Module 1 DNA 101

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Module 1DNA 101

• Elementary
• Junior High
• Senior High

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Elementary Grades9 to 11 years (Grades 5 - 6)

• Basics
• Slides 5 to 14 10 15 min

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Module 1DNA 101

• Elementary
• Junior High
• Senior High

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Module 1 DNA for Junior HS

• Always check with teacher re content covered in
  class.
• Level of detail can be changed for different time
  allowed.
• Basics
• Slides 5 to 14 10 15 min
• Genomics (optional)
• Slides 15 to 23 5 10 min
• Isolate DNA (Module 2)
• Load gels (Module 5)

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partnership program
Thanks to our sponsors
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DNA 101
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The making of this biotech kit is a collaboration
between the following Lets Talk Science
Partnership sites
and
Project support provided by
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DNA 101

• Have you ever wondered...
• Why you look like your parents or grandparents?
• Why do you have blue eyes and your friend brown
  ones?
• How do cells know what to do what to be?

http//www.jamisbuck.org/images/buck_family.jpg
DNA is the answer!
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DNA 101

• DNA is DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
• DNA is a nucleic acid polymer - a large molecule
  made up of repeating subunits
• sugar-phosphate backbone
• nucleotide bases
• DNA is like a twisted ladder with steps (bases)
  and rails (phosphate sugar backbone)

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DNA 101
The nucleotides are ACGT
G Guanine
C Cytosine
A Adenine
T Thymidine
The Nucleotide Base Rule
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Where do wefind DNA?
http//61.19.127.107/bionew/gene/3chromosme/immage
s/chromosome-DNA.jpg
http//www.phonecorduntangler.com/cimages/sign_1.J
PG
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DNA 101
http//61.19.127.107/bionew/gene/3chromosme/immage
s/chromosome-DNA.jpg
http//www.daviddarling.info/images/karyotype.jpg
or
Male Female
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What is a Gene?

• A gene is a piece of DNA that tells the body how
  to make a certain protein
• The gene that encodes for one protein is in the
  same place in everyones DNA

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ANY QUESTIONS?
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What is a Genome?

• The genome is all the DNA of an organism
• All of the bases in their sequence
• All the genes labelled and what protein they
  encode
• The Human Genome Project was an effort to
  completely sequence and label the human genome

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The Human Genome

• Completed in 2003
• Determined that there are 20,500 genes in our
  genome (we think)
• Now we are working on knowing all the genes
• For many of the parts that look like genes, we
  dont know if they make protein, let alone know
  that protein does.

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The Human Genome

• Contains roughly 3 billion bases
• This means the human genome sequence can be
  converted into 3 GB of computer readable data
• The human genome sequence fits on one DVD

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Our Genome

• As humans, our DNA is 99.9 similar to each other
• How similar is Miley Cyruss DNA when compared to
  a Chimpanzees?

95 (for now)
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Our Genome
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The First Human Genome

• How much of our DNA actually makes genes?
• About 2 to 10!
• We know some of the other DNA helps regulate
  genes. A lot of the rest we just dont know
  what it does.

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One of the Latest Ones!
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Genomics
Xenopus

• What other uses can you think of for the study of
  genomes?
• How important would it be to know the genome of
  animals or plants?
• What animals? What plants?

Arabidopsis thalinana
Think about comparing one genome with another
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ANY QUESTIONS?