Ryan

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Intense, Prolonged Exercise

• Ryan
• Blair
• Tina
• Katie

2

• The problem with society today is that most
  people are over weight. The experts say to
  simply exercise. However, exercise is good in
  some ways and bad in others. Today we are going
  to explain why intense, prolonged exercise is
  good for your body and bad for it as well.

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Sources of Fuel During Exercise

• Carbohydrate Reaction on pg. 729
• -Blood glucose
• -Muscle glycogen
• Carbohydrate snacks prior to an athletic event
  improves athletic performance. -It lowers blood
  glucose levels, raises insulin levels and
  increases the breakdown of glucose in muscle
  tissue.
• Explanation Glucagon (Hormone) activates the
  breakdown of glycogen in the liver and thus
  counteracts the effect of insulin (hormone) by
  raising the blood glucose levels.
• A study was done to see if a carbohydrate liquid
  would have an effect on athletic performance.
  The carbohydrate increased blood insulin levels
  at the beginning and during exercise, and
  decreased glucose levels at the beginning of
  exercise. So concluding, that drinking a
  carbohydrate beverage can improve athletic
  performance.

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Performing Intense, Prolonged Exercise.

• If you perform intense exercise you are at
  greater risk of infections, especially upper
  respiratory tract infections.
• Glutamine levels in your blood are lower after
  exercise.
• Athletes experience a 20 drop in plasma
  glutamine levels just 60 min. after completing a
  marathon.

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Do you need extra glutamine?

• Glutamine taken immediately after intense
  physical exercise could help reduce the risk of
  infection interfering with your training program.
• Also giving athletes branched-chain amino acids
  before prolonged intense exercise can prevent the
  decline in serum glutamine that normally occurs.
• Show reaction.. Pg 758.

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Glycolysis is Important.

• Without your muscles carrying glycolysis out, you
  could not do any athletic event.
• In Glycolysis, glucose is broken down inside your
  muscle cells. A chemical reaction occurs and you
  get pyruvic acid.
• Reaction
• Glucose 2Pi 2ADP 2NAD yields 2 pyruvate
  2ATP 2 NADH 2H H2O

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Bad things about intense, prolonged exercise.

• There is a significant reduction in respiratory
  endurance following exhaustive cycling tests due
  to fatigue in both diaphragmatic muscles.
• Intense endurance on six male athletes has been
  studied. All subjects became persistently
  fatigued, and plasma levels of testosterone
  decreased significantly.
• You also get suppression of sexual hormones and
  immunity.

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The good things on intense, prolonged exercise

• You will feel better through out the day.
• While doing work, you will have more confidence.
• You will not have problems falling asleep.
• Burns fat and calories.
• Immediate source of energy.

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Intense exercise causes buildup of lactate in
tissues.

• During intense exercise, the supply of oxygen to
  the muscles becomes very low, not enough to
  support aerobic conversion of pyruvate to acetyl
  CoA.
• Under these conditions, a shift happens from
  aerobic pyruvate oxidation to anaerobic
  production of lactate as the means of producing
  ATP.
• In resulting accumulation of lactate causes
  intense muscle pain and cramps that accompany
  physical exhaustion.
• Show reaction pg. 716.

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Questions

• During exercise, the supply of oxygen to the
  muscles is low, a conversion occurs with pyruvate
  to form what?
• What is significance of Acetyl CoA in intense
  exercise?
• Carbohydrates intake before exercise is good or
  bad?
• What is the negative aspect of intense exercise?
• What is the significance of glycolysis?

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Answers

• Acetyl CoA.
• Major component of metabolism.
• Good.
• Boosts respiratory infections.
• Breaks down glucose in muscle cells and forms
  pyruvic acid.