History of Design

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History of Design
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Drawing

• A means for communication
• Design is used to relay a visual concept

Safety Proportion Line
Quality
Color Texture
Efficiency Shape

Durability
Tolerance
Functionality
Maintenance Consideration
Elements
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Change

• Technology has made advances in fabricating and
  design techniques that are clearly seen looking
  back through history

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Before the Industrial Revolution

• Cave men
• Scratched symbols and scenes on cave walls
  providing us with a record of life and skills
  known during the Stone Age
• The Oudea fortress
• The first known floor plan of buildings to be
  constructed in an orderly fashion
• Objects were handmade one at a time

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Early Drafting Tools
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Fabricating Techniques 4000 BC-1800 AD
Forming Processes
Hammering, Stamping, Casting
Joining Processes
Soldering, Riveting, Forge Welding, and Gluing
Example of an early cast piece
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Industrial Revolution

• Parts were made in batches (1850)
• Mass production (1900)
• Need for interchanging parts
• Measuring tools were developed
• Profits
• Efficient use of time and materials
• Replacement parts were desired

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Fabricating Techniques 1800AD-1900AD
Forming Processes
Electroplating, Steel Rolling
Tools
Shaping, Milling
Example of milling
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Fabricating Techniques 1900AD-1920AD
Forming Processes
Tube Rolling, Hot Extrusion
Tools
Geared Lathes, Hobbing,
High Speed, and Carbide Tools
Example of a geared lathe
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Fabricating Techniques 1920AD-1970AD
Forming Processes
Powdered Metals, Electroforming, and
Explosive Forming
Tools
Numerical Control, Electrical and Chemical
Machining, and Synthetic Diamond
Example of a CNC part
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Fabricating Techniques 1970AD-2000AD
Forming Processes
Plastic Forming, Computer-Aided Design and
Manufacturing, and Rapid Prototyping
Tools
Coated Tools, Water Jet Machines, Electrical
Discharge, Industrial Robots, Programmable Logic
Controls, and Unattended Factories
Example of Stereolithography
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Current Drafting and Design Tools
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Manufacturing Techniques
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Sources

• http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient
• Project Lead the Way History of Design PowerPoint
  slideshow
• www.pltw.org