6'2 The First Western President

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6.2 The First Western President
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Vocabulary

• Tariffa duty imposed by a government on
  imported or exported goods.
• Popular votethe total number of votes by the
  people within each state.
• Caucusa closed meeting of political leaders to
  select candidates for office.

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1824 Election
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Vocabulary

• Spoils systemgiving of jobs to supporters of
  the political party in power.
• States rightsa political position favoring
  limitation of federal power.
• Nullifyto refuse to recognize or enforce a law.

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The Rise of Jacksonian Politics

• 1. Andrew Jacksons election win in 1828 was a
  triumph of the self made man.
• 2. Jackson represented a new American ideal,
  even though he owned slaves and lived in a
  mansion.

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The 1824 Election

• 1. Jackson received more electoral votes than
  anyone in the 1824 election but did not have a
  majority. (House of Rep. then decides)
• 2. Henry Clay influenced the House to elect J.Q.
  Adams. Adams then picks Clay to be Sec. of
  State.
• 3. Adams represented the ruling elite. Wanted
  high tariffs, improved roads and canals, and a
  national university.

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(No Transcript)
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The 1828 Campaign

• 1. Jackson supporters held BBQs, picnics, and
  parades to bring in new voters.
• 2. Both parties attack each other. Adams
  supporters passed out the Coffin Handbill.
• 3. Jackson favored the common man and
  westerners. He went to win the election
  convincingly.

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The Coffin Handbill
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1828 Election
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The Second American Party System

• 1. The Republicans becomes the Democratic
  Republicans under Jackson. A new party will be
  formed the National Republicans or Whigs to
  oppose Jackson.
• 2. By 1832, both parties would hold national
  nominating conventions.

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A Strong Presidency

• 1. Jackson entered office ready to put in place
  all of his programs.

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Political Supporters Rewarded

• 1. Jackson replaced almost every government
  official with his friends and supporters.
• 2. Jacksons Tennessee buddies were his most
  important advisors and known as the kitchen
  cabinet.

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Jacksons Indian Policy

• 1. To make room for white settlers, Jackson
  wanted to force Indians further west. He refused
  to listen to Indian rights.
• 2. The settlers ignored Indian treaties and when
  the Cherokee went to court over these issues they
  won.
• 3. Jackson encouraged Georgians to ignore the
  decision. Jackson was violating the checks and
  balances of the government.
• MOVE WEST OR DIE

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The Trail of Tears
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Trail of Tears Map

• Under guard, the U. S. Military sent the entire
  Cherokee Tribe out in three groups, each taking a
  different route to the Indian Reservation in
  Oklahoma.

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War on the Federal Bank

• 1. Jackson declares war on the National Bank
  because it helps the rich.
• 2. Jackson Claimed the bank treated common
  people unfair.
• 3. Jackson vetos the federal bank charter to
  the surprising support of the people. He wins
  the 1832 election by a larger margin than before.
• 4. Jackson caused the Panic of 1837, by
  depositing money from the National Bank into his
  friends banks. They gave out too many loans and
  the economy crashed.

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Jackson vs. The Bank
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Democrat Mascot
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The Federal Union Put to the Test

• 1. Jackson and Vice-President Calhoun disagree
  over how much power the federal government should
  have.

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The Tariff of Abominations

• 1. In 1828, Adams passed the largest tariff bill
  ever.
• 2. Northerners liked this because it protected
  their growing textiles. Southerners resented the
  high prices.
• 3. John Calhoun speaks out for the South. He
  says that the final power given to the government
  comes from the states.

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• 4. The Senate debated the issue of states
  rights.
• 5. Jackson supported states right when dealing
  with Indians and supports the federal government
  over the nullification issue.

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Political Cartoon
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Defense of the Union

• 1. Calhoun led the South Carolinians in a fight
  with the government.
• 2. Jackson was outraged by Calhoun and
  threatened to hang him. He also boosted the
  military in South Carolina Forts.

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• 3. Henry Clay worked out a compromise to reduce
  the high tariffs over 10 years. A Force Bill was
  also signed, allowing the army and navy to
  enforce laws. South Carolina ends up repealing
  the nullification law.

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King Andrew I