Substance Abuse

1
Substance Abuse

• Mechanisms, Evaluation, and Treatment

2
Epidemiology
3
Language of Substance Abuse

• Abuse
• Addiction
• Dependence
• Physiological Dependence
• Psychological Dependence
• Tolerance
• Withdrawal

4
Neurobiology of Addiction

• Pleasure-Reward Center

5
Families of Addictive Drugs

• Nicotine
• Alcohol
• Opiates
• Cocaine and amphetamines
• Cannabis
• Caffeine
• Hallucinogens

6
Alcohol

• Effects on the brain and behavior
• Other physiological effects
• Withdrawal symptoms

7
Identification of Abuse

• Settings
• Primary Care
• Psychiatric
• ANYWHERE

8
Identification of Abuse (cont.)

• Screening
• CAGE
• Michigan
• Biochemical measures
• No marker alone is better than clinical
  interview.

9
Interventions

• Prevention
• Treatment decisions
• Severity
• Risk of suicide
• Ability to sustain in environment
• Settings
• Medications

10
Role of OT in Rehab

• Independent living skills
• Help client develop healthy ways to enjoy leisure
  time.
• Find new ways to manage stress.

11
Special Populations

• Adolescent
• Pregnancy