Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology

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Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and
Cosmology

• KIPAC Strategic Overview
• D(OE)Day 2006
• Roger D. Blandford

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FKB Dedication

• March 17 2006
• 3yr. after Inauguration
• Reps Eshoo Honda
• Fred Kavli speech in Congressional Record

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Physics-Astrophysics Building

• Complete July
• Move August
• Share w HEPL
• 2 floors labs
• 2 floors offices
• Campus center
• Retain offices on 2nd, 3rd floor Varian
• Fast link with FKB
• Primary offices, secondary space

4
Personnel
5 New Joint Faculty Members 2 Senior, 3 Junior

• 33 Full Members
• 6 Associate Members
• 20 Postdocs
• 36 students (including rotators and students of
  members)

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Transitions

• Departures
• Five postdocs have faculty positions!
• Frolov, Lyutikov, Peterson, Sako, Spitkovsky
• Marshall-gtUCSB TABASGO Fellowship
• Three grad students -gt postdocs
• Arrivals
• Offer to joint theory assistant professor
• Jha - Panofsky Fellow
• Eight new postdocs (three GLAST)
• Alvarez, Escala, Funk, Kazantzides, Nagataki,
  Oguri, Paneque, Stawarz
• Seven new grad students admits declare interest
  in astrophysics

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Risa Wechsler (Fall 2006)

• New Assistant Professor
• Galaxy Formation and Growth of Structure
• Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago
• Numerical simulations and data analysis ofSloan
  Digital Sky Survey Data
• Dark Energy Survey Team Member
• Non-programmatic search
• Felicitously a programmatic appointment as ideal
  person to phenomenological support of LSST
• Also some particle physics background
• Very interested in teaching and outreach activity

Next Searches (Provisional) Junior
Experimental Physicist, GLAST physics
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PPA Director P. Drell
VP Research A. Bienenstock
KIPAC Advisory Board
KIPAC
SLAC PPA Division
Physics Department
HEPL Director R. Byer Deputy Director B. Cabrera
Director R. Blandford
HEPL / KIPAC Managing Director N. Christiansen
Assistant C. Aguilar
Assistant Z. Mahdavi
Deputy Director S. Kahn
LAT P. Michelson
Assistant M. Siegel
KIPAC PHYSICS S. Allen R. Blandford V.
Petrosian
COMPUTING T. Abel S. Marshall
LSST S. Kahn K. Gilmore
GLAST PHYSICS R. Blandford E. Bloom
GLAST ISOC R. Cameron S.Kahn
SNAP W. Craig
ENTERPRISE B. Cabrera S. Church T. Kamae
gt170 people SLAC supports lt6 postdocs
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KIPAC Science Organization

• Organized administratively into
• KIPAC Physics (Steve Allen/Roger Blandford)
• Joint organization mixing Campus, SLAC
• GLAST-Physics (Roger Blandford/Elliott Bloom)
• SLAC organization interfaces with LAT project and
  campus
• Dark matter, particle acceleration, relativistic
  outflows
• GLAST-ISOC(Rob Cameron/Steve Kahn)
• KIPAC Computing(Tom Abel/Stuart Marshall)
• Encourage scientific interactions
• Actively encouraging collaborations and
  discussions through
• Teas
• Seminars
• Cosmology tutorials
• GLAST meetings
• Joint GLAST student tutorials etc.

FKB is great for this!
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The Science of KIPAC

• Particle Astrophysics
• Black Holes, Neutron Stars, White Dwarfs
• GRBs, magnetars, supernovae
• Accretion disks and jets
• Relativistic shocks, particle acceleration,
  UHECR
• Solar Physics
• Cosmology
• Dark energy, dark matter
• Gravitational lenses
• Clusters of galaxies and intergalactic medium
• Microwave background observations
• First stars, galaxy formation
• Supernovae

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EPP2010 Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and
Time

