Title: ENHANCED OPTICAL METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS
1ENHANCED OPTICAL METHODS FOR ANALYSISOF
HISTORICAL OBJECTS
- Jan Bryscejn, Milo Drdácký, Jan Jakubek,
Jaroslav Valach, Daniel VavrÃk - Peter Weiss
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of
the Czech Academy of Science,ARCCHIP Centre of
Excellence - Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics of
the Czech Technical University - ELP GmbH, Wuppertal, Germany
2Objectives
- The paper presents a review of special optical
research infrastructure developed for analyses of
historical objects and materials. - I often say that when you can measure what you
are speaking about, and express it in numbers,
you know something about it but when you cannot
measure it, when you cannot express it in
numbers, your knowledge is of a meager and
unsatisfactory kind. Lord Kelvin (1824-1907) - We see only what we know. Johann Wolfgang Goethe
(1749-1832)
3Optical methods in medieval mortars
4Coded Photometry Stereo
Encoded image
Reconstructed topography
Lab version of CPS device
5CPS evaluation of laser cleaned surfaces
Reconstructed Topography (not the same scale as
SEM)
SEM micrograph
Visual
Topography
Enhanced visual
6Experimental application of CPS
Principal strain ?2 field
7Cuneiform tablet by CPS
8Cuneiform tablet by CPS
9Optical methods - Quantitative measurement
- a quantitative analysis of surface by optical
method - variable reflectance
- simple photometry portable scanner
- accompanied by a survey (carried on 10 selected
buildings in Prague, for every building in
average 50 persons)
cleaned
encrusted
Mean160
Mean210
10Optical methods - Quantitative measurement
11Optical methods - Quantitative measurement
12X-ray diagnostics
X-ray source fresco
Flat recording plates
13X-ray diagnostics
14Computer micro tomography
- X-ray tungsten micro focus tube Hamamatsu
- X-ray emission spot of 5 µm and divergent cone
beam - a magnification up to the micrometer scale in
spatial resolution - spatial resolution a half of the spot size
- the recognition resolution are a quarter of the
spot size
Calibration carousel
X-ray source
Turntable shown with loading device and CPS
lights
Medipix detector (not visible)
15Computer micro tomography
Medipix2 (Near field)
16uCT - Bulk visualization
Concrete specimen (2x7x13mm)
17Conclusions
- A simple inventive adaptation of existing optical
method can yield interesting results which cannot
be obtained other way. - But not only advantages optical methods are key
to success, it is the whole infrastructure, which
has to be understood in broader sense.
Infrastructure is in addition to sum of
equipments, devices and existing methods, a team
of skilled experienced people coming from various
scientific fields working together on innovative
implementation of ideas and procedures in new
applications. Therefore adequate interdisciplinar
composition of the research team is an important
element of working/functioning infrastructure. - As demonstrated on above described examples it
seems that these methods sophisticated and yet
simple can be indispensable for research in the
field offering results impossible to obtain by
other means. - Unfortunately investment into such methods hit a
blind spot of research funding system are too
costly and therefore behind reach of an institute
to finance it using only its own resources and,
at the same time, to small to be given attention
of decisive funding agencies.
18Thank you acknowledgment
- EVK4-2001-00091 On-site investigation techniques
for the structural evaluation of historical
masonry buildings ONSITE-FORMASONRY, 2002-2004,
5. FP EC, contract partner - EVK4CT200230011 Intelligent Measurement
Technology for Laser Cleaning of Historical
Buildings and Monuments HISTO-CLEAN, 2003-2004,
5. FP EC, contract partner - Project NSF INT-0122251, U.S.-Czech Engineering
Research In-Situ Evaluation of Historical Wood
Buildings, 2001-2004, Czech part under KONTAKT
ME660 Grant Ministry of Education (NSF contractor
North Carolina State University)