Will Work for Candy

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Will Work for Candy
Motivational Techniques that Work

• Trudi E. Jacobson, Coordinator of User Education
  Programs, University at Albany, SUNY
• Stephan J. Macaluso, Distance Learning Librarian,
  SUNY New Paltz
• Lijuan Xu

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What problems have you faced in regard to student
motivation?
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What motivated you to attend this ACRL conference?
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Motivation Theories

• Extrinsic vs. intrinsic motivation
• Kellers ARCS model

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Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Motivation

• Extrinsic motivation
• External and tangible
• Intrinsic motivation
• Internal and intangible

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ARCS Model

• Attention
• Relevance
• Confidence
• Satisfaction
• John Keller Strategies for Stimulating

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ARCSAttention

• Capture interest and stimulate curiosity to learn
• New approaches
• Environmental change
• Varied activities

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ARCSRelevance

• Meet personal needs and goals
• Goals and objectives sharing
• Familiar examples
• Various strategies

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ARCSConfidence

• Help them believe/feel they will succeed and
  control their success
• What is expected of them
• Mastery experiences

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ARCSSatisfaction

• Reinforce accomplishment with rewards
• Interaction
• Application opportunities

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Motivationgroup differences

• Traditionalists
• Baby Boomers
• Generation Xers
• Millennials
• Lynne C. Lancaster and David Stillman When
  Generations Collide?

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Practical Motivators

• Teaching behaviors
• Course design elements
• Active engagement
• Autonomy

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Teaching Behaviors

• Enthusiasm
• Clarity
• Interaction

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Enthusiasm

• Voice
• Gestures
• Movement
• Facial expressions
• Eye contact

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Clarity

• Speech
• Presentation
• Outline
• Major points
• Examples
• Review and Summary

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Interaction

• Address students by name
• Praise
• Deal with student errors
• Use various methods and activities
• Small group discussion
• Hands on
• Writing to learn

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Course Design Elements

• Course topics
• Course goals objectives
• Methods of instruction
• Course assignments
• Syllabus
• First impressions first day of class

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Active Engagement

• Can you learn how to ride a bicycle or how to
  kiss from a lecture?
• (variation on a quote by Eric Sotto, When
  Teaching Becomes Learning

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Active Engagement

• Active Learning
• Cooperative Learning
• Writing to Learn
• Discovery Learning
• Active Engagement and the ARCS Model

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Autonomy

• What autonomy do students generally have in a
  course?
• Autonomy and the ARCS model

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Autonomy

• Course activity
• Course policy
• Course content
• Projects/assignments
• Student assessment

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Portfolios as Motivational Tool

• Showcase the students best work
• Open discussion about portfolio elements and
  assessment
• Opportunities for Reflection and Self-expression
• Individual exercises provide incentive and
  motivation throughout the process

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Portfolios Exist in Real Life

• Business
• Art
• Job-seeking
• Promotion
• GEIII
• Repertoire

• Portfolios reveal
• Thinking Process
• wide range of aptitude
• growth
• in-process future projects
• Group and Individual work

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Portfolio-as-Repertoire

• Collection of ones best work
• Things Im working on.things that I do well
• Future initiatives
• Example Conductors use video/audio to show
  process/progress...

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Portfolios give students control over their grades

• Optional Elements
• Relevant e-mail
• Personal reflections
• Critiques of fellow students' writings
• Drafts
• Additional bibliographies, etc.
• Critiques by fellow students

• Required Elements
• A digital video
• A webliography
• Two rubric checklists
• Abstract
• Concert notes w/ bibliography

Discuss assessment grading Right from the start!
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Useful, Authentic Projects keep Motivation High

• What Musicians Write
• Mission Statements
• Annotated Bibs
• Webliography
• Concert Notes
• Abstracts
• Obituaries
• Proposals

• FUN Worksheets
• Web Searching
• DB Searching
• Print Index Search
• Concert Review
• Summative Group Project

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Multimedia Class

• Electronic Classroom
• CD and e-Music, Scores, Art, Books, WWW
• Big Project Become the Teacher
• Demonstrate Website eval. to an audience
• Comfortable with technology and surroundings

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Lots of hands on...

• Peer critique in class, via email
• Two (2) Instructors available by phone, email,
  IM, in-person
• Course Documents available onlineno surprises
• Drafts and the 48-hour rule

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Portfolio as Motivator

• Model Portfolios right from the start
• Alumni portfolios available upon request
• No Secrets
• Never Throw Anything Away
• Encourage notebooks, journaling
• Decorate your Own Portfolio
• Organize However You Like

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Student Involvement in Portfolios

• Peer Critique forms
• Critique 1 three (3) weeks before finals
• Students actively participated in creating the
  course calendar
• They know how it all ends
• Always time for one more draft

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Student Personalization

• Binder Choice
• Cover decorations, tabs, illustrations
• Order of contents
• Chronological by class or project
• Chronological by Best work, then drafts
• Show Portfolio, then all other matter
• Personal work, then handouts, etc.
• Required, then optional work

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Student Personalization

• Students required to create a reflective essay
  (letter of welcome, Preface, etc.)
• Organization, Order, Inquiry,
• Personal Growth

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Portfolios were assessed with a rubric

• Discussed throughout the semester
• Students had the same rubric we used
• Consensus student input during critiques and
  portfolio review