ICFA Standing Committee on Interregional Connectivity SCIC

1

• ICFA Standing Committee on
  Interregional Connectivity (SCIC)

Harvey B. Newman California
Institute of TechnologyICFA Meeting,
ParisFebruary 13, 2004
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ICFA and Global Networks for HENP

• National and International Networks, with
  sufficient (rapidly increasing) capacity and
  seamless end-to-end capability, are essential
  for
• The formation of worldwide collaborations
• The daily conduct of collaborative work in both
  experiment and theory
• Detector development construction on a global
  scale
• Grid systems supporting analysis by involving
  physicists in all world regions
• The conception, design and implementation of
  next generation facilities as global networks
• Collaborations on this scale would never have
  been attempted, if they could not rely on
  excellent networks

3
LHC Data Grid Hierarchy
CERN/Outside Resource Ratio 12Tier0/(?
Tier1)/(? Tier2) 111
PByte/sec
100-1500 MBytes/sec
Online System
Experiment
CERN Center PBs of Disk Tape Robot
Tier 0 1
Tier 1
10 Gbps
FNAL Center
IN2P3 Center
INFN Center
RAL Center
2.5-10 Gbps
Tier 2
2.5-10 Gbps
Tier 3
Institute
Institute
Institute
Institute
Tens of Petabytes by 2007-8.An Exabyte 5-7
Years later.
Physics data cache
0.1 to 10 Gbps
Tier 4
Workstations
Emerging Vision A Richly Structured, Global
Dynamic System
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Bandwidth Growth of Intl HENP Networks (US-CERN
Example)

• Rate of Progress gtgt Moores Law. (US-CERN
  Example)
• 9.6 kbps Analog (1985)
• 64-256 kbps Digital (1989 - 1994)
  X 7 27
• 1.5 Mbps Shared (1990-3 IBM)
  X 160
• 2 -4 Mbps (1996-1998) X
  200-400
• 12-20 Mbps (1999-2000)
  X 1.2k-2k
• 155-310 Mbps (2001-2)
  X 16k 32k
• 622 Mbps (2002-3)
  X 65k
• 2.5 Gbps ? (2003-4)
  X 250k
• 10 Gbps ? (2005)
  X 1M
• A factor of 1M over a period of 1985-2005 (a
  factor of 5k during 1995-2005)
• HENP has become a leading applications driver,
  and also a co-developer of global networks

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History of Bandwidth Usage One large Network
One Large Research Site
ESnet Accepted Traffic 1/90 1/04Exponential
Growth Since 92Annual Rate Increased from 1.7
to 2.0X Per Year In the Last 5 Years
SLAC Traffic 300 Mbps ESnet LimitGrowth in
Steps 10X/4 YearsProjected 2 Terabits/s by
2014
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Internet Growth in the World At Large
The Rate of HENP Network Usage Growth (100 Per
Year) is Similar to the World at Large
5 MinuteMax
20 G
Avg
10 G
Some Growth SpurtsTypically In Summer-Fall
Amsterdam Internet Exchange Point Example 75-100
Growth Per Year
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HEP is Learning How to Use Gbps Networks Fully
Factor of 50 Gain in Max. Sustained Throughput
in 2 Years, On Some USTransoceanic Routes
4 Years Ago ?

• 9/01 105 Mbps 30 Streams SLAC-IN2P3 102
  Mbps 1 Stream CIT-CERN
• 5/20/02 450-600 Mbps SLAC-Manchester on OC12
  with 100 Streams
• 6/1/02 290 Mbps Chicago-CERN One Stream on
  OC12
• 9/02 850, 1350, 1900 Mbps Chicago-CERN
  1,2,3 GbE Streams, 2.5G Link
• 11/02 LSR 930 Mbps in 1 Stream
  California-CERN, and California-AMS FAST
  TCP 9.4 Gbps in 10 Flows California-Chicago
• 2/03 LSR 2.38 Gbps in 1 Stream
  California-Geneva (99 Link Use)
• 5/03 LSR 0.94 Gbps IPv6 in 1 Stream
  Chicago- Geneva
• TW SC2003 5.65 Gbps (IPv4), 4.0 Gbps (IPv6)
  in 1 Stream Over 11,000 km

