Community Youth Development

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Community Youth Development

• Ben Silliman, Ph.D.
• Associate Professor and Extension Specialist
• Department of 4-H Youth Development, NCSU

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Youth developing in communities what a novel
idea!
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Community Youth Development (CYD) Where did
that come from?

• Traditional socialization patterns hard work,
  and maybe a little schooling
• Traditional intervention focus on the problem,
  deal with the consequences
• Traditional education instruct in time-honored
  knowledge and logic

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Community Youth Development Where did that come
from?

• Changing socialization patterns decreased family
  work/increased leisure, child-centered focus on
  school success, leadership
• Changing intervention patterns resources
  concentrated on prevention, intensive treatment
  for a few
• Changing schooling efficiency and practicality
  applied to Classical education

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Community Youth Development(Perkins, et al.,
2003)

• purposely creating environments that provide
  constructive, affirmative, and encouraging
  relationships that are sustained over time with
  adults and peers, while concurrently providing an
  array of opportunities that enable youth to build
  their competencies and become engaged as partners
  in their own development as well as the
  development of their communities. (p. 6)

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4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003 6-8)

• Ongoing, interactive processes synchronized with
  developmental capacities, fostering
• Caring/Compassion
• Competence
• Character
• Connection
• Confidence

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4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003 6-8)

• Philosophy of asset-building,
• risk-prevention, youth engagement

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4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003 6-8)

• Planned and continuous sequence of activities
  that is developmentally appropriate, holistic,
  inclusive, engaging

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4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003 6-8)

• Partner-interactive investing in youth as full
  and consistent contributors of direction,
  insight, energy, and effort in policy, public
  opinion and values, organizational
  practice, youth culture

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Community Youth Development(Small Memmo, 2004)

• Prevention/Resilience Tradition
• Deficit model, limited audience
• Youth Development Tradition
• Middle class, client services
• Community Youth Development
• Engagement beyond risks assets

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Community Youth Development

• Principles (Pittman, 1992, 2000b)
• Problem-free is not fully prepared.
• Fully prepared is not fully participating.
• Individually involved is not community engaged.
  

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Applications ofCommunity Youth Development

• 4-H GIS Club Project Development
• Afterschool Council
• Advocates who dont represent themselves well
• DJJDP Youth Development Centers
• Wheres the Community?

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Supports and Opportunities The Community Action
Framework for YD(Gambone, Klem, Connell, 2002)

• Build Capacity, Improve YD
• Conditions Increase Outcomes ? Youth SO
  ?
• Implement Nutrition, Health Improve YA
• Support Safety, Support Outcomes
• Strategies Involvement
• Challenge

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Community Action Framework

• Theory Sources
• Existing Frameworks (Ecological Model, Risk and
  Resiliency, Change Theory)
• Research on adolescent development
• Innovative programming (PPV Community Change for
  YD, CYDPR YD Mobilization, Search Institute
  Asset Model, National Urban League Community
  Youth Development, DRP Communities That Care,
  NYD SF Beacons YD Learning Network)

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Community Action Framework

• Data Sources
• Michigan Study of Adult Life Transitions, 1984-97
  (15 poverty, range of middle class Whites,
  11-23)
• Maryland Adolescent Development in Context
  Study, 1991-98 (6 poverty, most middle-upper
  middle class African American, Whites, 11-20)

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development as a Function of Supports and
  Opportunities
• Economic Self-sufficiency
• Community Involvement
• Healthy Family Social Relationships
• Overall Early Adult Success

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development Capacities in the Context of
  Supports and Opportunities
• Productive
• School engagement performance, use of free
  time, life skills, work
• Connected
• Connected to adults, peers, organizations and
  institutions

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development Capacities in the Context of
  Supports and Opportunities
• Navigating
• Competence in social settings, risk taking,
  coping and reaction to challenge

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development as a Platform for Young Adult
  Development
• Economic Self-sufficiency
• Community Involvement
• Healthy Family Social Relationships
• Overall Early Adult Success

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development as a Platform for Young Adult
  Development
• Economic Self-sufficiency
• Education, Living Wage, Discretionary Resources,
  Not on Welfare, Job Satisfaction
• Community Involvement
• Law-abiding citizen, Organization member,
  Interact with neighbors, Vote

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development as a Platform for Young Adult
  Development
• Healthy Family Social Relationships
• Physical Mental Health, Good parents,
  Dependable family friend networks, Healthy
  romantic/marital relationships

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development Thresholds for
• Young Adult Developmental Outcomes
• Productive in School, Community, Work
• Risk Grades of C or below, minimal attendance
  and engagement in school
• Optimal Two or more positive indicators (grades,
  engagement, extracurricular)

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development Thresholds for
• Young Adult Developmental Outcomes
• Connected with
• Caring Family, Adults, and Peers
• Risk Problems in one or more relationships
  (family, teachers, friends)
• Optimal Strong relationships with two or more
  networks and not at risk

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Community Action Framework

• Youth Development Thresholds for
• Young Adult Developmental Outcomes
• Navigating Challenges
• Risk One or more markers of failures to navigate
  (delinquency, emotional distress, inconsistent
  problem solving)
• Optimal Low levels of risk behaviors,
  consistently effective problem solving

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Community Action Framework

• Implications for
• Youth Development Programming
• Promote positive development, early intervention,
  meaningful involvement
• Strengthen networks of support
• Provide training and support for coping and
  thriving