Review

1
Review

• Fall 029050
• Dr Bryce

2
What to expect

• 25 multiple choice questions
• 4 possible responses
• Minimum 10 minutes
• Maximum 50 minutes (depending on how promptly we
  start)
• Exam conditions from the moment the papers are
  distributed.

3
What to bring

• Sharp number 2 pencils
• Eraser
• Non-graphical calculator
• University ID card or Drivers license
• All are vital

4
What not to bring

• Heavy bulky bags/jackets (leave at back of class)
• Food/Drink for disturbance/spillage reasons
• Cell phones
• Baseball caps/hats must be removed
• No headphones/earpieces

5
Exam behavior

• Students are expected to be prompt
• Remove hats
• Switch off cell phones
• No communicating with your classmates during the
  exam
• Students whose behavior is not acceptable will be
  removed from the exam room

6
Calculators

• It is vital that you bring your own calculator
• We do not have enough extras to cover all
  students.
• You may not use a graphing calculator or a cell
  phone interface calculator
• The proctors may choose to examine your
  calculator

7
Scientific notation

• Be confident in using scientific notation with
  your calculator
• Dont let prefixes such as micro, nano, kilo
  confuse you.
• Practice using your calculator before the exam

8
Temperature

• We will be using the Kelvin temperature scale
• Although you wont be expected to remember by
  heart the conversion formulas it is useful to
  know some temperatures
• i.e. absolute zero, freezing point, room
  temperature, boiling point

9
Degrees

• There are 360 degrees in a complete circle
• The Sun moves roughly 1 degree eastwards each day
• Each degree is divided into 60 arc minutes (or
  minutes of arc)
• Each minute is divided into 60 arc seconds (or
  seconds of arc)

10
Types of Energy

• Kinetic
• Radiative
• Stored or potential
• Energy can change types, but it cannot be created
  or destroyed.

11
Einstein

• Emc2
• Mass is a type of energy
• Gravity is a consequence of curved spacetime

12
K3

• Period squared semi major axis cubed
• Practice this equation
• Can you find the cube root using your calculator?
• What units do we use?

13
N2

• Force mass acceleration
• What units do we use?
• How is mass different to weight?
• What is acceleration?

14
Momentum

• Momentum mass velocity
• Why mass and velocity?
• What about the momentum of spinning or orbiting
  bodies?

15
Universal Law of Gravitation

• F is the Gravitational force
• M the larger mass and m is the smaller
• d is the distance between the centers of the two
  objects
• G is the Gravitational constant 6.672610-11m3/kg
  s2

16
Wave speed

• Wavelength is the distance between two wave peaks
• Frequency is the number of times per second that
  a wave vibrates up and down
• wave speed wavelength x frequency
• l x f c
• l wavelength , f frequency
• c 3.00 x 108 m/s speed of light

17
Wave Energy

• E h x f photon energy
• h 6.626 x 10-34 joule x s photon energy

18
Properties of Thermal Radiation

• Hotter objects emit more light at all frequencies
  per unit area.
• Hotter objects emit photons with a higher average
  energy.

19
Wiens law

• Stefan Boltzmann Law
• Emitted power (per square meter of the surface)
  sT4
• Where s 5.710-8 W/(m2K4)

20
Doppler
21
Phases of the Moon 29.5-day cycle
new crescent first quarter gibbous full gibbous la
st quarter crescent

• waxing
• Moon visible in afternoon/evening.
• Gets fuller and rises later each day.

• waning
• Moon visible in late night/morning.
• Gets less and sets later each day.

22
The electromagnetic spectrum
23
Historical figures

• Ptolemy
• Copernicus
• Brahe
• Kepler
• Galileo
• Newton

24
The Local Sky
An objects altitude (above horizon) and azimuth
(along horizon) specifies its location in your
local sky
25
The Equatorial System

• Uses the Celestial Poles and the Celestial
  equator to define positions
• Declination (equivalent to latitude) gives the
  position angle north or south of the celestial
  equator
• Right ascension (equivalent to longitude) gives
  the position angle Eastwards around the Celestial
  equator from the Vernal Equinox
• These values remain constant as the Earth revolves

26
Telescopes

• Light-collecting area Telescopes with a larger
  collecting area can gather a greater amount of
  light in a shorter time.
• Angular resolution Telescopes that are larger
  are capable of taking images with greater detail.