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Fall 2003 Transatlantic Ultraspeed TCP
TranfersThroughput Achieved X50 in 2 years

• Terabyte Transfers by Caltech-CERN Team
• Nov 18 4.00 Gbps IPv6 Geneva-Phoenix (11.5
  kkm)
• Oct 15 5.64 Gbps IPv4 Palexpo-L.A. (10.9 kkm)
• Across Abilene (Internet2) Chicago-LA, Sharing
  with normal network traffic
• Peaceful Coexistence with a Joint
  Internet2- Telecom World VRVS Videoconference

Juniper, HPLevel(3)Telehouse
SC2003 23 Gbps TCP Caltech, SLAC, CERN, LANL,
UvA, Manchester
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HENP Major Links Roadmap Bandwidth in Gbps
Continuing the Trend 1000X Bandwidth Growth Per
Decade In 2004 A DOE Science Networking
Roadmap Compatible.
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ICFA Standing Committee on Interregional
Connectivity (SCIC)

• Created by ICFA in July 1998 in Vancouver
  Following ICFA-NTF
• CHARGE
• Make recommendations to ICFA concerning the
  connectivity between the Americas, Asia and
  Europe (and network requirements of HENP)
• As part of the process of developing
  theserecommendations, the committee should
• Monitor traffic on world networks
• Keep track of technology developments
• Periodically review forecasts of future
  bandwidth needs, and
• Provide early warning of potential problems
• Create subcommittees as needed to meet the charge
• Representatives Major labs, ECFA, ACFA, N. and
  S. American Users
• The chair of the committee reports to ICFA once
  peryear, at its joint meeting with laboratory
  directors (Today)

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SCIC in 2003-2004http//cern.ch/icfa-scic

• WGs formed in March 2002 Continued Their Work
  ?
• Strong Focus on the Digital Divide Continues
• Progress in Monitoring
• A World Survey of Natl and Intl Networks
  Optical Net Initiatives
• Fewer Meetings in the Last Year 3 in 2003 Versus
  9 in 2002
• Intensive Work in the Field Presentations
  Demos at gt 40 Meetings and Workshops
• E.g., Internet2, TERENA, AMPATH, APAN, CHEP2003,
  SC2003, Trieste, Telecom World 2003, WSIS/RSIS,
  GLORIAD LaunchDigital Divide and HEPGrid
  Workshop February 16-20 in Rio
• HENP increasingly visible to governments heads
  of state
• Through Network advances (records), Grid
  developments, Work on the Digital Divide and
  issues of Global Collaboration (in the WSIS
  Process)
• A Striking Picture is Emerging of Remarkable
  Progress, and a Deepening Digital Divide Among
  Nations

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SCIC in 2003-4A Period of Intensive Activity

• http//cern.ch/ICFA-SCIC/
• Monitoring Les Cottrell (http//www.slac.stanfor
  d.edu/xorg/icfa/scic-netmon) With Richard
  Hughes-Jones (Manchester), Sergio Novaes (Sao
  Paolo) Sergei Berezhnev (RUHEP), Fukuko Yuasa
  (KEK), Daniel Davids (CERN), Sylvain Ravot
  (Caltech), Shawn McKee (Michigan)
• Advanced Technologies Richard Hughes-Jones,With
  Olivier Martin(CERN), Vladimir Korenkov (JINR,
  Dubna), Harvey Newman
• The Digital Divide Alberto Santoro (UERJ,
  Brazil)
• With V. Ilyin (MSU), Y. Karita(KEK), D.O.
  Williams (CERN),D. Son (Korea), H. Hoorani, S.
  Zaidi (Pakistan), S. Banerjee (India), V. White
  (FNAL), J. Ibarra, Heidi Alvarez (AMPATH)
• Key Requirements Harvey Newman et al.

