Transmission System Planning CAISO Perspective and Challenges

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Transmission System PlanningCAISO Perspective
and Challenges

• David Hawkins
• California ISO

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CAISO Planning Roles

• Review/comment/approve Transmission Owner 5-year
  expansion plans
• Address seams issues between TO plans
• Support National and Regional Planning activities
• Local Area Reliability Studies - Must Run
  Generation
• Review / comment / approved new generator
  interconnections

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Planning Challenges

• Balkanization of the planning process
• Lack of adequate time for planning due to the
  accelerated permitting, siting, and construction
  of new generation
• Justification of transmission upgrades for
  economic reasons as well as reliability
• Region wide congestion management and common
  models for real-time operations, markets and
  planning
• Public opposition to new transmission projects

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Additional Challenges

• Desire to move to probabilistic planning rather
  than all deterministic planning
• Understand and quantify the economic consequences
  of grid failures
• Need for common definitions of outages and
  failure rates collection and sharing of this
  data
• Lack of universal transformer / line rating
  methodologies

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Security Issues

• Information Security - How to share transmission
  expansion plans / drawings with the public and
  yet not disseminate information that could be
  used by terrorists
• Communications Security - How to protect systems
  from hackers
• Physical Security - Protections of transmission
  lines, substations power plants

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Need for Regional Planning

• The Western Grid acts as an integrated system and
  needs to be planned as an integrated system
• Transmission bottlenecks in one state impacts the
  ability to seamlessly move power from resource
  centers to load centers
• Terry Winters vision is to have a regional
  planning authority with the ability to order
  upgrades where needed in the Western States

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WSCC Network Model Tools

• One single model for Regional studies
• 13,000 buses, 400,000 nodes
• Need Real-time State Estimator and Security
  Assessment Applications
• Need System Restoration analysis tools

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Locations
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Figure 14.b
Transmission Capacity
2010 Gas Scenario
2004 Base System Lines
(Width Indicates Relative Capacity)
Added Capacity
(Width Indicates Relative Capacity)
Capacity Added
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RTO Plans
WestConnect
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Proposed Functions

• One Stop Shopping
• OASIS
• Ancillary Services
• Scheduling
• Market Monitoring
• Inter-Regional Planning
• Seams Disputes Resolution

• Standards and
• Practices
• Common
• Transmission Products
• Interconnection Standards
• Reliability Standards
• ADR (Interregional)
• Protocols Data Standards
• Scheduling Practices
• Pricing
• Compatible
• Congestion Management
• Information Systems

• Shared
• Services
• Back-Up Control Centers
• Employee Training
• Pooled Human Resources
• Purchasing
• Settlements
• Enterprise Software
• IT Systems

• Regional
• Accountability
• Selection of Boards of Directors
• Provider of Transmission Services
• Control Area Operation
• Security Coordinator
• Maintenance
• Outage Coordination
• Capital Expenditures
• Regional Planning
• FERC Compliance