PRODUCTION ECONOMY

1

• PRODUCTION ECONOMY

2
Production economy

• Fixed and variable costs
• Fixed
• Machine (incl. operator)
• Variable
• Material
• Tooling (inserts, drills, tool holders etc.)
• Other factors
• Machining time (not only cutting time)
• Set-up, incl. running-in
• Tool changing time
• Part changing time

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Increasing Speed or Feed

• As speed and feed increase
• Machine utilisation improves giving lower machine
  cost
• Tooling cost per interval increases due to
  increased wear
• Material cost per piece remains constant
• Economic factors
• There is a minimum cost which is a combination of
  all three main cost parameters
• Due to machine limitations and tooling wear,
  there is a limit to the number of pieces that can
  be produced per interval. Beyond this speed,
  fewer pieces are produced
• The economy varies depending on the detail being
  produced (e.g. turning is a quicker operation
  than drilling)

4
Major factors affecting machinability

• Material to be machined
• Insert / cutting tool used
• Machine used
• The cutting data (speed, feed, depth etc.)
• The operation being conducted
• Whether or not cutting fluid is used

5
Product costs

• Cutting Tools, Consumables
• Work piece materials
• Buildings, administration, etc.
• Machine and tool holders
• Labour

• 3
• 17
• 22
• 27
• 31

courtesy of Sandvik Coromant
6
Development of material and tools
Development of recommended cutting speed
in austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316L) with
best available cutting inserts at that time.
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Influence of batch size
Total cost
Saving
Standard
SANMAC
10
20
60
30
40
50
No. of produced pieces
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Production economy
Total cost
Max prod.
Produced pieces per hour
Cost
Tool cost
Min. cost
Machine cost
Max speed
Min. speed
Material cost
Cutting speed/feed/depth of cut
High-efficiency area
9
Customer Benefits

• Improved cutting speeds and feed rates
• More details cut per insert edge (less tool wear)
• Integrated production (own melting)
• Excellent availability (from regional stocks)
• Wide product range (Hollow Bar, Bar, Billet)
• Technical support
• Research Development
• Co-operation between Sandvik Materials Technology
  and Sandvik Coromant

M-Line
10
Economy through productivity

• Material Costs
• 20 increase or decrease in price will only
  change total cost per component by 3
• Increased cutting data
• 20 increase in cutting data reduces total cost
  per component by 15

11
Machinability vs. corrosion resistance
Machinability
2002 (SF20T)
Sandvik 1802
AISI 430F
AISI 303
SANMAC 304
SANMAC 316
AISI 329
SANMAC SAF 2205
AISI 304
AISI 316
Sanicro 28
SAF 2507
Corrosion resistance