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SCIC in 2003-2004 http//cern.ch/icfa-scic

• Three 2004 Reports Presented to ICFA Today
• Main Report Networking for HENP H. Newman
  et al.
• Includes Brief Updates on Monitoring, the Digital
  Divide and Advanced Technologies
• A World Network Overview (with 27 Appendices)
  Status and Plans for the Next Few Years
  of National and Regional Networks, and
  Optical Network Initiatives
• Monitoring Working Group Report L.
  Cottrell
• Digital Divide in Russia V. Ilyin
• Also See the 2003 SCIC Reports of the
  Advanced Technologies and Digital Divide Working
  Groups

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ICFA Report Networks for HENPGeneral
Conclusions (1)

• Current generation of 2.5-10 Gbps network
  backbones and major Intl links arrived in the
  last 2 Years USEuropeJapan
• Capability Increased from 4 to several hundred
  times, i.e. much faster than Moores Law
• This is a direct result of the continued
  precipitous fall of network prices for 2.5 or
  10 Gbps links in these regions
• Bandwidth Usage is growing by 80-100 Per Year
• Grids may accelerate this growth and the demand
  for seamless high performance
• Technological progress may drive BW higher, unit
  price lower
• More wavelengths on a fiber Cheap, widespread
  Gbit Ethernet
• Some regions are moving to owned or leased dark
  fiber
• The rapid rate of progress is confined mostly to
  the US, Europe, Japan and Korea, as well as the
  major Transatlantic routes this threatens to
  cause the Digital Divide to become a Chasm

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Pan-European Multi-Gigabit Backbone (33
Countries)January 2004
Note 10 Gbps Connections to Poland, Czech
Republic, Hungary
Planning Underway for GEANT2 (GN2) Multi-Lambda
Backbone, to Start In 2005
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Core Capacity on Western European NRENs 2001-2003
10G
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1G
100M
Log Scale
15 European NRENs have made a step up to 1, 2.5
or 10 Gbps core capacity in the last 3 years
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SuperSINET Updated Map Oct. 2003

SuperSINET 10 Gbps
Intl Circuit 5 Gbps

Domestic Circuit 30 100 Mbps

• SuperSINET
• 10 Gbps IP Tagged VPNs
• Additional 1 GbE Inter-University
  Wave For HEP
• 4 X 2.5 Gb to NY 10 GbE Peerings ESNet,
  Abilene and GEANT

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Germany 2003, 2004, 2005

• GWIN Connects 550 Universities, Labs, Other
  Institutions

GWIN Q4/04 Plan
XWIN Q4/05(Dark Fiber Option)
GWIN Q4/03
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ESnet in 2003 OC192 and OC48 Links Coming Into
ServiceConsider Links to US HENP Labs
Evolution Not Sufficient
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AARnet SXTransport Project in 2004

• Connect Major Australian Universities to 10 Gbps
  Backbone
• Two 10 Gbps Research Links to the US
• Aarnet/USLIC Collaboration on Net RD Starting Now

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US-CERN Link, Lambda Triangle US
Connections(Abilene, NLR, TeraGrid)

• To OC192 (10 Gbps) September 2004
• Lambda TriangleStarLight-SURFNet-CERN
• Peer with Abilene,NLR, TeraGrid at 10 Gbps
• Caltech-to-NLR (LA)Dedicated Wave(Cisco
  Donation)First Univ. DirectConnection at 10G

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GLIF Global Lambda Integrated Facility
GLIF is a World Scale Lambda based Lab for
Application and Middleware development, where
Grid applications ride on dynamically configured
networks based on optical wavelengths ... GLIF
will use the Lambda network to support data
transport for the most demanding e-Science
applications, concurrent with the normal best
effort Internet for commodity traffic.
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PROGRESS Rays of Hope in SE Europe (Sk, Pl, Cz,
Hu, )
1660 km of Dark Fiber CWDM Links, up to 112 km.
1 to 4 Gbps (GbE) August 2002 First NREN in
Europe to establish Intl GbE Dark Fiber Link, to
AustriaApril 2003 to Czech Republic. Planning
dark fiber link to Poland this year.
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Digital Divide Committee
2 Years Ago 4 Mbps was the highest bandwidth
link in Slovakia
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Romania Inter-City Links of 2 to 6 Mbps in 2002
Improved to 34 to 155 Mbps in 2003
GEANT-Bucharest Link Improved 155 to 622 Mbps

