Tulevaisuuden verkoista

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Tulevaisuuden verkoista

• Mobile networks
• Ad hoc networks
• Pervasive computing
• Ubiquitous computing
• Viral communications
• Context-aware networks
• Sensor networks
• Peer-to-peer networks
• Multi technology networks

• Wireless links
• Identities, roles
• Personalization
• Positioning
• Wearables
• Routing
• Roaming
• Augmented reality

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Past -gt Present -gt Future

• Mainframe era
• many share a computer
• PC era
• one computer, one person
• Internet - Widespread Distributed Computing
• a transition
• Ubiquitous Computing
• many computers share each of us

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Pervasive computing määritelmä

• Pervasive computing is the trend towards
  increasingly ubiquitous (another name for the
  movement is ubiquitous computing), connected
  computing devices in the environment
• Next dimension of personal computing
• Pervasive computing devices are not personal
  computers as we tend to think of them, but very
  tiny - even invisible - devices, either mobile or
  embedded in almost any type of object imaginable,
  including cars, tools, appliances, clothing and
  various consumer goods - all communicating
  through increasingly interconnected networks.

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Pervasive computing ominaisuudet

• Useita laitteita integroituna
• Auton avaimet, autoradio, navigointijärjestelmä
• Auton avaimen käyttö johtaa asetusten
  personointiin
• Useita rajapintoja
• Kosketusnäytöt, äänentunnistus, sensorit
• Online/offline toiminta (piilotettu käytäjältä)
• Useita eri järjestelmiä yhdistetty verkoilla
• Samassa verkossa useita eri toimintoja
• Tietoturvaominaisuudet ja käyttäjien tunnistus
• Personoidut toiminnot

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Today access is channel specific
User in context
Services
For each service
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Pervasive computing The big picture
Concepts, Application areas
Intelligence
Identities, Roles, Communities Authentication,
privacy, personalization Location awareness,
positioning
Middleware/ services
Infrastructure, ad hoc, p2p WAN, LAN, PAN, BAN, PN
Networks
Mobile phones, PDAs, sensors, others
Devices
3G, GPRS, WLAN, BLUETOOTH, ZIGBEE WIMEDIA, UWB,
...
Links
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Digital video
Hi-Fi audio
Graphics
Text
Multi-channel video
Internet
Streaming video
Long Range
GSM/CDMA
GPRS/3G
LMDS
Wi-Fi 802.11b
Wi-Fi5 802.11a/g/HL2
ZigBee 802.15.4
Bluetooth 2
Short Range
WiMedia 802.15.3
Bluetooth 1 802.15.1
RFiD
Low Data Rate
High Data Rate
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Langattomista teknologioista

• WLAN
• 2,4 5 GHz
• 11, 54 Mbit/sec
• max. 2 km
• Bluetooth
• 2,4 GHz
• 768 kB/sec
• max. 100m
• LMDS - Local Multipoint Distribution Service
• LMDS is a wireless technology able to transmit a
  large amount of data and information at a very
  high rate of speed using microwave radios. One
  microwave radio is installed onto a building at
  the client site and another microwave radio is
  installed at the LMDS base station. It can be
  constructed in a point to point or point to
  multipoint fashion.
• 27.50Ghz - 28.35Ghz 29.10Ghz - 29.25Ghz
  30.00Ghz 31.075Ghz - 31.225Ghz.
• 500Mbps

• RFiD Radio frequency indentification
• 100-500 kHz, 10-20MHz, 900 MHz, 2,4 GHz, 5 GHz
• Aktiiviset ja passiiviset tagit
• Lukuetäisyys cm metri
• ZigBee
• 20/250 kbps
• 2.4GHz and 868/915 MHz
• Range 10m nominal (1-100m based on settings)
• WiMedia
• WiMedia is the consumer brand mark for high
  data-rate, wireless multimedia networking
  operating in a wireless personal area network
  (WPAN).
• 2,4 GHz, 1-50 m
• 11,22,33,44,55 Mbps (802.15.3a 480 Mbps)
• UWB Ultra Wide Band
• Ultra Wideband radio is a revolutionary wireless
  technology for transmitting digital data over a
  wide spectrum of frequency bands with very low
  power.
• speed in Gbps

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Networking devices
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The Next Frontier for Wireless
and networking .. the last ten meters
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Personal Networks

• One-time, just-in-time disposable intranets
• Spontaneous, Ad Hoc, opportunistic connections
• Connecting my personal devices
• Small area
• less then 10 meters
• Body area network (BAN)
• Even more personal

WPANs are for your own Personal networks
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PAN vs. PN

• Personal Area Networks (PANs)
• Enhancement of our personal living environment,
  work and private by dynamically networking
  computers, PDAs, phones, headsets, handsets,
  viewers, appliances, sensors and actuators.
• Ad hoc character
• Confined to the vicinity of the person, or
  personal operating space (POS)
• E.g., IEEE 802.15, Bluetooth, IrDa, UWB

• Personal Networks (PNs)
• Network centered around a person and his/her
  needs
• Resources and partners are not necessarily in the
  close vicinity of the person
• Dynamic in composition, configuration and
  connectivity depending on time, place and
  circumstances
• Core consisting of a PAN extended on-demand with
  personal resources or resources belonging to
  others.

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Verkkojen rakenteesta

• Infrastruktuuriverkot
• Tyypillinen WLAN verkko, jossa tukiasemilla
  katetaan alue
• Staattinen rakenne
• Roaming mahdollista

• Ad hoc verkot
• Mobiilit muodostavat verkon lennosta
• Dynaaminen rakenne
• Ongelmia dynaamisuudesta johtuen

• Peer-to-peer verkot
• Voivat perustua joko infrastruktuuriverkkoihin
  tai ad hoc verkkoihin (ajatusmalli itse
  verkkorakenteen päällä)
• Tavoitteena kuorman jakaminen verkkoon