Kristin Heinemeier, Ph.D., P.E.

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Benchmarking to Improve Building Performance

• Kristin Heinemeier, Ph.D., P.E.
• Technical Director
• Brooks Energy Sustainability Lab
• Presentation to the
• Texas Energy Partnership
• September 8, 2004

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What is Benchmarking?

• Question
• How well is my building performing?
• Answer 42
• Next question
• Compared to what?
• Next question
• What should I do about it?

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What is Benchmarking?

• A tool to help support decisions.
• Is my building using too much energy?
• How good are my buildings?
• Where are my energy costs going?
• How am I doing on reaching my goals?
• Which of my buildings need improved maintenance?
• Does my building need retrofits?
• How much should I be willing to spend to do a
  retrofit?

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What is Benchmarking?

• Defining Building Performance
• Comparing it to
• Past performance
• Trending
• Expectations
• Target setting and trending
• Diagnostics
• Other buildings
• Internal benchmarks
• External benchmarks

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Building Performance Metrics

• kWh/month
• Ccf/day
• kBtu/year
• dollars
• kBtu/sqft
• normalized for
• number of days in reading
• weather
• operating hours
• segregated for other drivers
• electric heating, data centers, kitchens

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Benchmarking on Past Performance

• Collect and Calculate metrics
• Trend them over time

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Benchmarking on Expectations

• Setting targets

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Comparing to Other Buildings the Ideal Benchmark

• Comparing to comparable buildings
• climate/location
• size
• building type
• activities
• end uses
• occupancy
• operation and maintenance
• vintage
• Normalized for anything you dont have control
  over.

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Comparing to Other Buildings Internal Benchmarks

• Annual Energy Use

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Comparing to Other Buildings Internal Benchmarks

• Annual Energy Intensity

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Comparing to Other BuildingsExternal Benchmarks
(CBECS)

• DOE Commercial Building Energy Use Compilation
  and Survey
• Southern Census Region, Annual kBtu / sqft
• Education 67.8
• Food Sales 204.9
• Health Care 174.2
• Outpatient Health Care 80.7
• Lodging 101.9
• Mercantile 65.4
• Retail 71.1
• Enclosed and Strip Malls 61.8
• Office 90.7
• Public Assembly 68.2
• Religious Worship 28.9
• Service 157
• Warehouse and Storage 32.9
• Other 105.3
• (www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cbecs)

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Comparing to Other BuildingsExternal Benchmarks
(CBECS)
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Comparing to Other BuildingsEnergy Star Labeled
Buildings

• Recognition for good buildings
• Separate rankings for different types of spaces
• offices, K-12 schools, hospitals, hotels,
  supermarkets
• Describe simple building characteristics
• zip code, sqft, occupants, computers, op. hours
• Enter energy use
• Receive a score based on percentile
• www.energystar.gov

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Comparing to Other BuildingsEnergy Star Labeled
Buildings
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Energy Star Portfolio Manager

• Track energy use and costs
• Benchmark with other similar bldgs. (calculate
  score)
• Benchmark with your other bldgs.
• Set and track baselines and targets
• Track improvements
• www.energystar.gov

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How to do Benchmarking

• Collect energy data.
• Calculate and chart metrics for individual
  buildings.
• Chart trends in individual buildings and groups
  of buildings.
• Define baselines and targets for individual
  buildings or groups of buildings.
• Periodically evaluate your performance and goals.

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• Thank you!
• Questions?

• source www.nisd.net