GEANT connection
Timisoara
RoEduNetJanuary 2004
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GLORIAD Global Optical Ring (US-Ru-Cn)

• Little Gloriad (OC3) Launched January 12
  to OC192 in 2005

Also Important for Intra-Russia Connectivity
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National Lambda Rail (NLR)
Transition beginning now to optical,
multi-wavelength Community owned or leased fiber
networks for RE

• NLR
• Coming Up Now
• Initially 4 10G Wavelengths
• Full Footprint Ops by 3Q or 4Q04
• Internet2 HOPI Initiative (w/HEP)
• To 40 10G Waves in Future

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?
?
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SURFNet6 in the Netherlands 3000 km of Owned
Dark Fiber
40M Euro ProjectScheduled Start
Mid-2005Support Hybrid Grids
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Dark Fiber in Eastern Europe Poland PIONIER
Network
2650 km Fiber Connecting16 MANs 5200 km and
21 MANs by 2005

• Support
• Computational GridsDomain-Specific Grids
• Digital Libraries
• Interactive TV
• Addl Fibers for e-Regional Initiatives

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The Advantage of Dark Fiber CESNET Case Study
(Czech Republic)
2513 km Leased Fibers (Since 1999)
Case Study ResultWavelength ServiceVs. Fiber
Lease Cost Savings of 50-70 Over 4 Yearsfor
Long 2.5G or 10G Links
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18 State Dark Fiber InitiativesIn the U.S. (As
of 2/04) California (CALREN), Colorado
(FRGP/BRAN)Connecticut Educ. Network,Florida
Lambda Rail, Indiana (I-LIGHT), Illinois
(I-WIRE), Md./DC/No. Virginia (MAX),Michigan,
Minnesota, NY New England (NEREN), N.
Carolina (NC LambdaRail), Ohio (Third Frontier
Net) Oregon, Rhode Island (OSHEAN), SURA
Crossroads (SE U.S.), Texas,Utah, Wisconsin
The Move to Dark Fiber is Spreading
FiberCO
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ICFA Report Networks for HENPGeneral
Conclusions (2)

• Reliable high End-to-end Performance of networked
  applications such as large file transfers and
  Data Grids is required. Achieving this requires
• End-to-end monitoring extending to all regions
  serving our community. A coherent approach to
  monitoring that allows physicists throughout our
  community to extract clear, unambiguous and
  inclusive information is a prerequisite for
  this.
• Upgrading campus infrastructures. These are
  still not designed to support Gbps data transfers
  in most of HEP centers. One reason for the
  under-utilization of National and International
  backbones, is the lack of bandwidth to groups of
  end-users inside the campus.
• Removing local, last mile, and natl and intl
  bottlenecks end-to-end, whether technical or
  political in origin.While National and
  International backbones have reached 2.5 to 10
  Gbps speeds in many countries, the bandwidths
  across borders, the countrysideor the city may
  be much less. This problem is very widespread in
  our community, with examples stretching from
  China to South America to the Northeastern U.S.
  Root causes for this vary, from lack of local
  infrastructure to unfavorable pricing policies.

34
ICFA Report Networks for HENPGeneral
Conclusions (3)

• We must Remove Firewall Bottlenecks Another
  Digital Divide also at some Major HEP Labs
• Firewall systems are so far behind the needs that
  they wont match the data flow of Grid
  applications. The maximum throughput measured
  across available products is limited to a few X
  100 Mbps !
• It is urgent to address this issue by designing
  new architectures that eliminate/alleviate the
  need for conventional firewalls. For example,
  Point-to-point provisioned high-speed circuits as
  proposed by emerging Light Path technologies
  could remove the bottleneck.
• With endpoint authentication as in Grid AAA
  systems, the point-to-point paths are private,
  intrusion resistant circuits, so they should be
  able to bypass site firewalls if the endpoints
  (sites) trust each other.
• We should deploy high performance (TCP) toolkits
  in a form that is suitable for widespread use
  by users. We should train the community to use
  these tools well, and wisely.

