Industrialization

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Industrialization
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The Steel Horse

• Five main lines
• Great Northern
• Northern Pacific
• Central/Union Pacific
• Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe
• Southern Pacific

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Significance and impact.
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A double-edged sword??

• Speed and mobility.
• Town growers.
• Populating the West.
• Creation of corporations.
• Employment of thousands.

• ???
• And controllers.
• Led to the destruction Native-American culture.
• Creation of Trusts etc. (greed)
• Exploitation of Chinese and Irish

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Stanford and Carnegie
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Personalities

• Railroads, banking, inventions, oil and steel.
• Business practices directed at maintaining a
  monopoly
• stock watering, bribery, cutthroat tactics,
  pool, trust, interlocking directorates,

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Rockefeller and Morgan
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Greed is Good

• Rags to riches stories. Horatio Algier. Ragged
  Dick.
• Social Darwinism
• Deepening class struggles and the division of
  wealth.
• Becoming fertile ground for-----????

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Government attempts at Regulation.

• Interstate Commerce Act of 1887.
• Regulate the railroads. Prohibited rebates and
  pools.
• Publish rates openly. No discrimination.
• Created the Interstate Commerce Commission.
• Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
• Attempt to curb monopolies.No restraint of trade.
  Ineffective. Couldnt be enforced.

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Impact of Industrialization

• Industry moves to the South.
• Immigrants, the poor, women

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Labor fights back

• The Union.
• Union weapons
• strike, boycott, walkout, closed-shop.
• Corporate weapons
• scabs, strikebreakers, police and the courts,
  lockouts, yellow-dog contracts, blacklists,
  company towns.

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Early Labor Movement

• National Labor Union (1866)
• Won the 8 hour day for govt workers. Hurt by
  the depression of the 1870s.
• Knights of Labor
• An injury to one is the concern of all.
  Allowed skilled and unskilled labor.
• Haymarket Square Bombing (1886)

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American Federation of Labor

• Samuel Gompers
• Self-governing national unions.
• Sought better working conditions, pay and hours.
• Very effective.
• Only allowed skilled labor.
• Labor Day, 1894