Title: Approaches to health Facility Data Collection and Mapping
1Approaches to health Facility Data Collection and
Mapping
- Bolaji Fapohunda, PhD.
- Dai Hozumi, MD, MPH
- JSI, Inc
- 29 March 2006
2Acknowledgement
- Dai Hozumi
- for the presentation given the 2005 Mini MAQ
University, in collaboration with Bolaji
Fapohunda. That work is the source document for
many of the Slides in this presentation
3Objectives of this session
- Discuss the role of health facility mapping in
strengthening health service delivery - Disseminate key approaches to HF mapping,
including advantages and disadvantages of
specific approaches
4Presentation outline
- Role of health facility mapping/assessment
- What is it, what it does and what does not do
- Differences between health facility mapping and
population based surveys - Key approaches to health facility mapping
- Service Availability Mapping (SAM)
- Service Provision Assessment (SPA)
- Health Facility Census (HFC)
- VCT and PMTCT mapping
- Conclusion
5Definition
- Facility Any site where clients receive formal
sector health services - May includes temporary sites/outreach service
sites - Includes stand-alone VCT maternity homes
hospices - Includes private doctor offices (limited
availability of information thus far) - Source Fronczak, Nancy. 2006
6Why collect data on HF
- Huge investments in the formal health sector
- Construction and infrastructure development
- Procurement of equipment and supplies
- Procurement of medicines
- Training
- Pilot projects to strengthen service delivery and
systems (for specific services) - Source Fronczak, Nancy. 2006
7What are the key questions answered by HF data?
- Quantity and availability of services
- Where are the service delivery points?
- What services available?
- In what quantity/frequency?
- How many health workers are working?
- Quality of services
- Is there a standard of care guidelines? Are they
being used? - Are health workers adhering to the guidelines?
- Support mechanism
- Condition of building
- Availability and condition of equipment
- Availability of supplies
- Management systems and practice
8Health facility versus population household based
surveys
9 Pathway to Child Survival Pediatric
HIV/AIDS (adapted from Waldman Bartlett, 2000)
Safest feasible infant feeding
Mother provides safest/feasible IYCF, Vit A
Zinc suppl.
Infant is HIV positive
Mother recognizes signs and symptoms
Wellness
INSIDE THE HOME
Mother continues to give safest/feasible IYCF,
Vit A Zinc supplementation
Improved child health
Provider gives appropriate HIV/AIDS care Rx
based on need /or clinical staging
community- based treatment/care
Growth monitoring CTMZ Micronutrients Water/
sanitation ART adherence counseling
Mother seeks care counseling for signs and
symptoms
OUTSIDE THE HOME
Provider gives appr. HIV/AIDS care Rx.
Facility-based treatment/care
Referral Level care
Mother accepts referral
10Key questions answered by Population-based surveys
- What proportion of the population is using
services? - What is the characteristics of individuals/
households who are using services vis-a-vis those
who are not? - What are the key facilitating and constraining
factors to service utilization? - What are the socioeconomic differences in
morbidity and mortality levels? - How are health outcomes impacted by access to
services?
11 Advantages of HF data
- Contribute to health system strengthening
- Important component of the national HIS
- Increase the domains of data for investigation,
making triangulation possible - HF data can help determine whether population
based surveys are necessary, saving costs (e.g.
the IMCI-MCE Survey). -
12 Characteristics of system strength affected by
HF mapping
- Provisions of basic services
- Well integrated complementary services
public/private, static/outreach, different
levels (pry, secondary, referral) - Efficient use of facility resources, including
personnel, infrastructure, equipment, supplies
and time - Existence of coordinating mechanisms among key
levels and programs outreach departments,
community workers etc - Ownership by, support for, national/community
counterparts - RHIS/monitoring evaluation systems
13Profiles of key approaches
14Key approaches
- Service Availability Mapping(WHO)
- Service Provision Assessment (ORC Macro/USAID)
- Health Facility Census (JICA)
- Facility Audit of Service Quality (UNC/USAID)
- VCT and PMTCT Mapping
15Service Availability Mapping
16Service Provision Assessment
17Health Facility Census
18Estimated cost of capital investment requirement
for Malawi 2004 - 2009
19Facility Audit of Service Quality
20VCT/PMTCT Mapping
21Displaying HF data
- May display data using simple basic maps or
advanced maps
22- Basic versus advanced mapping
- dot map or shaded polygon map displays simple
patterns and geographic dispersions. - Choropleth, or shaded polygon maps can also be a
valuable way to display geographic data. - Software requirements for basic mapping EpiMap,
SIGEpi (produced by PAHO), Healthmapper (WHO) as
well as - ArcGIS.
- Source Spencer, John. 2006
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25- Advanced Mapping key is that data is explored in
greater depth to produce fuller understanding of
the geographic patterns. Require more
sophisticated program such as ArcGIS, and
additional training. - Basic mapping may be transitioned to more
advanced mapping if relevant information is
available and there is adequate planning at the
start of the Project - Source Spencer, John. 2006
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27 28Contact
- Bolaji Fapohunda bfapohunda_at_jsi.com
- Dai Hozumi dhozumi_at_jsi.com