The Internet

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The Internet

• By Gena Meredith
• Spartanburg County School District Five

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What is the Internet?

• Computer Network
• any group of two or more computers linked
  together by cabling, telephone lines, or other
  media
• users can communicate and share resources
• Internet
• thousands of academic, business, and government
  networks connected together

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Computer Network
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Internetworking - A Network of Networks
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Communications Protocols

• Most computers on early Internet used the UNIX
  operating system
• Need to connect dissimilar computers with
  different operating systems
• A suite of communications standards, protocols,
  was developed which is now the required method
  for communication on the Internet
• TCP/IP
• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

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What is the WWW?

• World Wide Web
• originally developed by physicists in Geneva,
  Switzerland to exchange data and research
  materials with other scientists
• The Web gathers Internet resources from all over
  the world into menu pages or screens on your
  computer
• Pages are connected together using hypertext
  links, which enable you to jump from one link to
  another
• Part of the Internet
• the most current and most updated
• constantly changing resources
• using a browser you can access other parts of the
  Internet

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Hardware Requirements

• A personal computer
• Access to an Internet host provided to you by
  an Internet access provider
• Physical connection
• network cable
• modem and telephone line
• cable modem

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Communications - Modem and Telephone Line
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Software Requirements

• Internet protocol, TCP/IP
• provided by the Internet access provider
• A version of TCP/IP that can be transmitted over
  a telephone line or cable
• Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP), or
• Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
• Internet front-end software application
• the software you interact with to find and use
  Internet resources
• Netscape Communicator

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Requirements for an Internet Connection
End-user application Netscape,
Mosaic, Telnet, and so forthSOFTWARE
Internet protocols TCP/IP software PPP or
SLIP for dial-up ComputerHARDWARE Modem
and telephone line Network-access or hardware Ne
twork adapter
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Accessing the Internet

• Internet access provider
• gives you your Internet host name and user name
• supplies
• software you need to connect
• protocols such as TCP/IP
• front-end software such as Netscape Communicator

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Types of Access Providers

• Corporate
• large company or educational institution that has
  a network that is already connected to the
  Internet
• Free-Net
• free municipal computer networks that connect to
  the Internet, ex. Public library
• Commercial
• Internet access provided for a fee
• User dials into that providers host from their
  own computer by using a modem and telephone line.

Go To Corporate
Go To Free-Net
Go To Commercial
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User Name andFull Internet Addresses

• Each individual user on the Internet has his or
  her own user name
• ex. MEREDIGM_at_SPART5.K12.SC.US
• ex. MEREDIGM_at_HOME.COM

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Top Level Domains
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Netscape Navigator

• By Gena Meredith
• Spartanburg County District Five Schools

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Netscape Communicator

• Netscape Navi gator
• Access information on the Internet
• Netscape Messenger
• Create and view email messages and look up email
  addresses
• Netscape Collabra
• Access discussion groups, which can function as a
  central place for people to go for information
• Netscape Composer
• Create and edit Web pages

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Home Page

• The first screen you see when you start Navigator
• District Five Home Page
• www.spart5.k12.sc.us

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Navigator Toolbars
Navigation toolbar
Location toolbar Personal toolbar
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Universal Resource Locators (URLs)

• The standard naming methodology for location
  information
• Syntax sourcetype//hostname/path/filename
• sourcetype - identifies the type of application
  used to access the information
• hostname - specifies where the host resides
• path - identifies the path that is taken to the
  file
• http//www.yahoo.com/ (type in this URL)

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Using Yahoos List of Subjects

• Click on the Computers Internet link
• Click on the following sequence of links
• Internet
• Online Teaching and Learning
• Teacher Resources

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Searching the World Wide Web
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Search Services

• Search Engines
• perform simple, one-word searches by using
  phrases or special symbols
• Web Guides
• Perform simple and complex searches, and also
  have lists of categories from which you can
  narrow down your search
• White Yellow Pages
• Search for peoples email addresses
• Topic Specific
• Search for specific information, depending on the
  tool

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Practice Searching

• In the Navigation toolbar, click on the Search
  button
• Click on the Excite link
• In the search field, type weather
• Click on Search
• Go back to the Excite web page and search for a
  topic of your choice

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Using Boolean Operators

• Click on the Back button to go back to the
  Excite search service
• In search field type
• weather Spartanburg SC
• Click on Search button
• Scroll down to see links to Spartanburgs weather
  information

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Search Tips

• Computers follow instructions literally
• Check spelling carefully
• A topic that is too global, ex. computers, will
  cause too many documents to be found
• A topic that is too specific may bring up no
  matches
• Refine your searches by using special symbols
  such as ,,-,, and Boolean operators such as
  AND, OR, NEAR. Each search tool has a unique
  syntax for Boolean operators and most provide a
  Help page for this.

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Meta Search Engines

• Meta search engines search many search engines at
  once
• Dogpile www.dogpile.com
• Highway 61 www.highway61.com
• MetaFind www.metafind.com
• MetaSearch www.metasearch.com

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Bookmarks

• Netscape saves the location of a document in the
  Bookmarks menu
• Bookmarks are stored on the hard disk of your
  computer in a file called bookmark.htm

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Using Bookmarks

• Click on the Bookmarks button
• Point to the Travel And Leisure folder
• Click on The Weather Channel
• Go to some of the other links in your Bookmarks
  menu

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Save the Original Bookmarks

• Follow the Instructors directions to save the
  original bookmarks on a diskette.
• You will restore these on the computer at the end
  of the course.

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Adding Bookmarks

• In the Location field type www.pbs.org
• Click on Teacher Source link
• Click on the Bookmarks button
• Click on Add Bookmark

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Organizing Bookmarks

• Click on the Bookmarks button, and choose Edit
  Bookmarks
• To create a new folder, click on Bookmarks for
• Click File New Folder and type yournames
  folder. Click on OK
• Drag your PBS Teacher Source bookmark into your
  folder
• Click on your folder
• Press the delete key on your keyboard
• Close the Bookmarks window

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Use the Bookmark Icon

• Create a Teaching Resources folder
• Find to the Bookmark icon on the Location
  toolbar
• Drag the Bookmark icon to the Teaching
  Resources folder in your bookmarks menu to place
  the bookmark in the folder

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Securing your Internet Account

• Choose a safe password
• Encrypt your data
• converts it to a form that is readable only by
  those to whom you give your personal decryption
  key
• Avoid Internet Viruses
• if you download a program, check it immediately
  for viruses

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Plug-ins

• Software programs that you can add to supplement
  Netscapes capabilities
• ex. A plug-in may give you the ability to play
  audio samples or view movies
• You can download plug-ins to your hard disk by
  using instructions that come with the plug-in

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A Corporate Internet User
Your office
Your local network connection
Internet connection
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Using a Free-Net
Public library
Your home
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Using a Commercial Internet Access Provider
Your office
Modem