EPA Air Toxics Programs

1
EPA Air Toxics Programs

• Ruben R. Casso
• Toxics Coordinator
• EPA Region 6
• Email casso.ruben_at_epa.gov
• Phone [phone]

2
The Federal Government/EPAs Role

• The focus with regard to air toxics is for EPA to
  issue nationwide rules to control air toxics
  emissions at the source.
• EPA does not have ambient air quality standards
  for air toxics
• Regulatory efforts
• Stationary sources major (large) area
  (smaller)
• Mobile source air toxics
• Voluntary efforts
• Support for State/Local community air toxics
  efforts

3
EPAs Relationship with the State

• Congress intended for state agencies to be the
  primary implementers of Air Quality Programs
• EPA approves/delegates the implementation of
  Federal Air Quality Programs to the States
• States may decide to conduct their air quality
  programs/activities at levels which go beyond the
  minimum requirements set forth by EPA

4
EPA Stationary Source Air Toxics Rulemaking

• The CAA identified 188 hazardous air pollutants
  (HAPs) and 174 specific categories to be
  regulated under maximum achievable control
  technology (MACT) rules technology-based rules
  for facilities
• Two phase program for large industrial sources
  (e.g., chemical manufacturers)
• Technology-based standards major sources
• Risk-based review of technology standards
• Technology-based standards for smaller sources
• (or area sources, e.g., dry cleaners)

5
EPA MACT Rulemaking

• EPA promulgated about 100 major source MACT rules
  for specific facility categories
• EPA has begun the process of evaluating residual
  risk on major source MACT rules
• EPA is developing MACT rules for 70 area (minor)
  source categories

6
Mobile Source Air Toxics

• Regulatory Air Toxics Effort
• Mobile source air toxics (MSAT) Rule
• Additional Efforts Diesel Emission Reduction
• School Buses
• Other efforts on vehicles/infrastructure
• Diesel-powered equipment at
• Ports
• Airports
• Rail

7
Mobile Source Air Toxics (MSATs)

• Diesel Emissions
• (Diesel Particulate Matter Diesel Exhaust
  Organic Gases)
• Acetaldehyde, Acrolein, Benzene, 1,3-Butadiene,
  Ethylbenzene Formaldehyde, MTBE, Naphthalene,
  nHexane, Styrene, Toluene, Xylene
• Arsenic Compounds, Chromium Compounds, Lead
  Compounds Manganese Compounds, Mercury Compounds,
  Nickel Compounds
• Polycyclic organic matter (POM), Dioxin/Furans

8
Mobile Source Air Toxics (MSAT) Rule

• Proposed Rule expected February 2006
• Final Rule expected February 2007
• EPA expects the new MSAT rule to have 3 parts
• 1) Fuel controls ( i.e. benzene content in
  gasoline)
• 2) Light-Duty vehicles
• (Evaporation provisions similar to CA
  requirements and cold temperature VOC reduction
  provisions)
• 3) Gas can requirements

9
Additional Ozone SIP State/Local Air Toxics
Emissions Reductions

• Impact of the EPA Air Quality Standards for Ozone
• include requirements to reduce VOC ozone
  precursor emissions under the SIP, some of which
  are air toxics.
• Houston SIP controls in the 2005-2007 time frame
  should result in emission reductions/improvements
  for air toxics
• Highly reactive volatile organic compounds
  (HRVOC) rules will lower 1,3-butadiene emissions
  in the area.
• Benzene emissions will also be reduced through
  SIP efforts.

10
EPA Support for State/Local Community Air Toxics
Efforts

• States may decide to conduct their air quality
  programs/activities at levels which go beyond the
  minimum requirements set forth by EPA
• EPA supports State/local agency efforts to
  address community air toxics
• EPA support flexibility for State/Local agencies
  to address community air toxics in a manner they
  deem appropriate for specific state/local
  circumstances