Naming Ionic Compounds

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Naming Ionic Compounds

• The name of an ionic compound first contains the
  name of the cation, followed by the name of the
  anion.
• Objectives
• 1) Given a formula unit, write the name of the
  compound.
• 2) Given the name of a compound, write the
  formula unit.
• Solutions
• Write the name of the ionic compound, given its
  formula unit
• a) identify the cation and the anion in the
  ionic compound
• b) write the name of the cation, then write the
  name of the anion
• 2) Write the formula unit of an ionic compound,
  given its name
• a) the first part of the name is the cation, the
  second part of the name is the anion
• b) identify the charge of the cation, and for
  the anion
• c) calculate the smallest ratio of cations to
  anions required to produce an electroneutral
  ionic compound
• d) write the formula unit based on the elemental
  symbols and ion ratios

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Naming Ionic Compounds

• Write the names of the following ionic compounds
• FeCl3
• (NH4)2(CO3)
• ZnO
• Al2(SO4)3
• K3PO4

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Naming Ionic Compounds

• Write the formula unit for the following ionic
  compounds
• cobalt(II) acetate
• magnesium hydroxide
• silver(I) sulfide
• ammonium iodide
• sodium nitrite

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Complex Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds may consist of more than two
ions Ex ferric ammonium sulfate
Fe(NH4)(SO4)2 Many minerals and ceramic
materials have complex ionic structures linarit
e lead(II) copper(II) sulfate hydroxide
PbCuSO4(OH)2
yttrium barium copper(II/III) oxide YBa2Cu3O7-x
natural mineral
superconductor
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Ions in the Ocean
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Ions in Organisms
Extracellular fluid compositions in animals.
ion concentration (millimol/L) Na
K Ca2 Mg2 Cl- SO42- HPO42- seawater 470
10 10 55 570 15 marine organism 480
12 12 47 550 21 1 freshwater lt1
lt.01 lt.1 lt.1 lt1 freshwater 130
5 8 2 130 animal human 142
4 5 2 104 1 2 (terrestrial) sweat 25
4 17
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sodium-potassium pump
result less permeable cations are pumped
outside of the cell, generating a negative
potention inside the cell
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nerve cells (neurons)
action potential propagation
Len Kravitz, U. New Mexico
a) Resting membrane potential (RMP) at -70mV. Na
on outside and K on inside of cellb) As
depolarization reaches threshold of -55mV, the
action potential is triggered and Na rushes into
cell. Membrane potential reaches 30mV on
action potentialc) Propagation of the action
potential at 110 m/sec (which is 225 mph)d)
Repolarization occurs with K exiting the cell to
return to -70mV RMPe) Return of ions (Na and
K) to their extracellular and intracellular
sites by the sodium potassium (NaK) pump
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shoulder X-ray image
bone tissue hydroxyapatite network
view of the crystal structure of hydroxyapatite
Hydroxyapatite (makes up 70 of bone
mass) Ca5(PO4)3OH
Ca blue P purple O - red
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Hemoglobin oxygen transport protein
Blood
Heme group
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Acids Bases a preview
Many ionic compounds are either acids or bases.
One definition of an acid is a substance that
provides H (hydrogen ion) when dissolved in
water, and one definition of a base is a
substance that provides OH- (hydroxide ion) when
dissolved in water. Acid provides H in
water Ex HNO3, H2SO4, HCl, H3PO4 Base provides
OH- in water Ex KOH, Ca(OH)2
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Acids Bases a preview
H
H
H
basic O2- ? OH- ? H2O ? H3O acidic
oxide hydroxide water hydronium
When H (hydrogen ion) is available in water, it
protonates the water molecule. The result is
H3O (hydronium ion). In basic solutions,
deprotonated water molecules, or hydroxide ions
are more abundant than hydronium ions. Doubly
deprotonated water is the oxide ion. Pure water
is classified as neutral, being neither acidic
nor basic. (There is a small, but equal, amount
of hydronium and hydoxide)
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