download a File Using Anonymous FTP ?

• Open the Browser
• Type in the ftp address in the browsers address
  bar. This address will start with ftp// rather
  than http
• Follow the instructions provided.

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Why Use One Type Over The Other ?

• You can use either an FTP Full-Privilege (called
  a FTP client program) or your Web browser to
  access FTP sites.
• FTP client programs have advantages over Web
  browsers.
• FTP client programs download files faster than a
  Web browser.
• Web browsers can corrupt the transferred files.
• Web browsers do not permit uploading of files to
  ftp sites

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Downloading Files

• You can use either style of FTPs to download
  free programs, data files, and software patches
  (programs that correct known problems in a
  particular application) from many different
  sites.

• Many software vendors use the Internet to
  distribute and sell new software releases that
  when purchased via credit card can be downloaded
  directly to your computer.

22
File Utility Programs

• Internet files of all types are frequently stored
  in compressed form, which is a file that has been
  saved in a special format that makes its file
  size smaller to conserve space and shorten
  download time.

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A Look at Compressed Files

• Compressed files use less space when stored and
  take less time to transmit from one computer to
  another.
• You can compress a file so that it is reduced to
  a fraction of its original size. However, you
  must restore the file to its original form before
  you can open or execute it.

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A Look At Compressed Files

• Most common compressed file is a zip file.
• Widely used file compression programs are WinZip
  and PKZIP.
• After a compressed (zipped) file has been
  downloaded it must be decompressed (unzipped) and
  restored to its original state before you can
  open it.

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Uploading Files
You can upload one or more files to another host
computer, share it with the world, or provide
private copies to an individual.

• If your file is large, or you want to combine
  several files into one file, then you should
  compress the files before uploading them.
• Web browsers have difficulty uploading files, but
  you can do so by adding the file as an attachment
  to an e-mail. This method, however, is not
  recommended.

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In Conclusion

• FTP is a program used to transfer files
• There are two types of FTP access styles
• Full-Privilege (requires a FTP editor, a password
  a username)
• Anonymous FTP (used mainly for downloading files
  via a Web browser)