GEOMETRICAL DESCRIPTION OF FORM

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GEOMETRICAL DESCRIPTION OF FORM

• Geometry provides structural organization, visual
  unity, and scale to architectural compositions.
• Architectural compositions can be considered
  symphonic compositions, in which everything is in
  agreement with everything else, where the parts
  follow the same rules as the whole and viceversa.
  
• Geometric forms in architectural compositions
  tend to be basic or combinatorial, while free
  forms have been long disregarded. In
  combinatorial forms the unity of the composition
  is always at risk.
• Following organizing principles and being guided
  by a geometrical field (structure of the
  composition) minimizes those risks.
• Structure should provide us the needed discipline
  as well as freedom.
• Antoniades

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GEOMETRICAL DESCRIPTION OF FORM

• 1. About the Description of the Formal World and
  the Understanding of Visual Perception
• 2. About Organizing Principles and How to Perform
  Design Manipulations

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1. About the Description of the Formal World and
the Understanding of Visual Perception

• 1.1. Description of the Formal World
• 1.1.1. Physical Properties
• 1.1.2. Parts and Wholes
• 1.1.3. Physical Relations
• 1.1.4. Definition of Form
• 1.1.5. Types of Forms
• 1.1.6. Frames of reference the 2d and the 3d
  canvas
• 1.2. Understanding of Visual Perception
• 1.2.1. Segmentation
• 1.2.2. Figures and Grounds (Gestalt rules)

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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FORMAL WORLD
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.1. PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.2. PARTS AND
WHOLES
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.3. PHYSICAL
RELATIONS
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.3. MORE ABOUT
PHYSICAL RELATIONS
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.4. DEFINITION
OF FORM

• Form is the total visual appearance of a design.
  We identify form by shape, size, color and
  texture. In other words, all the visual elements
  are referred collectively as form.

Structure governs the way a form is built, or a
way a number of forms are put together. This
structure is its internal physical organization,
as described under some specific aspect. It is
the skeleton beneath the fabric of shape, color,
texture, and other aspects of its internal
physical organization.
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.5. TYPES OF
FORMS
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.1.
Description Of The Formal World1.1.6. FRAMES OF
REFERENCE THE 2D AND THE 3D CANVAS
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
UNDERSTANDING OF VISUAL PERCEPTION
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.1.
SEGMENTATION
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2.
FIGURES AND GROUND
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2. MORE
ABOUT FIGURES AND GROUND
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2. MORE
ABOUT FIGURES AND GROUND GESTALT RULES
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2. MORE
ABOUT FIGURES AND GROUND GESTALT RULES
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2. MORE
ABOUT FIGURES AND GROUND GESTALT RULES
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2. MORE
ABOUT FIGURES AND GROUND GESTALT RULES
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1. About the Description of the Formal World
and the Understanding of Visual Perception1.2.
Understanding of Visual Perception 1.2.2. MORE
ABOUT FIGURES AND GROUND GESTALT RULES
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to Perform
Design Manipulations

• 2.1. Organizing Principles
• 2.1.1. Axis
• 2.1.2. Symmetry
• 2.1.3. Rhythm / Repetition
• 2.1.4. Similarity
• 2.1.5. Progression / Gradation
• 2.1.6. Datum
• 2.1.7. Structure

• 2.2. Design Manipulations
• 2.2.1. Instantiation
• 2.2.2. Transformation
• 2.2.3. Combination
• 2.2.4. Replacement

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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.1. AXIS
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.1. MORE ABOUT AXIS IN 3D
COMPOSITION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.2. SYMMETRY
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.3. RHYTHM / REPETITION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.3. MORE ABOUT RHYTHM / REPETITION

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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.3. MORE ABOUT RHYTHM / REPETITION

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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.3. MORE ABOUT RHYTHM / REPETITION

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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.4. SIMILARITY
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.4. MORE ABOUT SIMILARITY
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.5. PROGRESSION / GRADATION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.5. PROGRESSION / GRADATION
HIERARCHY
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.5. PROGRESSION / GRADATION
TRANSITION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.5. PROGRESSION / GRADATION MORE
ABOUT TRANSITION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.6. DATUM
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.6. MORE ABOUT DATUM
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. STRUCTURE
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE TYPES OF
STRUCTURE
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE
REPETITION STRUCTURES
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE GRADATION
STRUCTURES
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE RADIATION
STRUCTURES
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE RADIATION
STRUCTURES CENTRIFUGAL
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE RADIATION
STRUCTURES CONCENTRIC
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.1. Organizing
Principles2.1.7. MORE ABOUT STRUCTURE RADIATION
STRUCTURES CENTRIPETAL
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. DESIGN
MANIPULATIONS

• - Instantiation
• - Transformation
• - Translation
• - Rotation
• - Scaling
• - Stretching
• - Shear
• - Combination
• - Union
• - Intersection
• - Subtraction
• - Replacement

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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.1. INSTANTIATION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.2. TRANSFORMATION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.2. MORE ABOUT TRANSFORMATION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.3. COMBINATION
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.3. MORE ABOUT COMBINATION
ADDITIVE FORMS
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.3. MORE ABOUT COMBINATION
SUBTRACTIVE FORMS
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2. About Organizing Principles and How to
Perform Design Manipulations 2.2. Design
Manipulations2.2.4. REPLACEMENT
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References

• Architecture Form, Space Order, Francis Ching,
  ISBN 0-442-21535-5
• Elements of Architecture, Pierre Von Meiss, ISBN
  0-747-60014-7
• Elements of Architectural Design, Ernest Burden,
  ISBN 0-442-01339-6
• Principles of Form and Design, Wucius Wong, ISBN
  0-442-01405-8