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SCIC Main Conclusion for 2003Setting the Tone
for 2004

• The disparity among regions in HENP could
  increase even more sharply, as we learn to use
  advanced networks effectively, and we develop
  dynamic Grid systems in the most favored
  regions
• We must therefore take action, and work to
  Close the Digital Divide
• To make Physicists from All World Regions Full
  Partners in Their Experiments and in the
  Process of Discovery
• This is essential for the health of our global
  experimental collaborations, our plans for future
  projects, and our field.

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Inhomogeneous Bandwidth Distributioin Latin
America. CAESAR Report (6/02)



Intl Links0.071 Gbps Used 4,236 Gbps Capacity
to Latin America
Need to Pay Attentionto End-point connections
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SCIC Monitoring WG PingER (Also
IEPM-BW)
Monitoring Sites

• Measurements from
• 33 monitors in 12 countries
• 850 remote hosts in 100 Countries 3700
  monitor-remote site pairs
• Measurements go back to 95
• Reports on link reliability, quality
• Aggregation in affinity groups
• Countries monitored
• Contain 78 of world population
• 99 of Internet users

Affinity Groups (Countries)
Anglo America (2), Latin America (14), Europe
(24), S.E. Europe (9), Africa (21), Mid East
(7), Caucasus (3), Central Asia (8), Russia
includes Belarus Ukraine (3), S. Asia (7),
China (1)  and Australasia (2).
39
Progress Loss Performance
(Cottrell)
Fraction of the Worlds PopulationWith Different
Levels of Packet Loss
Loss Rate lt 0.1 to 1 1 to 2.5 2.5 to 5
5 to 12 gt 12
2001
12/2003

• BUT by December 2003It had improved to 77

• In 2001 lt20 of the worlds population had Good
  or Acceptable Loss performance

40
SCIC Monitoring WG -
Throughput Improvements
1995-2004
Bandwidth of TCP lt MSS/(RTTSqrt(Loss)) (1)
60 annual improvement Factor 100/10 yr
Some Regions 5-10 Years Behind
SE Europe and Parts of Asia May be Catching Up
(Slowly)
Progress but Digital Divide is Mostly Maintained
(1) Matthis et al., Computer Communication Review
27(3), July 1997
41
Derived Throughput (kbps) Between Monitoring
Countries and Remote Regions
Monitoring Country
Remote Region
Good gt 1000 kbps Acceptable
500 to 1000 kbps Poor 200 to 500
kbps Very Poor lt 200 kbps
Intra-Continental Europe (Including Russia and
Baltics), Intra-US Much Improved.Inter-Regional
Connectivity Still Poor to Very Poor. Latin
America, Most of Asia, Africa Still Poor or Very
Poor Far Behind
42
Recommendation 1Work on the Digital Dividefrom
Several Perspectives

• Work on Policies and/or Pricing pk, in, br, cn,
  SE Europe,
• Share Information Comparative Performance and BW
  Pricing
• Find Ways to work with vendors, NRENs, and/or
  Govts
• Exploit Model Cases e.g. Poland, Slovakia, Czech
  Republic
• Inter-Regional Projects
• South America CHEPREO (US-Brazil) EU ALICE
  Project
• GLORIAD, Russia-China-US Optical Ring
• Virtual SILK Highway Project (DESY) FSU
  satellite links
• Help with Modernizing the Infrastructure
• Design, Commissioning, Development
• Provide Tools for Effective Use Monitoring,
  Collaboration
• Participate in Standards Development Open Tools
• Advanced TCP stacks Grid systems
• Workshops and Tutorials/Training Sessions
• For Example Rio DD and HEPGrid Workshop,
  February 2004
• Raise General Awareness of the Problem
  Approaches to Solutions

