ISC 551 Chapter Two Notes

1
ISC 551 - Chapter Two Notes

• Guidelines,
• Principles, and Theories

2
Summary

• Use of theories and taxonomies
• OAI model
• level-structured learning (layered)
• Usage profiles

• 8 Golden rules of interface design
• Task-technology fit theory
• Interface consistency issue

3
8 Golden Rules

• Strive for consistency
• Cater to universal usability
• Offer informative feedback
• Design dialogues to yield closure
• Prevent errors
• Permit easy reversal of actions
• Support internal locus of control
• Reduce short-term memory load

4
Error rates

• Preventing mistakes
• Graying out incorrect actions based on program
  state
• Reducing data entry requirements (shortcuts list
  frequently used or last-used lists)
• Prompting to complete sequence or automatic
  sequence completing
• Layout (big buttons)

5
OAI Model

• Key points
• emphasis on direct manipulation
• visual metaphors for objects and actions
• reduction of syntax
• interface design begins with understanding the
  task

6
Usage profiles (p. 67)

• Generic user profiles
• Novice or first-time users
• Knowledgeable, intermittent users
• Expert, frequent users
• Design issue
• How do we design interfaces when user pool
  consists of combinations of profiles?

7
Task-technology fit theory

• Asserts that the degree of match between a
  technologys characteristics and a users task
  characteristics will affect individual task
  performance

8
Technology-to-Performance Chain (Goodhue
Thompson)
Task Characteristics
Task-Technology Fit
Performance Impacts
Technology Characteristics
Individual Characteristics
Expected Consequences of Utilization
Utilization
9
TTF Applied to HCI
Task Characteristics
Performance
Task-Technology Fit
Interface Characteristics
Individual Characteristics
10
References

• Goodhue, Dale, and Thompson, Ronald,
  Task-Technology Fit and Individual Performance,
  MIS Quarterly (192), June 1995, pp. 213-236
• Grudin, Jonathan, The Case Against User
  Interface Consistency, Communications of the ACM
  (3210), 1989, pp. 1164-1173
• Shneiderman, Ben, and Plaisant, C. Designing the
  User Interface Strategies for Effective
  Human-Computer Interaction, 1998,
  Pearson/Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, 2004
• Zhang, Ping, Izak Benbasat, Jane Carey, Fred
  Davis, Dennis Galletta, and Diane Strong (2002),
  Human-Computer Interaction Research in the MIS
  Discipline, Communications of the AIS, volume 9,
  article 20, pp. 334-355.