Workshop on

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National Institute for Supporting
Workshop on Disseminating, training, and
proposing new strategies to promote women in SETI
in the region The Southern Cone Case
Korean Government Policies for Women in SETI and
NISWIST
Kong-Ju-Bock Lee, Ph.D. Director General,
NISWIST National Institute for Supporting Women
In Science Technology of the Republic of Korea
Dec. 12, 2007, Santiago of Chile, Hotel Neruda
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CONTENTS

• Context of the Womens Policy in Korea
• Government Policies for Women in SETI
• Working Center, NISWIST
• Suggestion for Policy Development

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Context of the Womens Policy in Korea
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? Equal Employment Act (1987) Equal
employment opportunity and treatment at work
places ? Womens Development Act (1995)
Promote gender equality and womens development
in all areas of politics, economies, society and
culture ? Act on Support of Women-Owned
Business Enterprises (1999) Practical
gender equality in the economic field and
increase womens economic involvement ?
Womens Development Act Agriculture and
Fisheries (2001) Build up families,
communities and industries by fostering women
professionals in agriculture and fisheries ? Act
on Fostering and Supporting Women in Science and
Technology (2002) Strengthen the capacity of
women in science, engineering and technology and
allow them to fully perform the skills and
capabilities in research and technical
positions ? Basic Plan for Womens Policy in ST
(2004-2008) Devising long-term goal and
tasks at a pan-ministry and offices level for
systematic and constant fostering women in ST
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National Institute for Supporting
Government Policies for Women in SETI
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Women Ratio with ST Degrees and of Professors in
Korea (2004 2006)
Natural Science
Engineering
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• Female Economic Activity Status and Participation
  Rate per Age Group (2006)

Engineering Major M type
Science major L type

• After 30s, the economic activity participation
  rate of SE major women is dramatically
  decreasing
• No re-entry especially in science major

Source Korea National Statistics Office (2006)
Report on Economic Activity Status and
Participation Rate
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WISE Project (2001 ) (Women Into Science and
Engineering Project)
Government Branch 20012005 M. of Science
and Technology 2005 M. of Education
Human Resources Development Purpose To
acquire friendliness in SE To contribute
attracting interest and motivation in SE Target
From elementary to university female
students Status 1 National
Center 13 Regional Centers
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• Scholarship for Outstanding (Female) Students in
  SE (2005 ) (National Scholarship Award
  Program 2002)

Government Branch 20022005 M. of Education
Human Resources Development 2005
M. of Science and Technology Purpose To
enhance the advancement of national ST by
encouraging outstanding (female) students in
science and engineering Target Rate At
least 30 of total awards are reserved for female
students
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Support Program for Leading Universities in
Engineering Program for Female Students (WIE 2006
)
Government Branch M. of Education Human
Resources Development M. of Commerce,
Industry, and Energy Purpose To enhance
on-site technology and adaptation ability To
foster multi-play female industrial HR required
in both industry and in research
centers Budget US 0.4M (06)/ 1.04M (07) 5
leading universities are selected in 2006.
(Kangwon N.U., Kunsan N.U., Pukyong N.U.,
Sungkyunkwan U., Yonsei U.)
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• WATCH21 Project (2004 )(Womens Academy for
  Technology CHanger in the 21st Century)

Government Branch M. of Commerce, Industry,
and Energy Purpose To develop gender
equality in the industry by encouraging
leadership ability of female high school students
and their networking with peers, teachers, and
professors Support
WITECK Women in Science Engineering and
Technology in Korea
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University IT Research Center (ITRC) Support
Project

• Government Branch
• M. of Information and Communication
• Purpose
• To foster core research professionals with the
  ability in RD of core IT technology and also to
  conduct project
• Support Point Award System
• when female professor is a project manager or
• 20 or more female researchers
  participate

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• Recruitment Target System (RTS) for Women in ST
  (2002)

Government Branch M. of Science and
Technology Purpose To fulfill the proposed
recruitment ratio of women in ST Target
organizations Total 99 25 Government-funded,
8 Government-invested, and 66 National
ST Institutes Target Rate 30 (25 in 2010)
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Development of RTS for Women in ST

