Welcome to Caltech Landivar Students and Faculty

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Welcome to Caltech Landivar Students and Faculty!!
Welcome to Caltech Landivar Students!!
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Lecture 17Review of Concepts

• December 3, 2008

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Today1.Questionnaire2. Introduction of Robert
McLendon626 375 3192 Call! Dont be a
stranger!3. Administrivia4. Last Week5.Final
Presentation and Paper6. Review
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Summary Schedule for next week

• Thursday Work
• Friday Work
• Saturday Visit Art Museums
• Sunday Work/Rehearse
• Monday Presentation!
• Tuesday Visit Art Center

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Monday- The Big Day

• Everyone shows up on time. Dont be late. We are
  in the Beckman Institute Lecture Hall. (Not the
  Wedding Cake)
• Set up exhibits (Poster and Demo)
• E-mail me your talk by noon! Bring flash as
  back-up. Tom, Luzmi, Oscar, Ovidio and I would be
  very happy to review on Sunday and give you
  advice either in person or by e-mail.
• We will be filmed and the lectures put on
  streaming video for your viewing enjoyment
• Dress Suggest you put on the dog. We have had
  everything from kilts, suits (men) dress for
  success (ladies) to more casual wear But
  anything you have is OK
• Rehearse! Rehearse! Rehearse!

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Monday

• Set-Up
• Presentations
• Poster Session
• Dinner

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The Prize

• As in previous years
• There will be a best paper award of 1000
• Awarded to team
• To be used for further development of product
• Jury Oscar, Ovidio, Tom, Luzmi, Tony, Ken

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What should be on final presentation?

• 15 minutes plus 5 minute discussion
• Mission
• Solution including Scope of solution
• DFX results particularly
• Market
• Cost
• Manufacture
• Distribution
• (Add to this as many as make sense)
• Business issues
• Ethical plan
• Major Challenges overcome and otherwise
• Future directions

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For a good talk

• Rehearse!
• Dont ramble
• Dont read the text. Look at the audience
• Make slides sparse and with big print
• Passion and enthusiasm
• Takeaways from each slide
• Tony Luna and the rest of us will help

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Final paper

• Due no later than Monday Dec 8
• 15 pages or so plus appendices if desired
• Include references
• Content same as presentation but add final team
  discussion

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Consider the 30 points for DFX

• A good product development process is
  characterized by the inclusion of anticipatory
  team-driven tasks which will
• Avoid downstream surprises
• Cause the product to meet specifications
• Performance
• Quality
• Cost
• Time to market

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DFX detail

• Clear Market Requirements
• Thought-through Architecture
• Rapid Prototyping
• Clear Product/engineering Specs
• Design for Extremely LowCost
• Design for Human Interface-ergonomics
• Design for Assembly/ltmanufacturability
• Manufacturing Plan (including partners)
• Design for Environment
• Design for sustainability
• Product Platforms
• Risk Mitigation Analysis
• Design for Maintainability
• Design for Reliability
• Other??

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Lecture

• Review and what I wish I had said. . .

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Purpose of Course

• To study how product development is accomplished
  and to actually design a product through the
  early design stages
• To study the business and social context for
  developing products
• To learn team and communications skills

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Important stuff only superficially covered
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Design Rules!!- anybody disagree?
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Our extreme constraint was Schedule
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A great skill -to manage a complex program
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Product Development Process Metrics

• Quality
• First pass success
• Manufacturing hiccoughs
• Measured in DPU
• Cost
• Use of Resource V Plan
• Competitive Development Costs
• Speed
• Do products consistently get to market on time
• Performance
• Did the products perform to specifications

• Our metrics are
• Lives influenced
• How much you learned
• Projects with legs
• Questionnaire

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Where to look for Developing World Breakthrough
Products?

• Needs driven
• Addresses a basic human need in market (pain)
• Sustainable business model
• Initial Investment obtainable
• Profitable
• Scalable
• Leverage- able
• Defensible
• Removes cultural, technical or commercial barrier
  that has stymied previous attempts
• Relationship Driven
• Culture Sensitive, Driven and Constrained
• Realistic
• Sophisticated
• Robust
• Withstands minor errors

Did we choose The best projects?
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Design for X X
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XSustainable (Engineering) Design Strategies

• Ecological Efficiency/Optimal Function
• Saving Resources
• Use of renewable resource
• Increasing product durability
• Design for product re-use
• Recycling oriented design
• Design for Disassembly
• Environmental-friendly production
• Minimizing environmental burdens caused by the
  product Use of Environmental-friendly packaging
• Disposal of non-recyclable materials in an
  ecologically desirable way
• Building an ecologically favorable logistic
  system

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Design For XX
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Design For X (DFX)cont.

• Sales and marketing (Customer alignment)
• Meets Customers needs
• When in doubt- Cheapness Rules
• Design to Cost to allow Target pricing
• Product Price/Volume/Feature mix
• Promotion strategy

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Crossing the Chasm in user sophistication
Plug and Play user
Technically Knowledgeable User
Apple AOL Auto
Hobbyist Pioneer Savvy
Are there developing world equivalents?
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How about Design for a Lead User?

