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SNDC Swedish National Defence College FHS
Försvarshögskolan
Tekn Lic Ingemar A. Lind SEE AVOID
TECHNOLOGIES
Technology to improve on the conditions for UAV
Safe Interaction in Civil Operations (USICO)
UAV-NET Stockholm 23-24 oktober 2001
UAV-NET_Sto_1A23_OH
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See-and-Avoid technologies
(Part of EU proposal USICO)

• Aircraft dependent surveillance
• Sensors /equipment onboard detecting imaging
  sensors, transponder
• Communications networks comm links, (ground )
  air based
• Sense-and-avoid technologies
• Electro-Optical imaging DLR, FHS
• IR DLR
• Microwave Marconi
• Inform-and-avoid technology
• ADS-B NLR - VDL mode 4 FHS
• - Other

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Safe Interaction - methods and means

• Issues of importance circumstances to consider
• Legal
• Existing framework of flight rules
• Deconfliction and collision avoidance rules
  complete and satisfactory ?
• Airspace Structural
• Managed and Unmanaged airspace classes
• Responsibility
• Safe flight problem owner (legally or safety
  wise)
• Situation evaluation on the ground and/or in
  the air
• Resources
• Sensors /equipment onboard detecting imaging
  sensors, transponder
• Sensors on ground radars interrogators
• Communications networks comm links, ground
  air based

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See-and-Avoid technologies the eye The see
function is less than perfect

• The task to see is performed in parallel to
  navigating and
• flying the airplane, talking on the radio and to
  the crew, etc
• Scan the forward sector visually
• check left sector
• check right sector
• discern small picture elements, sorting for
  flying objects
• scan again
• Special attention
• repetition frequency
• scan all sectors
• note pixels that do not move (collision course)
• psychological factors dont get tired
• What standard of performance should be met?

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FHS MTI
Electro-Optical imaging

• Outline of collision detection process
• camera picture scans
• image analysis
• pattern recognition
• trajectory computation
• risk assessment
• collision alert

• Simulation scenery in EO system development
• synthetic camera pictures
• scenery control
• detection threshold determination
• failure mechanisms

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Operations simulations Interactions in civil
airspace
(Part of EU proposal USICO)
Studies of interaction between manned and
unmanned flights in civil managed / unmanaged
airspace, by NLR, DLR, FHS Studies of sensors
and metods för secure co-existence in manned or
unmanned traffic - simulations of See-and-Avoid
sensor functions - simulations of interactions
incl sensor response Adaptation of methods for
environment awareness and deconfliction to UAV
systems - ADS-B procedures, VDL mode 4
technology
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Simulation demonstration
The simulator used is Sim DF at FHS The
scenario A HALE vehicle takes off from the
runway, makes a short circuit and lands again in
heavy crosswind. Its 6 DOF flight dynamics is
fully modelled according to controlling
non-linear aerodynamic and mass models, etc. The
simulation shows the UAV flight
dynamics, manoeuvrability and flight path. Four
sequences are demonstrated on-screen HALE UAV
H3050 - Ready for TO on the runway -
degrees of freedom - controls and landing gear
mechanisms - Landing in crosswind
HALE High Altitude, Long Endurance
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FHS MTI
Activities at FHS / MTI / AFS

• Research on Unmanned Systems
• Simulation technology development
• Simulation applications in teaching at FHS

Purpose of the simulator UAV Sim DF

• Studies of UAV systems in interactive scenarios
• Educational tool in FHS courses
• Development of platforms, subsystems

UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
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Mission simulations at FHS
On-going and planned project studies for the next
few years

• NFFP study on UAVs in Dynamic Engagement with
  Saab - scenario studies
• EU 5th F.P. USICO - UAV Safe Interaction in
  Civil Operations - interations between multiple
  vehicles - strategy and risk evaluation
• FMV Prov/RFN Vidsel Simulation of RB06B target
  missions - simulation involving networked
  computers
• Simulation applications in teaching at FHS
• - simulations of operations scenarios- image
  analysis for target identification- control
  system HW-in-the-loop simulation

AFS
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