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RECM 459 Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance

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Lightly topdress when grass is 2 inches in height. re-fertilize ... Bahiagrass has low tolerance to most currently available postemergence grass herbicides. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: RECM 459 Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance


1
RECM 459Chapter 7Grounds Maintenance
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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Turf essentials
  • soil
  • grass
  • water
  • air
  • sunlight
  • SOIL
  • Topsoil
  • Mineral particles
  • Sand
  • Silt
  • Clay
  • organic matter
  • humus
  • benefits
  • buffer for toxic materials
  • increases soil capacity for nutrients and water
  • healthy growth environment for micro-organisms
  • living plants and animals
  • air
  • Water
  • Subsoil
  • Bed rock

3
Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • SOIL PH
  • Ranges 0-14
  • turf grasses require 6.0 8.0
  • too acidic (below 5.5) inhibits growth
  • negates nitrogen and phosphorous fixation
  • raise ph with the addition of lime
  • lower ph with the addition of sulphur
  • less effective in highly organic soils

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • SOIL PREPARATION
  • TEST SOIL
  • GRADE TO DESIRED SLOPE
  • REMOVE UNSUITABLE PLANT MATERIALS BY
    STERILIZATION
  • METHYL BROMIDE A CHEMICAL STERILIZATION AGENT
  • Cover in plastic for 24 hours
  • Wait 3-4 weeks before planting desired grasses
  • Apply when 50 degrees or warmer
  • Add ½ lime as indicated by soil test
  • no more than 50lbs per 1,000 sq. ft.
  • add additional as needed after 6 months

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • SOIL PREPARATION
  • Plow area to turn soil to a depth of 4-6 inches
  • 12-18 in heavy topsoil
  • Add second lime application, fertilizers etc.
  • Roto-till to mix
  • Rake
  • Plant grass seed
  • Roll to compact
  • Mulch
  • Water
  • Lightly topdress when grass is 2 inches in height
  • re-fertilize
  • Mow no more than 1/3 of blade height

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • NUTRIENT ELEMENTS
  • Nitrogen
  • Promotes blade and root growth
  • Phosphorous
  • Root growth
  • Potassium (potash)
  • Aides in the manufacture of plant sugars,
    starches, proteins
  • Provides disease resistance
  • Trace Elements
  • Calcium, Magnesium, Sulphur, Iron
  • Zinc, Manganese, Copper, Molybdenum, Boron

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • FERTILIZATION TIMING
  • Cool season grasses
  • Fall/spring
  • Warm season grasses
  • Fall/spring supplemental in late spring and
    summer with high nitrogen

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • GRASSES
  • COOL
  • Most active growth in spring and fall
  • Dormant in July and August
  • TYPES
  • Fescue
  • Tall (course in texture)
  • Fine
  • Drought and shade tolerant
  • Kentucky 31 is most common

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Bentgrass
  • Fine texture
  • Golf greens
  • Low mowing, high watering
  • Heavy fertilization
  • Thinning/anti-thatch
  • Needs heavy sunlight
  • 3 year longevity
  • traffic tolerant

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Kentucky bluegrass
  • Limed, well drained soils
  • Has creeping underground stems (rhizomes)
  • Not traffic tolerant

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Ryegrass
  • Fine textured
  • Not drought or shade tolerant
  • Does not do well in wet or acidic soils
  • Quick germinator
  • Used as an overseeder

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • WARM
  • Most active growth in June, July, and August
  • Heat tolerant
  • TYPES
  • Bermuda
  • Very hardy
  • Bears traffic well
  • Fast growing
  • Is not shade tolerant

13
Chapter 7 Bermuda GrassFour Winds Beach Resort,
Longboat Key, Florida
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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Zoysia
  • Moderate shade
  • Very hardy
  • Spreads by rhizomes
  • Slow spreader
  • Often plugged or sprigged

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
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Chapter 7 Grounds MaintenanceZoysia Grass
Spreading-8 weeks after planting seedlings
17
Chapter 7 Grounds MaintenanceZoysia Applications
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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Carpetgrass
  • Course texture
  • Moist sandy soils
  • Moderate shade tolerant
  • Less cold tolerant than Bermuda