• Objectives LHC, ILC, Particle Astrophysics, ?
  Physics
• Action Item 4
• Scientific priorities at the interface of
  particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology
  should be determined through a mechanism jointly
  involving NSF, DOE, and NASA, with emphasis on
  DOE and NSF participation in projects where the
  intellectual and technological capabilities of
  particle physicists can make unique
  contributions. The committee recommends that an
  increased share of the current U.S. elementary
  particle physics research budget should be
  allocated to the questions identified below.
• Three major questions in astrophysics and
  cosmology research could lead to discoveries with
  potentially momentous implications for particle
  physics
• The direct detection of dark matter in
  terrestrial laboratories, which then could be
  combined with measurements of candidate dark
  matter particles produced in accelerators.
  (CDMS2,Ted Baltz)
• The precision measurement of the cosmic microwave
  background polarization, which would probe the
  physics during the inflation that appears to have
  occurred within a tiny fraction of a second
  following the Big Bang. (QUaD, QUIET, RB)
• The measurement of key properties of dark energy.
  (LSST, SNAP, RB, Steve Kahn)

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SUSY Dark Matter
Baltz, Wai will discuss

• Baltz et al have carried out a major study of the
  joint constraints that GLAST and LHC will be able
  to set on the nature of dark matter if it
  comprises supersymmetric particles. Further
  implications for the Linear Collider have also
  been given.
• Wai and Peng have extended these calculations to
  allow for the possibility that that the dark
  matter in the Milky Way is clumped.

Baltz, Battaglia, Peskin, Wizansky
Wai, Peng
Explore below on and above ground !
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QUaD

• High angular resolution observations of microwave
  background
• E-mode measurements of linear polarization

Church et al
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SDSS-II Supernova Survey
SN2005hk
SN2005ja
Ia-pec z0.0131
Ia z0.322
Successful 2005 run spectroscopically confirmed
120 type Ia (12 probable Ia) SNe in the
redshift desert
Hobby-Eberly Telescope confirmed 40 high-z Ia (z
gt 0.2) highest z0.42 Analysis underway.
Masao Sako, Roger Romani, Chen Zheng, Roger
Blandford, Steve Kahn
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Bayesian analysis of gravitational lens modeling

• Suyu, Marshall and Blandford have devised new
  methods for inverting gravitational lenses that
  allow the lens mass distribution to be inferred
  in a model-independent fashion.

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Kinematical vs dynamical models of X-ray cluster
data
Constant jerk parameter j models
Constant equation of state w models
q0 -0.81 - 0.14 j 2.16 0.81- 0.75
?m 0.306 0.042- 0.040 w -1.15 0.14- 0.18
Rapetti, Allen, Amin, RB
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Black Holes are Green

• By studying the inner regions of nine
  elliptical galaxies with Chandra, Steve Allen and
  colleagues have measured the rate at which hot
  gas accretes onto massive black holes in the
  nuclei of elliptical galaxies to form outflowing
  jets which create huge cavities in the
  surrounding gas.

They were able to compute the efficiency of the
black holes which is impressively high, 0.02.
This research was the subject of a recent NASA
Space Science Update.
NGC 4696
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First stars (Abel, Wise Bryan)

• Radiative transfer incorporated in gas
  dynamical/chemistry AMR codes for first time
• Simulate what a newly formed star does to its
  environment.

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The warm-hot intergalactic medium

• Roughly half of the baryons in the local universe
  is thought to exist in the form of warm-hot
  intergalactic gas.
• Chandra observations of the nearby BL Lac object
  Mrk 421appeared to show absorption lines from
  highly ionized Oxygen.
• An analysis of a longer XMM-Newton observation by
  Rasmussen, Kahn et al showed that these features
  are probably spurious so that this gas has not
  yet been discovered.

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Gamma Ray Jets

• Study properties of AGN jets as will be observed
  by GLAST
• Large observational program with VLBA
• X-ray observations with Chandra
• Instrument simulations
• Phenomenological studies
• Theoretical investigations
• Blandford, EdCeS, Kamae, Madejski, Tajima..
• Several students interested

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Swift observations of long GRBs

• A two component jet model fit to the X-ray
  light curve of gamma-ray burst 050315, designed
  to explain the flat decay phase. This has
  implications for the efficiency and energy budget
  of GRBs, as well as for the physics of
  collisionless relativistic shocks.

Granot et al
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Pulsar magnetospheres

• 3D simulation of the structure of magnetic field
  in force-free approximation. This is a classic
  problem first posed by Scharlemann and Wagoner in
  1971 and is now solved. It can be used to predict
  the gamma ray emission that will be seen by
  GLAST.