43
ICTP 2nd Open Round Table on Developing
Countries Access to Scientific Information

• STATEMENT AFFORDABLE ACCESS TO THE INTERNET
• FOR RESEARCH AND LEARNING
• Scholars from across the world meeting at the
  Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical
  Physics (ICTP) in Trieste 10/2003 were
  concerned to learn of the barrier to education
  and research caused by the high cost of Internet
  access in many countries.
• The Internet enables the use of content which is
  vital for individuals and for institutions
  engaged in teaching, learning and research. In
  many countries use of the Internet is severely
  restricted by the high telecommunications cost,
  leading to inequality in realising the benefits
  of education and research. Research staff and
  students in countries with liberal
  telecommunications policies favouring educational
  use are gaining social and economic advantage
  over countries with restrictive, high-cost
  policies. The potential benefits of access to the
  Internet are not available to all.
• The signatories to this message invite scholars
  in every country to join them in expressing
  concern to governments and research funding
  agencies at the effect of high telecommunications
  costs upon individuals and institutions
  undertaking teaching, learning and research. The
  situation in many countries could be improved
  through educational discounts on normal
  telecommunications costs, or through the lifting
  of monopolies. It is for each country to
  determine its own telecommunications policies but
  the need for low-cost access to the Internet for
  educational purposes is a need which is common to
  the whole of humankind.

44
Dai Davies SERENATE Workshop Feb. 2003
www.serenate.org
Ratio to 114 If Include Turkey, MaltaCorrelated
with the Number of Competing Vendors
45
Virtual Silk Highway
The SILK Highway Countriesin Central Asia
the Caucasus

• Hub Earth Station at DESY with access to the
  European NRENs and the Internet via GEANT
• Providing International Internet access directly
• National Earth Station at each Partner site
• Operated by DESY, providing international access
• SCPC up-link, common down-link, using DVB
• Additional earth stations from other sources
  none yet
• Routers for each Partner site
• Linked on one side to the Satellite Channel
• On the other side to the NREN

46
SILK Bandwidth Plan as of March 2003
Note Satellite Links are a Boon to the Region,
but Unit Costs are Very High compared to
Fiber.There is a Continued Need for Fiber
Infrastructure
47

Study into European Research and Education
Networking as Targeted by eEurope
www.serenate.org
SERENATE is the name of a series of strategic
studies into the future of research and education
networking in Europe, addressing the local
(campus networks), national (national research
education networks), European and
intercontinental levels. The SERENATE studies
bring together the research and education
networks of Europe, national governments and
funding bodies, the European Commission,
traditional and "alternative" network operators,
equipment manufacturers, and the scientific and
education community as the users of networks and
services.
From Summary and Conclusions by D.O. Williams,
CERN ?
48
Optics and FibresMessage to NRENs or Natl
Initiatives

• If there is one single technical lesson from
  SERENATE it is that transmission is moving from
  the electrical domain to optical.
• The more you look at underlying costs the more
  you see the need for users to get access to
  fibre.
• When theres good competition users can still
  lease traditional communications services
  (bandwidth) on an annual basis.
• But Without enough competition prices go through
  the roof.
• A significant divide exists inside Europe
  with the worst countries Macedonia, B-H,
  Albania, etc. 1000s of times worse off than the
  best. Also many of the 10 new EU members are 5X
  worse off than the 15 present members.
• Our best advice has to be if youre in a mess,
  you must get access to fibre.
• Also try to lobby politicians to introduce real
  competition
• In Serbia still a full telecoms monopoly
  the two ministers talked and the research
  community was given a fibre pair all around
  Serbia !

