Overview of PerformanceBased Navigation:

1
Overview of Performance-Based Navigation Area
Navigation (RNAV) and Required Navigation
Performance (RNP)
Presentation to Air Transport Safety-2007
Conference Moscow
Name Brian E. Staurseth FAA Senior
Representative - Russia and CIS U.S. Embassy
Moscow Date June 2007
2
Briefing Topics

• Evolution of Navigation
• What is Performance Based Navigation (PBN)?
• Definitions
• Area Navigation (RNAV)
• Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
• PBNs Contribution to Strategic Airspace
  Objectives
• Examples from the United States on Safety and
  Environment
• PBN in the Larger Airspace Context
• Performance Based Navigation ICAO Guidance

3
Roadmap for Performance-Based Navigation 2006-2025
Originally published in July 2003, the FAA
Roadmap for Performance-Based Navigation is
intended to assist aviation stakeholders in
understanding operational goals, determining
requirements, and considering future
investments. The Roadmap focuses on addressing
future efficiency and capacity needs while
maintaining or improving the safety of flight
operations by leveraging advances in navigation
capabilities on the flight deck. This revision
updates the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
and industry strategy for evolution toward
performance based Navigation (PBN)
4
Roadmap for Performance-Based Navigation 2006-2025
As with the first edition of the Roadmap, the FAA
has coordinated this update with the aviation
community through government-industry
forumsSince 2003 the FAA and its international
partners have collaborated extensively on
performance-based navigation standards and issues
through various forums such as the International
Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), EUROCONTROL,
and the North American Aviation Trilateral
(NAAT), as well as through a number of bilateral
partnerships.This updated Roadmap is intended
to be consistent with ICAO's development of a new
Performance-Based Navigation Manual, and reflects
some changes to achieve common international
operations.
5
Roadmap for Performance-Based Navigation 2006-2025
This Roadmap provides a high-level strategy for
the evolution of navigation capabilities to be
implemented in three timeframes near term
(2006-2010), mid term (2011-2015), and far term
(2016-2025). The strategy rests upon two key
navigation concepts Area Navigation (RNAV) and
Required Navigation Performance (RNP). It also
encompasses instrument approaches,
Standard Instrument Departure (SID) and Standard
Terminal Arrival (STAR) operations, as well as en
route and oceanic operations.The section on
far-term initiatives discusses integrated
navigation, communication, surveillance and
automation strategies.
6
Evolution of Navigation
Ground NAVAIDs
7
What is Performance Based Navigation (PBN)?

• Navigation based on system performance
  requirements for aircraft operating on a air
  traffic route, instrument approach procedure, or
  in a designated airspace
• Potential for aircraft to demonstrate
  requirements compliance through a mix of
  capabilities, rather than only specific equipment
• Regulators will not always need to write new
  compliance documents for new capabilities
• The two key components of PBN are
• Area Navigation (RNAV)
• Required Navigation Performance (RNP)

8
Definition Area Navigation (RNAV)

• RNAV is a method of navigation enabling aircraft
  to fly on any desired flight path
• within the coverage of referenced NAVAIDS, or
• within the limits of the capability of
  self-contained systems, or
• a combination of these capabilities
• RNAV operations achieve safety through a combined
  use of
• aircraft navigation accuracy,
• air traffic control intervention via
  surveillance, communications
• route separation

9
Definition Required Navigation Performance (RNP)

• RNP is RNAV operations with the added feature of
  on-board navigation performance monitoring and
  alerting
• RNP has the potential to allow lessened reliance
  on air traffic control intervention and/or route
  separation to achieve the overall safety of the
  operation

10
Role of On-Board Performance Monitoring and
Alerting
RNAV 2
2 Nautical Miles 95 of time
Track Centerline
2 Nautical Miles 95 of time
RNP 2
ALERT TO PILOT UNABLE RNP
Track Centerline
11
Performance Based Navigation in Context
Airspace System
COM
NAV
ATM
SURV
PBN
12
Strategic Objectives What Can PBN Help to
Achieve?
Safety
Capacity
Efficiency
Environment
Access
Airspace System
13
Performance-Based Navigation In All Phases of
FlightCurrent Implementations (Continental
Airspaces)
14
Safety Benefit RNP Authorization Required (AR)
Approach Palm Springs (KPSP)
Safety

• Replaces non-precision approach into a valley
  surrounded by mountainous terrain
• Safety enhanced, with guided, stabilized 3D
  path to runway
• Minima lowered by 1600 ft 2 miles

Minima 2300 (1900) -3
Minima 734 (300) - 1
15
Environment BenefitRNAV Departures, Atlanta
International (KATL)
Environment

• 90 of 1350 daily IFR departures RNAV capable
• Over 4,000 routine daily pilot/controller voice
  transmissions eliminated (40 to 50)
• Operator efficiency fuel savings
• Delta estimates 36M in annual savings
• Decreased taxi times
• Decreased departure delays
• East flow estimated average 2.6 min reduced delay
  1 million gal/year
• West flow estimated average 4.6 min reduced delay
  3 million gal/year
• Improved flight profiles
• Reduced distances
• 10 additional departure operations per hour

16
ICAO Guidance for Performance Based Navigation (1)

• Revised Document 9613Manual for Performance
  Based Navigation
• Includes detailed Navigation Specifications with
  airworthiness and operator guidance
• ICAO State Letter 27 April 2007 Technical
  Guidance in Volume II can be used now
• Procedure Design Guidance
• Document 8168 Vol II Procedures for Air
  Navigation Services Operations (PANS OPS)
• Routes, RNAV approaches
• RNP Approach with Authorization Required
• Stand Alone procedure design Manual for RNP (AR)
• Associated airworthiness and operator
  requirements (AR) in Doc 9613 Vol II,
  Navigation Specification for RNP AR Approach

17
ICAO Guidance for Performance Based Navigation (2)

• In order to assist States and operators with the
  implementation of PBN operations, ICAO will
  organize workshops in all regions of the world.

• Seminars will be a joint effort of HQ ICAO, FAA
  and EUROCONTROL
• Seminar proposed in Moscow in early 2008

18
ICAO RNP Study Group

• ICAO formed the RNP Special Operations
  Requirements Study Group (RNP Study Group) in
  December 2003 to address the many confusing
  usages of RNP and RNAV terms and concepts
• Members include Australia, Brazil, Canada,
  EUROCONTROL, France, Japan, United Kingdom,
  United States, IATA, ICCAIA, IFALPA
• RNP Study Group seeks global harmonization
  covering standards and terminology
• Revised concept known as Performance Based
  Navigation Concept (PBN) includes definitions of
  RNAV and RNP
• Group revised ICAO Doc 9613, RNP Manual
• Renamed Performance-Based Navigation Manual

19
ICAO Basic Elements of PBN Implementation (RNAV
or RNP)
20
The Key to Successful RNAV and RNP Implementation
21
Summary

• Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) is comprised
  of RNAV and RNP
• PBN can provide airspace capacity, efficiency,
  safety and access benefits
• But Navigation does not stand alone
  implementation must consider all aspects of
  CNS/ATM to achieve an Airspace Plan
• ICAO has revised Document 9613 (new title Manual
  for Performance Based Navigation)
• State Letter Standardized Navigation
  Specifications can be used now
• ICAO-FAA-EUROCONTROL Joint Seminars in all ICAO
  Regions
• Air Traffic and Regulator Agencies must work
  together and with aviation stakeholders in order
  to successfully implement

22
Please visit the FAAs RNAV RNP website
at http//www.faa.gov/ats/atp/rnp/rnav.htm
Thank you