• Jul 2001
• Promoted by the NSTC(National ST Council)
  under the presidential instruction
• Sep 2001
• Applied to 25 government-funded ST institutes
• Dec 2002
• Set Legal basis through the legislation of the
  Act on Fostering and Supporting Women in Science
  and Technology
• Apr 2003
• Applied to all (99) national and governmental
  ST institutes

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Result of RTS for Women in ST

• Recruitment rate ()

Source MoST NIS-WIST (2007), 2006 Report on
the Actual Status of Women in ST
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• Employment rate () of women in ST, 2003-2006

Source MoST NIS-WIST (2007), 2006 Report on
the Actual Status of Women in ST
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• Recruitment Target System (RTS) for Female
  Faculty(20032005)

Government Branch M. of Education and Human
Resources Develpoment Purpose To set
recruitment target for female faculties To
submit annual recruitment status report Target
Organizations Total 23 National and Public
Universities Number of Positions for Female
Faculty Allocated 200 in all fields
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Result of RTS for Female Faculty

• Ratio () of Female Faculties in National and
  Public Universities

Source MoST NIS-WIST (2007), 2006 Report on
the Actual Status of Women in ST

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• Project to Increase Female Participation in
  Committees(2002)

• Government Branch
• M. of Gender Equality Family
• Purpose
• To promote participation of females in
  decision process of
• government policymaking
• Target Rate 40 in 2007

()
Target ratio for female participation in committee
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Result of Project to Increase F. Committee
members
Central Gov.
Female Participation Ratio in the State Local
Government Committees
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• Affirmative Action Employment Enhancement
  Program(2006)

• Government Branch
• M. of Labor
• Purpose
• To increase employment of females as well as
  to promote gender
• equality in job market
• Process
• 1. Submit the status report on male and female
  employees on May every year
• 2. Submit an affirmative action plan to
  improve the shortfalls
• 3. Submit its implementation result by Oct. 15
  of following year
• 4. Award outstanding organization and
  reprimand non-compliant companies

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• Promotion Target System (PTS) for Women in
  ST(2007)

Government Branch M. of Science and
Technology Purpose To fulfill the proposed
promotion ratio of women in ST Target
Organizations Total 25 25 Government-funded
ST Institutes Target Rate 30
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Current Status of Promotion in Public ST
Institutes
Source MoST NIS-WIST (2007), 2005, 2006 Report
on the Actual Status of Women in ST
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• Daedeok Research Complex Infant Childcare
  Center Construction Project (2006 )

Government Branch M. of Science and
Technology Purpose To reduce one of the
major burden on the women in ST Budget US
5M Support Able to accommodate 300 infants
and young children
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• Basic Science Research Project / Specialized
  RDProject (Point Award System)

Government Branch M. of Science and
Technology Purpose To improve the
participation rate of female scientist in RD
project Status
Number and Ration of Female Project Managers in
Specific Basic Research Projects
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• Support Project for Female Scientist (2000 )

• Government Branch
• M. of Education Human Resources Development)
• Purpose
• To increase the employment opportunities for
  non-permanent employment status women in basic
  science fields
• To enhance the research capabilities of
  outstanding female researchers
• Target

KRF Korea Research Foundation
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Result of Support Project for Female Scientists
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• Commissioner for Woman Scientists
  Engineers(2002)

