Embedding Time in Maps of the New Metropolis

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SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP JUNE 25-26 2002
Embedding Time in Maps of the New
Metropolis Donald G. Janelle Center for
Spatially Integrated Social Science University of
California, Santa Barbara USA
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Outline

• Embedding time within metropolitan maps
• Time-space convergence and land supplies
• Implications for sustainability
• Urban space-time ecology of human activity

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Janelle 1995
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(No Transcript)
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Convergence Rates for Metropolitan Settings
Janelle 1995
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Travel Speeds and Accessible Land Resources from
Urban Center
Janelle 1999
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Janelle 1995
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Implications for Sustainable Environments

• Individual choices and voluntary regions
• Place-based urban realms
• Altering the amenity curves (spatial gradients of
  amenity from metropolitan centers
• Balancing amenity access with mobility

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Urban Space-time ecology of human activity

• The time-geography perspective - Hägerstrand
• Geo-visualization of space-time paths - Kwan
• Space-time diary activity surveys Harvey
  Goodchild Janelle

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An individuals path in time-space coordinate
system -- after Hägerstrand
From B. Lenntorp 1978
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Mei-Po Kwan, 2002 GIS-base 3D geovisualization
of space-time paths of African and Asian
Americans. Data from Portland OR activity surveys
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Embedding Time and Human Activity in Metropolitan
Analysis

• DOMA (Dimensions of Metropolitan Activity)
  Halifax Canada
• Space-time budget surveys and analyses
  (Andrew Harvey 1971-72).
• Approx 2100 one-day diaries spread over the week
  
• 99 activity types (Multinational Time Budget
  Study, Szalai 1972)
• space-time coded to resolution 1-min in time and
  100 m in space
• Time Geography of a Canadian City Project
  (Janelle Goodchild)
• Reconstructing census-like data for any time
  of day
• Factorial ecology based on activity data instead
  of census data (who is where when? What are they
  doing and with whom?)
• PARAFAC 3-mode solution (activities, space, and
  time)
• What is the link between individual behavior and
  urban ecological structure?

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Location Quotients Concentration of Unmarried
Respondents by time of day
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Space-time Ecology of Human Activity in Halifax
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Dominant Activity Patterns By Time of Day
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Parallel on-going projects to embed temporal
perspectives in metropolitan analysis

• Human behaviour and GIS-based environmentally
  sustainable land-use and transportation modelling
  Martin Lee-Gosselin, Laval University
• Access to Activities and Services in Urban
  Canada Behavioural Processes that Condition
  Equity and Sustainability (2000-2005)
  Architects, economists, engineers, geographers,
  and planners, from 8 Canadian universities
• Geomatics Development for Analysis of Time-Space
  Activities in Atlantic Canada Andrew Harvey (PI)
  and researchers from 6 universities in Atlantic
  Canada (2002-
• Emerging Time-geography of Society Time, Space,
  Behavior, and Society Changing Activity Patterns
  of People in the Information Age. A proposed
  international databank for international
  comparison Pip Forer, Andrew Harvey, Donald
  Janelle, Mei-Po Kwan, and Harvey Miller