HYGIENE

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HYGIENE

• Potter Perry
• Chapter26

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Hygiene The Science of Health

• Promotes cleanliness
• Provides for comfort and relaxation
• Improves self-image
• Promotes healthy skin
• Improves circulation

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Factors influencing hygiene practices

• Social practices
• Personal preferences
• Body image
• Socioeconomic status
• Health beliefs and motivation
• Cultural variables
• Physical condition

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Skin functions and nursing implications

• Protection
• Sensation
• Temperature regulation
• Excretion and secretion

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Feet and Nails

• Require special attention to prevent infection,
  odor and injury
• Foot pain may affect walking gait
• Normal healthy nail is transparent, smooth,
  convex with pink nail bed and white tip
• Disease can cause changes in shape, thickness and
  curvature

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Oral cavity and teeth

• Oral cavity lined with mucous membranes
• Oral mucosa is normally pink and moist
• Teeth are the organs of chewing
• Healthy teeth are white , smooth, properly
  aligned
• Regular oral hygiene is necessary to prevent gum
  inflammation and maintain integrity of tooth
  surfaces

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Hair, Eyes, Ears, and Nose

• Hair shaft is inert
• Hormonal and nutrient deficiencies cause changes
  in its color or condition
• Hygienic care of eyes, ears, and nose require
  careful attention
• Nurse takes care during cleaning of these tissues
  to prevent injury or discomfort to the client

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Nursing implications foreffective client hygiene

• Apply knowledge of physical assessment skills
• Identify clients hygiene needs and self- care
  ability
• Note cultural preferences and practices
• Apply principles of comfort and safety
• Determine developmental factors

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Nurses role in communicating proper hygiene

• Promoting therapeutic relationships
• Teaching and counseling
• Identifying barriers to therapeutic communication

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Nursing implications for effective client hygiene

• Assess physical condition
• Observe developmental changes
• Evaluate self-care ability
• Note cultural preferences and practices
• Apply principles of comfort and safety
• Maintain good communication

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Developmental changes Impact on Hygienic
Practices

• Skins condition
• Feet and nails
• Mouth and teeth
• Condition of hair
• Hearing, vision,smelling

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ImplementationBathing and skin care

• Bathe client daily unless contraindicated
• Use lotions to moisturize dry skin
• Provide privacy, maintain warmth and safety
• Tub or shower for clients with physical abilities
  intact
• Complete bed bath for clients who are dependent,
  require total hygienic care
• Partial bed bath involves bathing body parts that
  would cause discomfort or odor if left unattended

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Perineal care

• Client able to perform self-care should be
  allowed to do so
• Necessary for clients with secretions, Foley
  catheters and following childbirth or genital and
  rectal surgery
• Be alert for complaints of burning during
  urination, discharge, odors
• Good perineal care prevents skin breakdown and
  infection

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Nail and Foot care

• Inspect feet for lesions, dryness, signs of
  infection
• Soak and soften cuticles. Nails are trimmed
  straight across. (Check agency policy before
  doing this)
• Cleanse and dry feet thoroughly
• Older adults, clients with diabetes mellitus,
  peripheral vascular disease may require nail care
  from a podiatrist to reduce risk for infection

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Oral hygiene

• Instruct client to brush teeth after meals and at
  bedtime
• Flossing once daily is sufficient to remove
  plaque
• Protect unconscious client from choking during
  mouth care
• Nurse or caregiver provide denture care for
  clients with limited coordination

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Hair care

• Encourage client to maintain routine care
• Brush from scalp toward hair ends to minimize
  pulling
• Shampooing hair of bed- bound client may require
  a physicians order

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Shaving

• Nurse performs procedure if client is unable to
  shave self
• Electric razors for clients receiving
  anticoagulants or with bleeding disorders
• Request clients permission to shave off a beard
  or moustache

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Care of Eyes, Ears, Nose

• Cleanse eyes with clean washcloth moistened in
  water
• Exercise care in cleaning glasses.
• Determine if unresponsive client has contact
  lens in place, seek assistance in removing them
• Clean ear with moistened washcloth
• Remove nasal secretions with moist cotton- tipped
  applicator

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Clients room environment

• Maintain comfort and good ventilation
• Control noise level
• Proper lighting for clients comfort and safety
• Provide basic room equipment

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Questions?

• See you in NAL for bedmaking and other skills