49
VRVS on Windows
KEK (JP)
VRVS (Version 3) Meeting in 8 Time Zones
Caltech (US)
RAL (UK)
Brazil
CERN (CH)
AMPATH (US)
Pakistan
SLAC (US)
Canada
25.5k hosts worldwide Users in 99 Countries 2-3X
Growth/Year
AMPATH (US)
50
HEPGRID and Digital Divide Workshop UERJ, Rio de
Janeiro, Feb. 16-20 2004
Theme Global Collaborations, Grids and Their
Relationship to the Digital Divide ICFA,
understanding the vital role of these issues for
our fields future, commissioned the Standing
Committee on Inter-regional Connectivity (SCIC)
in 1998, to survey and monitor the state of the
networks used by our field, and identify
problems. For the past three years the SCIC has
focused on understanding and seeking the means of
reducing or eliminating the Digital Divide, and
proposed in ICFA that these issues, as they
affect our field of High Energy Physics, be
brought to our community for discussion. This led
to ICFAs approval, in July 2003, of the Digital
Divide and HEP Grid Workshop.  More
Information http//www.uerj.br/lishep2004
NEWS Bulletin ONE TWOWELCOME BULLETIN
General InformationRegistrationTravel
Information Hotel Registration Participant List
How to Get UERJ/Hotel Computer Accounts Useful
Phone Numbers Program Contact us Secretariat
Chairmen

• Tutorials
• C
• Grid Technologies
• Grid-Enabled Analysis
• Networks
• Collaborative Systems

SPONSORS
All Sessions and Tutorials AvailableLive Via VRVS
 CLAF  CNPQ FAPERJ       
UERJ
51
World Summit on the Information Society(WSIS)
Geneva 12/2003 and Tunis in 2005

• The UN General Assembly adopted in 2001 a
  resolution endorsing the organization of the
  World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS),
  to be convened under the patronage of the United
  Nations Secretary-General, Kofi Annan, with the
  ITU taking the lead role in its preparation along
  with UN organizations and the host countries.
• GOAL Create An Information Society A Common
  Definition was adopted in the Tokyo
  Declaration, Jan. 2003 One in which highly
  developed ICT networks, equitable and ubiquitous
  access to information, appropriate content in
  accessible formats and effective communication
  can help people achieve their potential
• The Summit offers a unique opportunity for the
  world community to discuss and give shape to the
  Information Society by bringing together
  governments, international organizations, private
  sector and civil society
• ICFA SCIC has been quite active in the WSIS in
  Geneva (12/2003)

52
Role of Science in the Information Society.
Palexpo, Geneva 2004

• CERN SIS Forum, and
• CERN/Caltech Online Stand
• Visitors
• Kofi Annan, UN Secy General
• John H. Marburger, Science Adviser to US
  President
• Ion Iliescu, President of Romania and Dan Nica,
  Minister of ICT
• Jean-Paul Hubert, Ambassador of Canada in
  Switzerland
• Carlo Lamprecht, Pres. of Economic Dept. of
  Canton de Geneva

53
Role of Sciences in Information Society.
Palexpo, Geneva 2003

• Demos at the CERN/Caltech RSIS Online Stand
• World Scale multisite multi-protocol
  videoconference with VRVS (Europe-US-Asia-Sout
  h America)
• Distance diagnosis and surgery using Robots with
  haptic feedback (Geneva-Canada)
• Music Grid live performance with bands at St.
  Johns, Canada and the Music Conservatory of
  Geneva on stage
• Monitoring very large scale Grid farms with
  MonALISA
• Advanced network and Grid-enabled analysis
  demonstrations

54
On Recommendation 1 Work to Close the Digital
Divide Help Bring the Needed Networks to All
Regions

• ICFA Members should work vigorously towards this
  goal Locally, Nationally and Internationally
• Why ?
• Physicists from all world regions have the Right
  to be full partners
• It is the basis of our global community, and
  our largest projects
• Involvement of students, and outreach to the
  community is vital to our field. In modern
  times, this is founded on networks.
• How ? We are the prototypical global
  community
• Developments by HENP of Grids, state-of-the-art
  networks and systems for collaborative work on a
  worldwide scale represent a unique
  opportunity, for science and society
• Work with SCIC other cognizant organizations
• And If We Dont ?
• We fail as the first global community in
  science

