The Great Depression

1
The Great Depression

• 1930s

2
Causes

• Overproduction
• easy credit Buying on Margin
• Stock Market Crash
• Tariffs

3
Overproduction

• Worker output increased by 32 while workers wage
  increased by only 8 income disparity
• Who can afford the goods?

4
Credit

• Workers could buy food, clothes, and housing with
  cash, but...
• CREDIT for anything else
• Many could not pay it back

5
Bank Failures

• Because the banks were not being paid back their
  loans.
• Foreclosures banks took homes away

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6
European Post War

• Reparation (Germany to Fr. B.)
• War torn countries poor
• Russia - Communism
• Invest in U.S. Market

7
Stock Market Inflated

• Foreign investment
• Europe is buying our goods to rebuild itself
• Buying-on-Margin

8

• Stock Market Crashes
• October 24, 29
• Black Tuesday

http//symonsez.wordpress.com/2008/10/29/a-look-at
-the-stock-market-crash-of-1929-freeze-watch/
9
Money Panic

• Run on the banks for withdrawals of savings
• Banks cant give it ()
• People lost their savings

10
Tariffs

• U.S. government raises
• Europeans quit buying U.S. products (goods)
• Workers lose jobs

11
The Dust Bowl

• Caused many farmers on the Great Plains to go
  broke and move west to California
• The Grapes of Wrath

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12
Assignment

• W?B pp. 141-142

13
Herbert Hoover

• 1929 - 1933

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(No Transcript)
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Hoovers Response

• 1925 Sec. Of Commerce, Hoover warned Coolidge
• Warned Federal Reserve, magazines articles

16
Federal Reserve

• Stops speculator loans
• New York Bank goes over the presidents head and
  loans more

17
Met with Business Men

• Hold wages
• Utility projects
• Labor agreed to stop demands

18

• Hoover thought it was a regular business cycle
  thing and did not want to interfere too much

19
Effects of the Great D.

• Joblessness
• Homelessness
• Hoover loses in 1932

20
The Bonus Army

• WWI vets
• Wanted to get their bonus money that was suppose
  to be given to them in 1945 early

21
The Bonus Army

• - The Patman Bill would give it to them so they
  marched on Washington to support it it did not
  pass.
• -Hoover chased them away with the military

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22
Assignment

• W/B pp. 145-147

23
President Franklin D. Roosevelt

• 1933 - 1944

24
(No Transcript)
25
New Deal

• The New Deal was Roosevelts program to help the
  poor through the depression

26
Fireside Chats
http//www.newsweek.com/id/169171
http//www.heirloomradio.com/
27
First 100 Days

• Expanded the role of the Federal Govern. in
  helping the average citizen in need
• More than any President

28
Bank Holiday

• Insolvent banks- closed
• Solvent banks were given federal loans
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

29
Federal Securities Act

• Monitored corporations that sold stock to make
  sure they were being honest with figures
• Securities Exchange Commission

30
21st Amendment

• Allow the sale of alcohol in order to get the
  tax revenue from it

31
Agriculture Adjustment Act

• Paid farmers not to grow food so that prices will
  go up.

32
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC Camps)

• Young men (18 25) built roads, parks, planted
  trees, etc)
• Conservation projects

33
National Industrial Recovery Act (PWA)

• states build schools and community buildings with
  Federal money to create jobs

34
National Recovery Administration (NRA)

• Gave the President power over interstate commerce
• Set prices
• Established standards
• Right to unionize

35
Home Owners Loan Corporation

• Loans to stop foreclosures by the banks

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36
Assignment

• W/B pp. 149-150

37
New Deal Attacked
38
The New Deal did not end the Great Depression
39
Deficit Spending

• Spending more money then taking in

40
Supreme Court

• Ruled some programs unconstitutional
• Court-Packing bill
• Appoint more new Justices

41
Huey Long

• Roosevelt was not doing enough
• Share-our-Wealth program
• Killed

42
Franklins 2nd Term

• 1937 - 1941

43
WPA

• Works Progress Administration
• Airports, roads, buildings

44
Wagner Act

• Rights to Unions
• Collective Bargaining
• Unions negotiate wages

45
Labor Helped

• Wagner Act Unions
• Minimum Wage - .25
• 40 hour work week

46
Social Security

• Old-age Insurance
• Unemployment Compensation
• Families of Dependent Children

47
Assignment

• W/B PP. 151-152

48
Minority Groups

• People Rising to the Top

49
Francis Perkins

• First female cabinet member

50
Mary McLeod Bethune

• Worked with Roosevelt to get African Americans
  involved in politics
• Black Cabinet

51
African Americans

• Roosevelt hired 100 to work in the Executive
  Branch
• But, still allowed discrimination

52
Conclusion

• Nothing the Federal Government did helped fix the
  Great Depression but it made the Federal
  government more powerful then ever.

53

• It made the United States President more powerful
  and led the country closer to Socialism

54
However

• It did make Americans feel better about their
  government

55
What then did fix the problems of the Great
Depression?

• WWII

56

• The End

Assignment PP. 159 -160