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ENHANCED OPTICAL METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS

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Title: ENHANCED OPTICAL METHODS FOR ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS


1
ENHANCED OPTICAL METHODS FOR ANALYSISOF
HISTORICAL OBJECTS
  • Jan Bryscejn, Milo Drdácký, Jan Jakubek,
    Jaroslav Valach, Daniel Vavrík
  • Peter Weiss
  • Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of
    the Czech Academy of Science,ARCCHIP Centre of
    Excellence
  • Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics of
    the Czech Technical University
  • ELP GmbH, Wuppertal, Germany

2
Objectives
  • The paper presents a review of special optical
    research infrastructure developed for analyses of
    historical objects and materials.
  • I often say that when you can measure what you
    are speaking about, and express it in numbers,
    you know something about it but when you cannot
    measure it, when you cannot express it in
    numbers, your knowledge is of a meager and
    unsatisfactory kind. Lord Kelvin (1824-1907)
  • We see only what we know. Johann Wolfgang Goethe
    (1749-1832)

3
Optical methods in medieval mortars
4
Coded Photometry Stereo
Encoded image
Reconstructed topography
Lab version of CPS device
5
CPS evaluation of laser cleaned surfaces
Reconstructed Topography (not the same scale as
SEM)
SEM micrograph
Visual
Topography
Enhanced visual
6
Experimental application of CPS
Principal strain ?2 field
7
Cuneiform tablet by CPS
8
Cuneiform tablet by CPS
9
Optical methods - Quantitative measurement
  • a quantitative analysis of surface by optical
    method
  • variable reflectance
  • simple photometry portable scanner
  • accompanied by a survey (carried on 10 selected
    buildings in Prague, for every building in
    average 50 persons)

cleaned
encrusted
Mean160
Mean210
10
Optical methods - Quantitative measurement
11
Optical methods - Quantitative measurement
12
X-ray diagnostics
X-ray source fresco
Flat recording plates
13
X-ray diagnostics
14
Computer micro tomography
  • X-ray tungsten micro focus tube Hamamatsu
  • X-ray emission spot of 5 µm and divergent cone
    beam
  • a magnification up to the micrometer scale in
    spatial resolution
  • spatial resolution a half of the spot size
  • the recognition resolution are a quarter of the
    spot size

Calibration carousel
X-ray source
Turntable shown with loading device and CPS
lights
Medipix detector (not visible)
15
Computer micro tomography
Medipix2 (Near field)
16
uCT - Bulk visualization
Concrete specimen (2x7x13mm)
17
Conclusions
  • A simple inventive adaptation of existing optical
    method can yield interesting results which cannot
    be obtained other way.
  • But not only advantages optical methods are key
    to success, it is the whole infrastructure, which
    has to be understood in broader sense.
    Infrastructure is in addition to sum of
    equipments, devices and existing methods, a team
    of skilled experienced people coming from various
    scientific fields working together on innovative
    implementation of ideas and procedures in new
    applications. Therefore adequate interdisciplinar
    composition of the research team is an important
    element of working/functioning infrastructure.
  • As demonstrated on above described examples it
    seems that these methods sophisticated and yet
    simple can be indispensable for research in the
    field offering results impossible to obtain by
    other means.
  • Unfortunately investment into such methods hit a
    blind spot of research funding system are too
    costly and therefore behind reach of an institute
    to finance it using only its own resources and,
    at the same time, to small to be given attention
    of decisive funding agencies.

18
Thank you acknowledgment
  • EVK4-2001-00091 On-site investigation techniques
    for the structural evaluation of historical
    masonry buildings ONSITE-FORMASONRY, 2002-2004,
    5. FP EC, contract partner
  • EVK4CT200230011 Intelligent Measurement
    Technology for Laser Cleaning of Historical
    Buildings and Monuments HISTO-CLEAN, 2003-2004,
    5. FP EC, contract partner
  • Project NSF INT-0122251, U.S.-Czech Engineering
    Research In-Situ Evaluation of Historical Wood
    Buildings, 2001-2004, Czech part under KONTAKT
    ME660 Grant Ministry of Education (NSF contractor
    North Carolina State University)
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