Purpose To improve working conditions for
women in ST through moral and status
enhancement programs such as recruitment,
promotion, and training Target Organizations
Total 30 Government, National, and Public
Institutes Universities with employment of
30 or more woman scientists and/or
engineers Details Biannual Workshop of
Commissioners organized by NIS-WIST
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Working Center, NISWIST
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Legal basis to Working Center, NISWIST/RISWIST
Article 14, Act on Fostering and Supporting Women
in ST
Foundation Clause 1 The State and local
governments may establish the working center for
women in science and technology in order to
efficiently foster and support women in
ST. Duty Clause 2 The working center shall
perform the following businesses
 1) Investigation or research in order to develop
the policies on fostering and supporting women in
science and technology     2)
Education, training, studies and consultations
for women in science and technology
  3) Provision of the employment information
etc. on the occupational types relating to the
science and technology and    4)
Other supports to women in science and technology
and to their organizations. Management
(including Fund) Clause 3 The State and local
governments may render subsidies for the expenses
in whole or in part, that are required for the
establishment and operation of the working
center.
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Locations of National and Regional WISTs
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NISWIST VISION
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Organization Chart
Policy Development
Human Resource Development
Information Management
Administrative Support
Career Development
Actual Status Report
Total DB Integration
Career Entry Expansion
Policy Assessment
Partner Organization
Status Enhancement
Policy Suggestion
Build Human Network
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• Actual Status Report on Women Resources in ST

• Statistical database for policy development for
  women in ST
• Reflection on annual implementation of strategies
  in Basic plan for Advancement of Women in ST
• Approval as national statistics by the Korean
  National Statistical Office
• The only survey-report on current status of women
  resources in ST strongly focused on gender
  distinction
• - women-friendly questionnaires
• - customized survey pertaining to
  classification of job-description
• and organization
• - survey on employment status (permanent
  or non-permanent)

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Employment Status per Institution Category
(Number, )
The Number of Private sector RD institutes
increased to 1,000 in 2007 from 200 in 2006.
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Suggestion to Government Policies

• The RTS and ETS must be implemented together to
  achieve positive results and to maintain
  appropriate employment ratio.
• There must also be a promotion target system
  implemented simultaneously.
• When considering the fact that among 23 national
  and  public universities 412 fields of majors,
  22 universities 241 fields of majors have no
  female faculties, a target system to employ a
  minimum of 1 female faculty in all the fields of
  majors in all the universities is required.
• Consideration must be made to the possibility of
  the point award system having a negative affect
  on the project during the reviewing process.

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• Science Communicator Training Program

Purpose To provide a new job-opportunity for
women with ST degrees To contribute to the
nationwide popularization of science Result
2005 2007
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Utilization of Science Communicators
Science Educator in public science class museum
Science Lecturer in public science class
after-school class
Curator in the science museum
SC Training program
Producer Player In the science play
Coordinator in the government initiated public
science class
Science Columnist in a news paper or magazine
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• Visiting Leadership Training Program

• Purpose
• To give a chance to be trained leadership in
  ST
• To encourage self-efficacy and self-leadership
• Target Organizations
• Any RD Institutes, Universities, and
  Companies
• Support
• Sept. 2006 Feb. 2008 16 Organizations

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• Financial Engineering Program

Purpose To develop and promote career in
financial sector for women in ST Target
Women with SE degrees in financial sectors and
financial engineers-to-be Contents -
Introduction to  derivatives financial
engineering - Option strategies binomial
option pricing model - Forward and futures I
- Forward and futures II, SWAPs   -
Black-Scholes option pricing model Greeks 
- Term structure interest rate options I -
Interest rate options II /Term structure -
Monte Carlo simulation
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Women-Friendly Institutional Transformation
Project (benchmarked from the NSF ADVANCE
project in USA)
Purpose To establish Committee of Gender
Equality, To build family-friendly work
environment Target Organizations Any RD
Institutes and Universities Awards
15,000/yr for short-term project (1yr)
35,000/yr for long-term project (3yr)
50,000/yr for union of 2-3 institutions
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Childcare Support Program for Female Graduate
School Students in Science and Engineering
Purpose To investigate the effects of the
program To develop and suggest a
childcare-policy To encourage woman
scientists-to-be by networking Target Any
Female Students in ST Graduate School
Programs Grant 300/month/child 100 children
(2007)
- 10 of female students in graduate school is
married. - 40 of married female students has
children.
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Suggestion for Policy Development
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• Actual Status on Women Resources in SETI
• Research on Gender Equality Index
• Establishment of Working Center
• Cooperation with Men and Strong Support from
  Leaders

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• Structure of Gender Equality Index

(Developing Stage by Joohee Lee , Dept. of
Sociology, Ewha Womans University)
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Thank you for your attention
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