Web Transactions on Handheld with Less Tears

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Web Transactions on Handheld with Less Tears
Jalal Mahmud, Zan Sun, Saikat Mukherjee, I.V.
Ramakrishnan
Department of Computer Science State University
of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook, NY 11794
Siemens Corporate Research Princeton, NJ 08540
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Motivating Example
Buying CD player from Bestbuy.com
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Motivating Example

• Step 1 Go to Bestbuy.com

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Motivating Example
Step 2 Fill Search Form (with CD player as
Search item)
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Motivating Example
Step 3 Review the search results
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Motivating Example
Step 4 Review Product Details
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Motivating Example
Step 5 Review Shopping Cart
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Web Transaction

• Objective is to accomplish a task
• Examples
• - Buying a CD player from Bestbuy
• - Paying utility bills online
• Characteristics
• A sequence of steps (like buying a CD player fom
  Bestbuy as shown previously)
• Each step is based on user-selected operation

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Web Transaction on Handheld
User needs to do a lot of scrolling to get to the
relevant content
Relevant Content
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Web Transaction on Handheld
Fundamental Problem
Information Overload

• Causes Strenuous strain on users when doing web
  transactions.

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Defining Problem
Filter away irrelevant content and only present
relevant content
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Our Approach

• Two aspects to a web transaction

• Semantic Concepts

• Captured by a shallow Ontology

• Operation Sequence

• Captured by a Process Model

• Process Model will only present the relevant
  semantic concept at every step

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Semantic Concepts
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Operations on Semantic Concepts
item_select
Item List
select_item_category
Item Taxonomy
show_item_detail
Item Detail
update_cart
Edit Cart
continue_shopping
Continue Shopping
check_out
Check Out
add_to_cart
Add to Cart
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Process Model
SEARCH FORM CONCEPT
submit_searchform
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item_select
TAXONOMY CONCEPT
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Process Model
item_select
select_item_category
1
submit_searchform
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Process Model
SEARCH FORM CONCEPT
submit_searchform
item_select
SEARCH RESULT CONCEPT
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Process Model
item_select
item_select
1
submit_searchform
add_to_cart
select_item_category
2
submit_searchform
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Process Model
1 - START STATE
add_to_cart
6 - FINAL STATE
show_item_detail
add_to_cart
check_out
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4
item_select
item_select
view_shoppingcart
item_select
select_item_category
submit_searchform
Submit_searchform
1
6
check_out
add_to_cart
submit_searchform
check_out
select_item_category
2
5
submit_searchform
view_shoppingcart,
update_shoppingcart
continue_shopping
Model-driven transaction for buying CD player
from BestBuy
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Process Model
1 - START STATE
add_to_cart
6 - FINAL STATE
show_item_detail
add_to_cart
check_out
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4
item_select
item_select
view_shoppingcart
item_select
select_item_category
submit_searchform
Submit_searchform
1
6
check_out
submit_searchform
add_to_cart
check_out
select_item_category
2
5
submit_searchform
view_shoppingcart,
update_shoppingcart
continue_shopping
Model-driven transaction for buying CD player
from BestBuy
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Concept Extraction
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Guide-O System Putting It All Together
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Evaluation

• Quantitative Evaluation
• Recall/Precision for Process Model
• Recall for Concept Extraction
• Guide-O-Mobile Performance

• Qualitative Evaluation (User Experience)
• Guide-O System

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Evaluation Results
Process Model

• Built using Automata learning techniques
• Training data
• Over 200 transaction sequences collected from
  over 30 sites
• Recall / Precision
• 90 / 96 for Books domain
• 86 / 88 for Consumer Electronics domain
• 84 / 92 for Office Supplies domain

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Evaluation Results
Concept Extraction

• Developed a statistical model for each concept
  using machine learning techniques
• Training data
• Used labeled concepts from over 100 pages
  collected from two dozen sites

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Evaluation Results
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Guide-O System Evaluation Experimental Set-Up

• Core Guide-O System
• 1.2 GHz desktop with 256 MB RAM
• Guide-O-Mobile
• Client-Server Model
• Client 400 MHz iPaq with 64 MB RAM
• Server Core Guide-O System
• Evaluation
• Over two dozen CS graduate students
• Over 30 web sites spanning Books, Consumer
  Electronics and Office Supplies domains

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Evaluation Results
Pages Explored
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Evaluation Results
Pages Explored (Standard Deviation)
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Evaluation Results
Guide-O-Mobile Overall Time Performance
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Evaluation Results
Guide-O-Mobile Overall Time Performance with
standard deviation
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Evaluation Results
Guide-O-Mobile Interaction Time
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Evaluation Results
Guide-O-Mobile Interaction Time Performance with
standard deviation
Standard Deviation
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Qualitative Evaluation Of Guide-O System
C - Concept Related Question S - System Related
Questions
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Related Work

• Web Services
• Composition of Web Service. eg. Agarwal et. al,
  Chen et. al, Rao et. al.
• Semantic Analysis of Web content.
• Web page partitioning for adapting content on
  small screen devices, e.g Garcia et.al, Chen et.
  el.
• Constrained Modality Web Access
• Better web access for small screen devices. e.g.
  Garcia et. al, Yang et. al, Yin et. al.

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Conclusion

• Future research will focus on extensive usability
  studies of Guide-O Mobile interfaces.
• Extensive evaluation on different domains
• Integration of our framework with Web services
  standards is an interesting problem.

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Questions??

• Thank You!