Spitkovsky
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3D Relativistic MHD simulation of Black Hole
Accretion Disk

• This is what a distant observer would see if she
  could image the inner parts of the disk as may be
  possible one day.
• The inner ring is a gravitationally lensed image
  of the accretion torus produced as light orbits
  the black hole on its path to the observer.

Fuerst
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Projects Status

• GLAST
• LAT shipped 2007 launch
• GLAST physics progressing
• Integrate campus and SLAC efforts
• LSST
• Approved by EPAC, January 2006
• Directors Review- March 2006
• Presentation to P5 - April 2006
• SNAP
• SLAC involved with electronics and fine guidance
  system (joint with Lockheed).
• QUaD/QUIET(Church)
• Results/NSF Funding
• NuSTAR
• Cancelled by NASA one month ahead of technology
  review (Exploration initiative, shuttle/space
  station, and overruns on science missions
• PoGO (Kamae)
• Japanese-Swedish-NASA no DOE

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GLAST ISOC Development
LAT Shipped May 2006!

• Operations systems
• ISOC participating in GLAST ground system tests
  with NASA
• Next GLAST operations test scheduled for 25-26
  July 2006
• Next operations software release (2.0) in late
  June 2006
• ISOC also supporting LAT Integration Test
• Science systems
• LAT Data Challenge 2
• March May 2006
• Exercises ISOC science analysis software and
  processing
• Based on 55 days of simulated LAT data for entire
  sky
• ISOC Operations Facility at SLAC
• Operations control room area and dataflow lab
  located in Building 84 (Central Lab Annex)
• Build-out and dataflow lab extension scheduled
  for August 2006 - January 2007
• ISOC operations staff offices also moving to
  Building 84

The DC2 Sky
Eduardo do Couto e Silva
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LSST Precision on DE Parameters
Phil Marshall - Breakout
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LSST Camera Assembly
Utility Trunk
Cold Plates
BEE Module
Cryostat outer cylinder
Focal Plane fast actuators
Raft Tower (Raft with Sensors FEE)
L3 Lens in Cryostat front-end flange
Filter Changer rail paths
Shutter
L1/L2 Housing
Camera Base Ring
Filter Carousel main bearing
Filter in stored location
L1 Lens
Camera Housing
L2 Lens
Filter in light path
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The NASA/DOE Joint Dark Energy Mission

• Will probe DE primarily via measurement of Type
  1a SNe to constrain the dL versus z relationship,
  and through weak lensing.
• Joined SNAP collaboration
• Plan is for SLAC to design and develop the
  Observatory Control Unit and associated flight
  software builds well on SLAC experience in
  GLAST.
• Strong lensing science
• The recent NASA/DOE cooperative agreement makes
  it clear that the SLAC experience in working with
  both agencies will be a key asset for this
  project.

BE Program deferred
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Balloon-borne X-ray polarization experiment,
PoGOLite
Kamae et al.
Predictions by
the polar cap model
the caustic model
the outer gap model
The polarization signal PoGOLite will measure in
6 hrs for the first peak (P1, 3ms wide) of Crab
Pulsar for the polar cap (red), slot gap/caustic
(blue) and outer gap (black) models. Additional
constraints will come from the second peak and
the interpulse.
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Computing Plans

• Central to KIPACs future
• Large ambitions, strong needs
• White Paper -Twin Goals
• To contribute effectively scientifically in LSST
  (30PB) era
• Evolution SDSS2, HAGGLES, Millennium. LSST
• To perform prescriptive simulations of cosmic
  phenomena in 6D
• Radiative transfer, kinetic theory of plasmas,
  chemistry
• GBACC meeting at SLAC
• Pierre Schwob Computing Center
• Joint SCIDAC proposals with UCSC etal
• Effective participation by SCS in LSST-Computing
• Working with other parts of SLAC

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Summary

• Great scientific contributions over a wide a
  range of particle astrophysics and cosmology
• Integrated into reorganized SLAC
• New building(s)
• Ambitious computing plans
• Impressive progress on GLAST (2007), LSST
• SDSS-2, QUIET very promising
• SNAP enthusiasm and participation. NASA???
• Other possibilities being explored, like HED
  physics