C leveland E nvironmental C enter

1
C leveland E nvironmental C
enter
CHRIS LUTJEN

• A HIGH PERFORMANCE HVAC VENTILATION SYSTEM

KENT STATE UNIVERSITY SAED PROFESSOR
ADIL SHARAG-ELDIN Ph.D. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
III
2
WHERE AND WHAT IS IT?

• Built in 1918 as a bank
• Four floors plus a lower level
• In Ohio City on the near west
• side of Cleveland
• Renovation by Doty and
• Miller Architects

3
WHAT IS SO INTERESTING?

• HIGH PERFORMANCE HVAC
• AND VENTILATION SYSTEM
• - Individually monitored heating and cooling
• - Energy Recovery Ventilation Systems
• - Infrared carbon dioxide sensors
• - Geothermal system
• EXPERIMENT CONTROL LOWER LEVEL
• - Mostly unoccupied shared conference rooms
• EXPERIMENT VARIABLE MEZZANINE
• - Occupied with constant user access to
  thermostats

4
THERMAL COMFORT

• FACTORS AFFECTING
• - Metabolism
• Activity level (met)
• Clothing (clo)
• Season (outdoor temperature)
• Individual perception

VENTILATION AND IAQ

• FACTORS AFFECTING
• Chemical, physical, and biological contaminants
• CARBON DIOXIDE
• - Threshold levels depend on physical activity
  and outdoor
• airflow rate

5
WHAT ARE THE STANDARDS?

• ASHRAE
• - Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human
• Occupancy - ASHRAE 55a-1995
• Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air
• Quality - ASHRAE 62-2001
• U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
• - LEED Rating System Version 2.1
• - Ratings from Certified to Platinum

6
WHATS THE PROBLEM?

• HYPOTHESIS
• The standard deviation between measurements of
  temperature levels in the occupied areas of the
  building will be higher than the standard
  deviation of the temperature level in the
  unoccupied and common areas.

7
HOW WILL THIS BE ACCOMPLISHED?

• RESEARCH METHODS
• 1. Located individual HVAC zones each with
  individual thermostat and carbon dioxide
  sensor
• 2. Plot other locations to cover floor area
• 3. Readings with IAQ-CALC Meter
• - Temperature (farenheit)
• - Carbon Dioxide (ppm)
• 4. Distribute survey

8
LOWER LEVEL
9
MEZZANINE
10
FIRST VISIT LOWER LEVEL
11
FIRST VISIT - MEZZANINE
12
SECOND VISIT LOWER LEVEL
13
SECOND VISIT - MEZZANINE
14
RESULTS

• FIRST VISIT Hypothesis supported
• Standard deviation lower level ?
  .77
• mezzanine? 1
• SECOND VISIT Hypothesis disproved
• Standard deviation lower level ?
  .7
• mezzanine? .54
• SURVEY The occupant adjustment of the
  thermostats was varied.
• Most listed their thermal
  environment as neutral, and
• marked the conference room as being
  slightly more
• uncomfortable than their
  workstations.

15
CONCLUSION

• FORMULATION OF A NEW HYPOTHESIS
• As the weather moves seasonally towards an ideal
  thermal comfort level the fluctuations inside the
  consistently occupied areas will be less.