Human Settlement

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Human Settlement
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• Happy Rosh Hashanah!
• (Jewish New Year)
• Happy Ramadan!
• (Muslim Holy Month)

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What we know of the beginning

• Humans came originally from Africa
• DNA evidence
• Archeological evidence tools, bones, ect.
• Anthropologists not sure how it all started, but
  pretty positive as to where it started
  (Ethiopia/Kenya/Tanzania area)

Click for Atlas of the Human Journey
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Things that cause human migration

• Push Factors are things that cause people to
  leave a location
• war, famine, disease, ect.
• Pull Factors are things that draw people to a new
  location
• Land, jobs, economic prosperity, freedoms, ect.

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Migration today
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The really really important stuff

• Neolithic Revolution is a period of time around
  10,000 years ago when humans first learned to
  domesticate plants and animals
• This allows people to stay in one place
• Technology quickly spreads throughout world

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The chain reaction

• More food (domestication) more people
• More people need more land so spread out or
  gravitate to really fertile areas
• Surplus food allows people to do other things
  since they dont have to farm all day.
  Governments emerge.
• People specialize and do only what they are good
  at
• New technologies emerge from specialization
• New technologies allow for more food
• More people leads to towns and cities
• People stay in same place and develop unique
  cultures

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Urbanization

• Urbanization is the growth of cities
• 49 of the people in the world today live in
  cities
• List of worlds largest cities (wikipedia)
• Living in cities generally makes life easier for
  everyone
• Google Earth 3D cities

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Best places for a city

• Hilltop
• River crossing
• Harbor
• River delta
• Defensive site controlling a pass

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City Needs

• Defendable
• Easy transportation
• Freshwater
• Decent farmland/food source

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Population Density

• Availability of city needs is one of main things
  that impacts population density
• Average of people living in an area

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Megalopolis
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Major cause of population growth

• Demographic Transition Model