If only my home could help me cooking...

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If only my home could help me cooking...

• Dany Lussier-Desrochers, Yves
  Lachapelle, Jérémy Beauchet, Hélène Pigot et
  Sylvain Giroux
• Trois-Rivières, Canada

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Intellectual disability

• People with significant limitations on two
  levels
• Intellectual
• Reasoning, planning, problem solving, abstract
  thinking and understanding of complex ideas
• Adaptive behavior behaviors that contribute to
  the autonomy and integration in the natural
  environment
• Language, reading, assume responsibilities,
  interpersonal skills, perform daily tasks and
  maintain a secure environment
• Important to create environments and use
  technologies to promote self-determination

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Type of Residence and Self-Determination

• Many studies exist regarding the effects of
  different types of residences on people with
  intellectual disabilities.
• Environments that look alike traditional homes
  are associated to a higher level of
  self-determination (Robertson et al, 2001)
• Integrating people with intellectual disabilities
  in the community
• Allows more decision taking
• Encourages social participation
• Enhancequality of life
• BUT Problems
• Completing tasks in a residential setting
  involves a certain level of abilities and skills
• Concerns regarding safety in a residential
  setting

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A Possible Solution IdeaSmart Home

• In a smart home, computers must live and adapt to
  peoples way of life as well as their
  capabilities (ubiquitous technology)
• The computer is used as an assistant in daily
  life
• Remind, accompany, inform, reassure the person
• Environment resembling what is encountered on a
  daily basis
• Captors retrieve information on tasks
  accomplished by the person (door and drawer
  captors, movements detectors)
• With this information, the computer knows if
  there are problems in tasks completion
• The computer can react or interact with the
  individual

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Preliminary Results Regarding Automation

• Preliminary data on the satisfaction of people
  living and working in smart environments (Martin,
  Nugent and Porter-Armstrong, 2005)
• More independence and freedom (meals, choice in
  daily activities)
• Perception of control regarding the completion of
  daily activities
• Feeling that the technology tends to their
  specific needs
• Participants are generally satisfied
• Only 1 study with people with intellectual
  disabilities

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Studys Objectives

• General objective
• Carry out an in-depth case study on recipe
  completion in an environment using automation.
• Why making meals is an important adaptive and
  transitional skill in the transition to
  independent and supervised apartments in the
  community
• Phases of the study
• PHASE I Develop an assistant to prepare meals
• PHASE II Test the assistant with this particular
  clientele and document the effects on
  self-determination

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Method Phase I

• Review of the technologies already used
• Create the first version (version 1.0) of the
  assistant based on the results of the review
• Verify if it can be applied on computers
• Obtain the recommendations of industrial
  designers
• Get the opinion of community counsellors
  regarding the assistant

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Results Phase I

• Technologies presently being used
• Task completion assistants on handheld computers
  (AbleLink Technologies)
• Positive impacts on behaviour autonomy and
  self-determination
• Efficiency of videos used to help cooking tasks
  completion
• Researchers recommendations for using
  technologies with this population
• Intuitive, easy to use, fun and consistent
  interfaces regarding the button view
• Create interfaces that can be easily personalized
  according to the persons needs and personality

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Results Phase I

• Interface version 1.0
• Step by step assistance when making three recipes
• Image presentation and video sequence
• Finding objects function
• Industrial designers recommendations regarding
  the assistant version 1.0
• Decrease the number of steps
• Reposition the buttons
• Increase the image size
• Modify the font

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Results Phase I

• Meetings with 10 counsellors from Intellectual
  disabilities Readaptation Centers
• Notre-Dame de lenfant (CNDE-dixville) Center in
  Sherbrooke (Canada)
• Counsellors opinions
• Offer choices to meet the needs of each
  individual
• Offer a complementary support to reading
• Adapt to the diversity of methods possible when
  completing tasks
• Develop recipes using a microwave
• Use color coding for measures
• Recipes with pictures are very effective

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Method Phase II

• Sample and variables
• Participants
• 12 Adults with intellectual disabilities
• They have some basic cooking skills
• Variables
• Independent variable Smart recipe completion
  assistant
• Dependent variable Behaviour autonomy.
• Number of cues given by the researcher to help
  the person complete a recipe

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Method Phase II

• Procedure
• Research carried out over three days
• DAY 1 Visit of the apartment and initiation to
  the technology. The participants help the
  researcher complete a pancake recipe.
• DAY 2 Complete a spaghetti recipe.
• DAY 3 Complete a macaroni recipe.
• The recipes have a similar level of difficulty
• 2 conditions
• Traditional recipe (paper format) completed
  without the use of technology
• Traditional recipe (paper format) completed with
  the recipe assistant
• Task asked Follow two recipes (with a similar
  level of difficulty)
• WITH and WITHOUT assistance

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Results Phase II
X 41.00 S 24.50
Help provided by the researcher in order to
complete the recipe
X 18.58 S 11.34
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Future research and development

• 2 aspects can be developed
• Daily assistance
• Education and behaviour modeling to facilitate
  the transition into the community
• Generalization to different areas of application
• Other domestic tasks
• Safety and intervention in emergency situations

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Email

• dany.lussier-desrochers_at_uqtr.ca
• yves.lachapelle_at_uqtr.ca

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Thank You!
Thank you for attending this session and for
celebrating our 10th Anniversary at ATIA 2009
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