TOURISM DEFINITIONS

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TOURISM DEFINITIONS
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TOURISM DEFINITIONS

• Tourism
• Visitors and travelers
• Travel motives
• Tourism system
• Tourism demand
• Tourism supply
• Tourism product

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TOURISM

• The UN WTO defines tourism as the activities of
  persons travelling to and staying in places
  outside their usual environment for not more than
  one consecutive year for leisure, business and
  other purposes (WTO, 1994 8).
• 2 main criteria for tourism
• travel and stay
• outside ones usual environment (see Figure 2).
• Tourism is not only travel it also means staying
  in a destination. Tourism always includes
  travelling.

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• RESIDENTS AND VISITORS

• Residents

Country border/ border of the area of
residence/usual environment
DESTINATION

• Visitors

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Visitors and other travelers
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VISITORS TRAVELERS

• 3 main criteria distinguish visitors from other
  travellers
• the trip should be to a place other than the
  usual environment
• the stay in the place being visited should not
  last more than 12 months in a row
• the main purpose of the visit should not be an
  activity that is remunerated from within the
  place being visited.

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VISITORS OR TOURISTS?

• Term visitor (and not the term tourist) is used
  as the basic concept for tourism. The reason for
  this is historical. In the past, the term tourist
  was traditionally used for people spending the
  night in the place being visited (e.g. for
  overnight visitors). Today, there is a general
  agreement that overnight and same-day visitors
  form tourism phenomena as they are both an
  important market segment in the tourism market
  and the consumers of tourism products.

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VISITORS

• 2 groups
• Tourists (overnight visitors) are visitors who
  stay at least one night in tourist accommodation
  in the place being visited (international and
  domestic tourists).
• A same-day visitor is a visitor who does not
  spend the night in tourist accommodation in the
  place they are visiting. They stay in a place
  they have visited for less than 24 hours.
  (international and domestic same-day visitors).

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TRAVEL MOTIV

• leisure, recreation and holidays
• visiting friends and relatives
• business and professional
• health treatment
• religion/pilgrimages and
• other.

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TOURISM SYSTEM

• Tourism supply
• Tourism demand
• Tourism market

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TOURISM SUPLY TS

• supply is an economic category (S f(P))
• S supply
• P price
• tourism supply can be defined as that quantity
  of tourism product that tourist suppliers are
  willing to sell at the given price level

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TOURISM PRODUCT

• From the standpoint of a tourist, a tourism
  product is the total travel experience from the
  time of their departure to the time of their
  return to the place of their usual environment.
• From the standpoint of seller
• From the standpoint of producer (tour operator,
  hotelier)

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From the standpoint of a tourist (complete
missing fields)
TOURISM PRODUCT
PHYSICAL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
(economic environment)
TOURISM ATTRACTIONS (ecological environment)
IN THE PLACE OF RESIDENCE
AT THE DESTINATION
SOCIAL
WHILE TRAVELLING
CULTURAL
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Tourism attractions

• flora
• fauna
• beaches
• mountains
• rivers, lakes, see
• climate
• sun, snow, wind
• landscape
• space

• events
• music
• tradition
• domestic handwork
• architectural attractions
• other not-to-be-missed-signs

• language
• hospitality
• friendliness
• openness
• safety
• etc.

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Physical products and services

• In the place of residence
• While travelling
• At the destination

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Primary and secondary TS

• 2 criteria for this division
• are the elements the result of human work and/or
  
• can they be reproduced with the same quality
  (attractiveness)?

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Primary tourism supply

• involves goods which have not been produced or
  cannot be reproduced in the same quality
• natural and
• anthropological goods
• such as the Grand Canyon and the Keops pyramid.
  Anthropological goods have also been produced by
  humans, yet these reproductions do not have the
  same tourism attractiveness. A good example is a
  reproduction of a famous painting or the scale
  version of Venice on display in Las Vegas.

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Secondary tourism supply

• encompasses tourism goods which have been
  produced and can be reproduced in the same
  quality
• general infrastructure and
• tourism infrastructure, such as hotel buildings
  or restaurants
• and superstructure, such as services, e.g.
  overnight stay, meal, animation, etc.

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TOURISM DEMAND TD

• Tourism demand represents the readiness of
  tourists to acquire a certain amount of tourism
  product in exchange of a certain amount of money

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The tourists willingness to buy depends on
several factors, such as

• travel motive (consumer need to travel)
• disposable income for tourism recreation
• prices of tourism products
• prices of other products
• free time available and
• tourism attractions.

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TS is specific

• Microeconomic theory income, prices and consumer
  needs for a given product
• Tourism demand is specific, because
• tourists buy a tourism product which is composed
  of several partial products produced and offered
  by many mutually interdependent producers
• tourism requires a certain amount of free time to
  travel and stay in a destination and
• tourism demand is stimulated and created through
  the existence of tourism attractions, e.g.
  elements of our ecological environment the
  quantity and quality of the natural, social and
  cultural environments (environmental or
  ecological quality) forms part of that tourist
  product.

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TOURISM MARKET

• Place where tourism demand meets tourism supply
• The role of the price
• Effective demand, effective supply

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Assignment

• Name main tourism motives for visiting your
  country.

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Assignment

• Name main tourism attractions in your country
  (natural, cultural or social).

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Assignment

• Name some elements of primary tourism supply in
  your country natural and anthropological.

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Assignment

• Name some elements of secondary tourism supply in
  your country.

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Discuss

• Albania has the most beautiful beaches on the
  Adriatic. Are they primary or secondary tourism
  supply? Discuss.