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • St. Augustine
  • Coastal, sandy soils
  • Not disease resistant
  • Centipede
  • Top spreader, surface creeper
  • Sandy soils
  • Poor wear resistance

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Bahiagrass was introduced from Brazil in 1914 and
    was originally used as a pasture grass on the
    poor sandy soils of the southeastern United
    States.
  • Several varieties have become available for use
    as lawn grasses.
  • The ability of bahiagrasses to persist on
    infertile, dry soils and their resistance to most
    pests have made them increasingly popular with
    Florida homeowners.
  • http//www.allspc.com/lct_typeofturf.htm

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • ADVANTAGES
  • Bahiagrass can be grown from seed which is
    abundant and relatively inexpensive.
  • Once established, these grasses develop an
    extensive root system which makes them one of the
    most drought tolerant lawn grasses.
  • Bahiagrass produces a very durable sod which is
    able to withstand moderate traffic.
  • In addition, bahiagrasses have fewer pest
    problems than any other Florida lawn grass,
    although mole crickets can severely damage it.
  • http//www.allspc.com/lct_typeofturf.htm

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • DISADVANTAGES
  • Bahiagrasses have a relatively open growth habit
    and the tall unsightly seedheads that are
    produced continuously from May through November.
  • The prolific seedheads, plus the very tough
    leaves and stems make bahias difficult to mow.
  • The coarse texture of several bahia varieties
    reduce their visual quality.
  • Bahiagrasses are not well adapted to soils having
    high pH (alkaline soils) and grow poorly in areas
    subject to salt spray.
  • http//www.allspc.com/lct_typeofturf.htm

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • DISADVANTAGES
  • They often appear yellow in spring and fall due
    to lack of iron
  • They can be seriously damaged by mole crickets.
  • Bahiagrass has low tolerance to most currently
    available postemergence grass herbicides.
  • This makes weed control difficult in bahiagrass
    turf.
  • http//www.allspc.com/lct_typeofturf.htm

24
Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • Bahiagrass
  • However, Bahia is successfully used on road
    shoulders as ground cover where aesthetics are
    not an issue.
  • Does well on poor soils
  • Shade tolerant

25
Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • GRASSES PLANTING TECHNIQUES
  • SEEDS
  • SPRIGS
  • Underground stems (rhizomes)
  • Above ground stems (stolons)
  • Spread chopped soils with stems over area

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • GRASSES PLANTING TECHNIQUES
  • PLUGS
  • Plant plugs of existing turf
  • SOD
  • Spread sod with in-place grasses

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • GRASSES MAINTENANCE TECHNIQUES
  • AERIATION
  • MOWING
  • DE-THATCHING
  • PEST MGMT.
  • Biological controls
  • Preying mantis
  • Mechanical controls
  • Trapping moles and voles
  • Chemical
  • Pesticides
  • Cultural control
  • Move them
  • Introduce genetically altered pests which are
    sterile
  • IRRIGATION

28
Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • TREES and SHRUBS
  • Benefits
  • Replace oxygen
  • Affect microclimate through shade
  • Production and evapo-transpiration
  • Reduce air pollution by filtration/absorption
  • Reduce noise
  • Control pedestrian traffic

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • TREES and SHRUBS
  • Benefits (continued)
  • Protect sensitive areas
  • Provide aesthetics
  • Provide wildlife habitat
  • Disadvantages
  • Leaf litter
  • Increases mowing time
  • May present hazards to visitors

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Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • MAINTENANCE TASKS
  • Planting
  • Maintenance
  • Pruning
  • Shaping
  • Rejuvenation
  • Removal of dead wood
  • Mulching
  • Weeding beds
  • Fertilization
  • Punch bar
  • Drilled holes
  • Surface application

31
Chapter 7 Grounds Maintenance
  • MAINTENANCE TASKS (continued)
  • Liming
  • Irrigation
  • Disease and Insect control
  • Removal
  • Inventory
  • Nurseries for replacements
  • Volume of plants needed
  • Commercial plant sources
  • Land availability
  • Capital financing
  • Availability of qualified personnel

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