Advanced Metering Technologies

1
Advanced Metering Technologies
by Chris KingAdvisory Board, American Energy
Institute
2
gtgt The Institute (www.AmericanEnergyInstitute.org)

• Non-profit, public interest corporation
• Educate public and policymakers regarding energy
  efficiency technologies
• Have four primary interest areas
• Demand response as a solution to generator market
  power
• Time-based pricing and metering
• Remotely controlled and programmed thermostats
  and appliances
• Use of the Internet to enable and enhance energy
  efficiency
• Advisory board
• Frank Wolak
• Professor of Economics at Stanford University and
  Chairman, Market Surveillance Committee of the
  California Independent System Operator
• Paul Gromer
• President of Peregrine Energy and former Energy
  Commissioner, Commonwealth of Massachusetts
• Chris King
• Chief Strategy Officer of eMeter Corporation and
  former VP-Regulatory Affairs, CellNet Data
  Systems

3
gtgt Evolution of Metering Requirements and
Technologies
Hourly
3G Open, Two-way
Daily
Frequency of Data Access
2G Proprietary, One-way
1G Drive-by
Billing Cycle
Monthly
Daily
Hourly
Time Unit of Measurements
4
gtgt Defining Advanced Metering

• Functional requirements
• Enable dynamic pricing
• Support distribution operations
• Support enhanced customer service
• Performance requirements
• Capable of collecting data for up to four pricing
  periods per day
• Remote data access at any time
• Minimal specification
• Hourly data capability
• Fixed network communications

5
gtgt Critical Peak Pricing
Critical Peak (Noon-6 pm)
Critical Peak Notification to Customer (by 5
p.m.)
Peak (Noon-6 pm)
Off-Peak
6
gtgt Real-Time Pricing, Two-Part

Customer sells load at high RTP prices
Customer Baseline Load
kW
Customer buys load at low RTP prices
Actual load
1
12
24
Hour of Day
7
gtgt Residential Price Elasticity

• Fifty-six analyses and projects in the past 25
  years

1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
More peak demand reduction
U.S./international data
-0.4
California data
-0.5
Average result -0.30
-0.6
-0.7
-0.8
-0.9
Source King and Chatterjee, Public Utilities
Fortnightly, July 1, 2003
8
gtgt Meter and Communications Technologies
Telephone
Consumer
Internet
Wireless Network
Utility User
Local power lines
Wireless Network
Data Center
Wireless

• About 10 million advanced meters in use at a
  dozen U.S. utilities
• Largest installation is over 10 million meters
  (ENEL, Italy)

Distribution lines
9
gtgtTechnology IT Architecture
Existing Utility Information Systems
Public/Private Wide Area Networks
Application-specific Metering Network
Data Center
Meter Network Interface Devices
Project Management Software and Interfaces
PSTN
CSR Desktop
Billing
Power Line Data Collection
Process Management
Interfaces Management
Meter Network Management
Data Management
Utility End-Customer
Internet
Internet Data Presentation
Wireless Data Collection
Utility EAI
Outage Management System
Project Management Information System
Paging Data Collection
Private Wireless WAN
Work Management System
Telephone Data Collection
Usage Data Repository
Public Wireless WAN - Paging GPRS/1xRTT
Distribution Engineering
10
gtgt Advanced Metering Costs

• Meter with Communications Module
• Residential/small commercial 50
• Large commercial 300-700
• Meter installation
• Residential/small comml 10-100
• Large commercial 25-200
• Primary variable is drive time
• Local Area Network Node
• From 50 to 2,000
• Primary variables are network type and number of
  meters connected
• Wide Area Network
• About 10/month
• Data Center
• Staffing, facilities, servers, and other
  operations maintenance
• Startup and base monthly cost
• Monthly cost from 0.25 to 5.00 per meter
• 6. Field Equipment Operations Maintenance
• Meters and Local Area Network Nodes
• 0.25 to 1.00 per meter per month

Meter with Communications Module Meter
Installation Local Area Network Node
Wide Area Network Communications
Services Data Center Field Equipment
Operations Maintenance Overheads
Administrative Costs Total Cost
11
gtgt Epilogue

• Were all in favor of Progress its just that
  none of us wants to make a Change. Mark Twain