• Who would influence others to buy product
• Who do others emulate?
• examples
• High school prom queen
• Specific age group
• Respected older person
• Store owner
• Priest
• Political leader
• Sports figure
• Wealthy
• Tuk tuk drivers
• How could you get the lead user to buy the
  product?
• How do you spread the word?

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Design for the futureDesign platforms

• Planned Evolutionary Changes (Design for
  upgrades)
• Group changes periodically to create a new
  platform
• Exploit each platform

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Design for Reliability
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Design for X

• Strategic Issues
• Makes a Difference
• Adheres to Company (Developers) Strategy
• Positioned to beat competition
• Investment required
• Product and technology platforms

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Design For X (DFX)cont.

• Quality
• Minimization of Cost of Poor Quality
• Serviceability in field
• Adaptability to variability in materials and
  manufacturing conditions
• Adaptability to various use conditions

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Design For X (DFX)cont.

• Manufacturing and Producability
• Make/buy
• Supplier alignment
• Integration of new manufacturing into previous
  manufacturing process with minimum disruption and
  capitalization costs
• Maximum responsiveness to surges (and declines!)
  in demand
• Ease of Assembly/Manufacturability /Modularity
• Parts minimization
• Testability
• Inspectability
• Standardization

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Design for Usability

• How does the user interact with the design?
• Operational
• Installation
• Documentation
• Training
• Repair
• Service
• Disposal

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Design For X (DFX)cont.

• After market Support and Servicing
• Training of factory personnel, sales force,
  customers.
• Maintainability
• Spare Parts availability
• Customer assembly
• Logistics
• Upgradability
• Shelf life and Storage
• Installability
• Warranties- how do you stand by product?

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Life Cycle AssessmentConsider the process as a
closed system

• Extraction and Processing of raw materials
• Manufacturing
• Transportation and Distribution
• Maintenance
• User Reuse
• Recycling
• Final disposal

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What is a core human value?

• Do not treat others as tools but rather treat
  companies stakeholders as people whose value must
  be acknowledged
• Treat people in ways that respect peoples rights
• Health
• Education
• Safety
• Adequate standard of Living

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Engineering Economics

• Principle of Equivalence
• Discount rate
• Hurdle Rate
• Payback period
• Net Present Value

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How to improve Teams

• More on Guatemalan culture
• Make trip closer to class allows art center
• Continuity from previous students
• Room with good connectivity available
• Studio
• Dedicated workspace
• Make Caltech resources known to visitors
• Two term class have trip in middle
• More One on one evaluations
• Guatemalans should participate in HW discussions
• Guatemalan students should be more engaged in the
  design process
• Use media room for once a week meetings
• Use personal schedules when forming teams
• Landivar students part of selection process
• Introduction process for landivar students

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Has it worked? What went right? Visits to
village different types of people honest with
each on skills Brainstorming sessions research
on product technology worked- Skype audio and
IM role precipitation communication
skills dont need to be self-deprecating What
went Wrong? people not having the same
motivation not respecting teammates Uneven
burden Not honest with yourself in taking on
assignments which you couldnt possibly How
could the process be improved 2007? All must
Learn from trip for general info Need to both
have a person who went on trip Need to have a
Guatemalan on team Team leader goes on
trip Schedule 1-3 field trips early in
quartertrip in advance with definite goals for
each Middle trip to Guatemala Continuity in
products from one year to another Work different
parts of value chain testamonials from partners-
eliminate middle man Work balance 2 term course
with trip in middle have a class to present each
teams issues team building exercise team
management, scheduling Use previous students as
mentors present tools conflict
resolution more time for interaction before
groups are chosen a group representative reports
every 3 weeks on the functioning of the
team an easy out? A common understanding of
goals
Team Experience in E105
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My Biggest Learnings in last four years
Importance of feet on the ground Importance or
radical cheapness Importance of learning from
past mistakes Importance or recognizing
differences in motivation Importance of Business
Engineering Process Culture models
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My Biggest Learnings in last four years

• Realizing that I still dont know very much about
  the subject of poverty
• Realizing that others dont either
• (If someone tells you they are an expert and have
  the solution to poverty they are self-deluded or
  pulling your leg)
• The overwhelming importance of culture
• The difficulties and dangers in trying to change
  culture
• One size (model) does definitely not fit all

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But. . . Some people in the world must have been
doing something right. Lives do get better. With
all the worlds issues, People are much better
off now in most of the world then they were 50
years ago
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What does this mean to you?

• The rewards to you are in the attempting, the
  striving and occasionally the doing.
• Bottom line You can affect lives and make a
  difference. Feed the hungry, Prevent disease,
  Increase income for the poor
• You personally will benefit by this attempt
• You will learn about the world and about yourself
• You will know that you did your best to attack a
  very difficult an important problem
• .

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And from here. . .

• Independent Study can continue at
• Caltech
• Art Center
• Landivar
• Is you would like to continue your project or
  start another one, please talk to us.

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Next Quarter E 102

• For those who would like to start a business
• For those who would like to continue with their
  ME 105 project.
• How to write a business plan to start a company
• How to get funded

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Many Thanks to

• Luzmi
• Tom
• Jodie
• Tony
• Oscar
• Ovidio
• Arturo

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We have all really enjoyed teaching this course!!