Power

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Bases of Power

• Reward
• Coercive
• Legitimate
• Expert
• Referent

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Position vs. Personal Power

• POSITION
• Legitimate
• Reward
• Coercive
• Information

• PERSONAL
• Referent
• Expert
• Persuasive
• Charisma

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Dependence Theory of Power

• Important
• Scarce
• Nonsubstitutable

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Resource Dependency Model
Important Resources
Production Department
Accounting Department
Marketing Department
Unimportant Resources
Resources Needed
Resources Controlled
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Strategic Contingencies Model
Capacity to reduce uncertainty
Sub-unit Power
High organizational centrality
Nonsubstitutable and indispensible activities
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Organizational Politics

• Politics Behaviour to influence, or attempt to
  influence the distribution of advantages and
  disadvantages within the organization.

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Why Do We Get Politics?

• Organizations are made up of groups and
  individuals who have differing values, goals and
  interests
• Resources in organizations are limited
• Performance outcomes are not completely clear and
  objective

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Factors Influencing Political Behaviour
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Political Tactics

• Blaming and attacking others
• Controlling access to information
• Cultivating a favourable impression
• Developing a base of support
• Aligning oneself with powerful others

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Politicking

• Frame arguments in terms of organizational goals.
  
• Develop the right image.
• Gain control of organizational resources.
• Make yourself appear indispensable.
• Be visible.
• Develop powerful allies.
• Avoid tainted members.
• Support your boss.

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Making Office Politics Work

• Nobody wins unless everybody wins.
• Dont just ask for opinionschange them.
• Everyone expects to be paid back.
• Success can create opposition.