55
Recommendation 2 Strongly Supportthe Monitoring
Work

• The IEPM Project http//www-iepm.slac.stanford.ed
  u/ Led by SLAC with help from FNAL and CERN
• This is Imperative, to
• Quantify and Bridge the Digital Divide
• Continue to Work with ICTP and Extend the
  Monitoring Coverageof Developing Countries
• Special Emphasis on Africa and Remote Regions
• Ensure at Least 2 Hosts Monitored in Each
  Developing Country
• REQUEST ICFA (and Other) Assistance Find Sites
  and Contacts in
• Latin America Venezuela, Costa Rica, Honduras,
  El Salvador, Belize, Panama, Bolivia
• Africa Burkino Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Malawi,
  Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, Kenya, Libya, Nigeria,
  Sudan
• Vietnam, Belarus
• Need Funding Agency Representatives are Asked to
  Help/Advise
• US DOE or NSF for IEPM at SLAC
• EU for ICTP that is working with IEPM for
  Developing Nations

56
Collaborations Funding

• Provides Quantitative historical (9 years) and
  near real-time information
• How bad is performance to various regions, rank
  countries?
• Trends who is catching up, who is falling
  behind is progress being made?
• Useful for troubleshooting, setting expectations
  presenting to policy makers, funding bodies
• DOE/MICS Funded 1997 Sept. 2003 (Ended)
• Need funding for the coming year
• Tasks
• BASIC OPERATIONS (0.5 FTE) ongoing maintain data
  collection, explain needs, reopen connections,
  open firewall blocks, find replacement hosts,
  make limited special analyses, prepare make
  presentations, respond to questions
• OPS and DEVELOPMENT (1 FTE) extend the code for
  new environment (more countries, more data
  collections), fix known non-critical bugs, find
  new country site contacts, (many tasks)
• More Information on Needs SCIC Monitoring WG
  Report at http//cern.ch/icfa-scic

57
Recommendations 3 and 4 Digital Divide
Workshops and World Map/Website

• 1st ICFA SCIC DD and HEPGrid Workshop the
  Coming Week
• February 16-20 2004 in Rio de Janeiro (near
  LISHEP)
• Then 1 Workshop Per Year, at Sites that Need
  Help
• Project to Build HENP World Network Map Updated
  and Maintained on a Web Site, Backed by Database
  
• Systematize and Track Needs and Status
• Share Information On
• Links Bandwidths Pricing Vendors
  Technologies
• Problems Overloading ( Where) Quality
  Peering, etc.
• Requirements Are They Being Met ?
• Identify Urgent Cases Focus on Opportunities to
  Help
• Funding Did Not Materialize in 2003 Continue
  to Seek Help (Manpower) and Funds

58
SCIC Work in 2004

• Continue Digital Divide Focus More In-Depth
  Information
• In Europe with TERENA
• In Asia with APAN and KEK
• In US, with Internet2 and ESnet
• On South America, with AMPATH, Internet2, RNP,
  et al.
• Continue on Africa, with Jensen and ICTP Trieste
  
• Set Up HENP Networks Web Site (Get Support
  and/or Funding)
• Continue and if Possible Strengthen Monitoring
  Work (IEPM)
• Continue Work on Specific Improvements, Case by
  Case
• Brazil and South America, with RNP
• Russia
• Pakistan (?) India (?) China (?)
• Romania
• Follow the World Summit on the Information
  Society Process
• Watch Requirements the Lambda Grid Grid
  Analysis Revolutions
• Encourage Creation of a New Culture of
  Collaboration

59
Networks, Grids and HENP

• Network backbones and major links used by HENP
  experiments are advancing rapidly
• To the 2.5-10G range in lt 2 years much faster
  than Moores Law
• HENP is learning to use long distance 10 Gbps
  networks effectively
• 2003 Developments to 5.6 Gbps flows over
  11,000 km
• Transition to a community-owned or leased fibers
  for RE has begun in some areas us, ca, nl,
  pl, cz, sk or is considered de, ro IEEAF
• End-to-end Capability is Needed, to Reach the
  Physics Groups
• Removing Regional, Last Mile, Local Bottlenecks
  and Compromises in Network Quality are now
  On the critical path, in all world regions
• Digital Divide Network improvements are
  especially neededin SE Europe, Latin America,
  China, Russia, Much of Asia, Africa
• Work in Concert with Internet2, Terena, APAN,
  AMPATH DataTAG, the Grid projects and the
  Global Grid Forum